Journal of Public Health Research最新文献

{"title":"Practices, attitudes, and perceived barriers toward depression care among community pharmacists in Lebanon.","authors":"Iqbal Fahs, Mariam Dabbous, Faten Ezzeddine, Sahar Nasser, Jana K AlWattar, Jihan Safwan, Fouad Sakr, Mohamad Rahal","doi":"10.1177/22799036251349641","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251349641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community pharmacists can play a significant role in optimizing depression care. This study sought to assess the practices, attitudes and perceived barriers of Lebanese community pharmacists toward depression care along with the associated factors.</p><p><strong>Design and method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among community pharmacists in Lebanon using a self-administered online questionnaire. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were done followed by linear regression analyses to examine the association between pharmacists' practices and attitudes with different socio-demographic and professional factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed a good level of engagement and relatively positive attitudes toward depression care, among the 275 participating community pharmacists. Those with higher attitudes scores (beta = 8.079, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) and higher percentages of weekly prescriptions of antidepressants (1%-10% antidepressants, beta = 3.160, <i>p</i> = 0.047; >10% of anti-depressants, beta = 2.829, <i>p</i> = 0.019) were significantly more involved in depression care practices. Besides, being a female (beta = 0.165, <i>p</i> = 0.002), having personal experiences (beta = 2.239, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and the presence of private counseling area (beta = 11.183, <i>p</i> = 0.01) were significantly associated with more positive attitudes. Conversely, pharmacists with more than 10 years of community experience (beta = -20.369, <i>p</i> = 0.021) and those with higher daily encounters with patients (beta = -7.243, <i>p</i> = 0.001) exhibited significantly lower attitude scores. The most reported perceived barriers to depression care were insufficient time for patients (48.7%), inadequate mental health education (46.9%), insufficient data (41.5%), and lack of privacy (37.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lebanese community pharmacists generally demonstrate favorable good practices and positive attitudes toward depression care. Several areas for improvement are still desired through broader strategies, training and awareness programs, and effective collaborations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251349641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building healthcare capacity for neurodegenerative disease management in Nigeria: Challenges and opportunities.","authors":"Elechi Kelechi Wisdom, Toluwalashe Soyemi, Shekoni Mayowa, Nwakaego Stephanie Ede, Elechi Ubalaeze Solomon, Chukwuagoziem Augustine Iloanusi, Chinonyelum Emmanuel Agbo, Obehi Suzan Idogen, Cletus Augustine Ikechukwu, Okechukwu Clinton Ifeanyi, Christiana Komeno Akpowowo, Farounbi Glory Oyebola, Chidinma Nndoumele, Lawal Olabisi Promise","doi":"10.1177/22799036251350957","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251350957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are growing public health concerns worldwide, and their burden is particularly severe in low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria. This perspective highlights the urgent need for tailored public health strategies to address the rising prevalence of these diseases, focusing on prevention, early detection, and management in the Nigerian context. With an aging population and limited healthcare infrastructure, Nigeria faces unique challenges in diagnosing and treating NDs. Cultural factors, such as stigma and misconceptions about cognitive decline, further complicate timely intervention. The paper explores the current public health strategies implemented to combat these diseases, including lifestyle modifications, national policy development, and public-private partnerships. It emphasizes the need for community-based programs, the integration of primary healthcare and neurology, and increased awareness to reduce the societal burden of NDs. Additionally, the manuscript discusses the essential role of training healthcare providers and the integration of traditional and modern medicine in enhancing care. It calls for a coordinated, culturally relevant approach to addressing the rising tide of neurodegenerative diseases in Nigeria, with recommendations for policy reform, healthcare system strengthening, and greater research investment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251350957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of emotion regulation training on anxiety in college students in Egypt (Randomized control trial).","authors":"Amani Safwat ElBarazi","doi":"10.1177/22799036251347030","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251347030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The important role of Emotion Regulation in managing stress and anxiety is well recognized.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>(1) assessing the level of anxiety, and the level of difficulties in emotion regulation among University Students during Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), (2) investigating the effect of the emotional regulation training program on the anxiety of University Students during COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In part, I, 863 students at the British university in Egypt were assessed for their anxiety, difficulties in emotion regulation, and the general impact of COVID-19 on their lives. The students completed Beck Anxiety Inventory and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Part II was a Randomized Control Trial using a pre-assessment and a post-assessment. A voluntary sample of 200 students was randomly assigned to either a group that received emotion regulation training or a control group. The training program is an adapted version of Dialectical Behavior Therapy skills training. The training program includes mindfulness, emotion regulation, and problem-solving skills through eight 90-min group sessions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Part I: The mean Beck Anxiety Inventory's total score among students was 22.27 (SD = 13.6). Severe anxiety was reported by 39.9% of the students, and the mean difficulties in emotion regulation scale's total score was 75.1 (SD = 23.24). In Part II, after the intervention, students in the experimental group, in comparison to the control group, resulted in significantly greater reductions in anxiety (the effect size, <i>d</i> = 0.53, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and significantly greater reductions in difficulties in emotion regulation (the effect size, <i>d</i> = 0.85, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings indicate that training in emotional regulation considerably lowered students' anxiety. It is recommended to teach the university students emotions regulation skills to improve their academic performance, enhance general well-being, and lower the risk of mental health concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251347030"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of patient satisfaction with healthcare services among insured and uninsured patients at a public hospital in Cameroon: A comparative cross-sectional study using the modified PSQ-18 questionnaire.","authors":"Adanze Nge Cynthia, Bülent Kılıç, Alimah Komuhangi, Nguemo Noumedem Julie Laure","doi":"10.1177/22799036251345936","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251345936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regular assessment of patient satisfaction is crucial for healthcare providers to evaluate and improve the quality of services offered. However, research on patient satisfaction, particularly in Cameroon, remains limited. This study aimed to assess patient satisfaction levels with the healthcare services at the Yaoundé Central Hospital using the PSQ-18 questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023, involving outpatients aged 18 and above who willingly consented to participate. A modified version of the PSQ-18 questionnaire was utilized to evaluate satisfaction across 10 hospital variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 385 participants, with 264 uninsured and 121 insured. The overall satisfaction rate was 90.9%. Satisfaction level for insured patients was 98.3% and 87.5% for not insured patients. Variables such as diagnosis, information provided by healthcare personnel, and equipment quality received high satisfaction scores. However, both insured and uninsured patients expressed dissatisfaction with specialist waiting times. Binary logistic regression revealed significant difference, with uninsured individuals being 8.5 times more likely to be dissatisfied compared to insured counterparts (95% CI 2.0-36.0; <i>p</i> = 0.0006). Large family size of more than 5 persons was the only factor that significantly increased the risk of dissatisfaction with health services.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight a critical policy gap that needs intervention now. Targeted policy interventions are needed to help uninsured Cameroonians afford high-quality healthcare. For population-wide healthcare access, this gap must be closed. Therefore, the national universal health coverage scheme must be expanded and improved to reach all 10 Cameroon regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251345936"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A conceptual system dynamics model of social determinants of health (SDoH) and its impact on population health.","authors":"John P Ansah, Robinson Salazar, Amal Elamin","doi":"10.1177/22799036251347035","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251347035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This paper primarily aims to construct a conceptual model of social determinants of health (SDoH), which will serve as a vital tool for identifying the feedback mechanisms that influence population health outcomes. Additionally, it seeks to simulate both the immediate and long-term effectiveness of proposed SDoH interventions on population health.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>We developed a system dynamics model of SDoH based on literature review and insights from community health experts. This model enables us to simulate the effectiveness of proposed interventions on population health, using CVD as a representative example of health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model results highlight a promising approach for enhancing population health. The neighborhood intervention stands out among the various interventions, demonstrating the most significant impact on health compared to other individual interventions. This finding underscores the potential of neighborhood-focused strategies in improving overall population health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This paper provides a clear explanation and causal framework for why investing in programs that enhance SDoH can improve population health. It introduces a powerful tool such as a causal map of SDoH, enabling policymakers and stakeholders to gain a more profound, dynamic understanding of the relationship between SDoH and health outcomes. This knowledge may help to make informed decisions and implement effective interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251347035"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of fish-borne zoonotic trematode infections in a rural community: A cross-sectional study in the Red River Delta of Vietnam.","authors":"Hoang Dinh Canh, Cao Ba Loi, Nguyen Van Tuan, Nguyen Van Thoai, Nguyen Duc Tan, Nguyen Thi Nhu Quynh, Vu Van Du, Do Ngoc Anh","doi":"10.1177/22799036251345939","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251345939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To our knowledge, there is a lack of reports on the prevalence and risk factors of fish-borne zoonotic trematodiasis (FZTi) in humans in many regions of Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed in three communes located in the Red River Delta, northern Vietnam, where residents are reported to have a habit of eating raw freshwater fish, between June 2020 and December 2021. A total of 591 individuals were interviewed using structured questionnaires, and their stool samples were collected for the analysis of fishborne zoonotic trematode (FZT) egg presence using direct microscopic observation and the formalin-ether concentration method. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to explore potential risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of fish-borne zoonotic trematodiasis (FZTi) was 14.89% among the 591 participants, ranging from 1.52% to 39%. The average age of the participants was 48.31 ± 16.77 years (range: 7-86 years old), and the highest prevalence of FZT infection (17.36%) was observed in individuals aged 19-39 years, followed by those aged 40-59 (16.67%). The prevalence of FZT infectionwas higher in men (17.75%) than in women (11.07%). Factors independently associated with FZTi, obtained by multivariate analysis, included a history of eating raw freshwater fish and the study commune.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study has revealed a wide-ranging prevalence of FZTi among humans in Vietnam's Red River Delta. Sustained surveillance efforts for FZTi, as well as the implementation of long-term, practical control policies, and strategies for eliminating FZT in Vietnam, are still necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251345939"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A constrained disorder principle-based second-generation artificial intelligence digital medical cannabis system: A real-world data analysis.","authors":"Noa Hurvitz, Hillel Lehman, Yoav Hershkovitz, Yotam Kolben, Khurram Jamil, Samuel Agus, Marc Berg, Suhail Aamar, Yaron Ilan","doi":"10.1177/22799036251337640","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251337640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adhering to treatment plans can be challenging for medical cannabis patients. According to the constrained-disorder principle (CDP), biological systems are defined by their degree of variability. CDP-based second-generation artificial intelligence (AI) systems use personalized variability signatures to improve chronic medication response.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed real-world data regarding chronic pain patients using the second generation of artificial intelligence systems to improve adherence to medical cannabis and increase its effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of real-world data of 27 patients using prescribed medical cannabis for chronic pain was conducted. Patients received treatment according to a regimen provided by the CDP-based second-generation AI Altus Care™ app that managed the product's dosage and administration times. The app offers a therapeutic regimen by varying dosages and administration times within predefined ranges. We included 16 patients who participated for more than a week. We assessed adherence to therapy and clinical response in real life based on pain scale measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients were followed up for 64 days (30-189). Second-generation, AI-based, personalized regimens had a high engagement rate and adherence. 50% of patients showed a high compliance rate. Chronic pain improved in patients who reported their pain score.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This preliminary real-world data analysis suggests that an algorithm-based approach using a second-generation AI system may enhance the adherence to and clinical effectiveness of medical cannabis. These findings require confirmation through prospective controlled studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251337640"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding patterns among mothers of different occupational groups in Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria.","authors":"Deborah Tolulope Esan, Adewale Allen Sokan-Adeaga, Opeoluwa Esther Odesanya, Oluwadamilare Akingbade, Titilope Abisola Awotunde, Carlos Guillermo Ramos","doi":"10.1177/22799036251345537","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251345537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Breastfeeding Enabling Environment Conceptual Framework underscores the pivotal role of structural, individual, and setting-level factors, including the mother's occupation in the practice of breastfeeding. This study aimed to investigate the pattern and practice of breastfeeding among mothers of different occupations in Ekiti State, a southwestern region of Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted involving 191 working mothers selected from different occupational groups in Ekiti State, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pre-tested adapted questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis were used for data analysis at a significance level of <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the respondents was 32.4 ± 2.1 years, with approximately 70.2% having tertiary education. Among the respondents, 66% were in professional (white-collar) roles, while 34.0% were artisans (non-professional roles). Sixty-one percent of the respondents reported breastfeeding their babies within 1 h after birth, and a majority (71.2%) practiced exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months. Approximately 61% of the respondents reported having workplace support for breastfeeding, although only 52.4% had breastfeeding breaks. Mothers in white-collar jobs demonstrated higher rates of EBF (61.0%) and good infant feeding practices (74.8%) compared to self-employed mothers. Bivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant association between the practice of EBF and maternal occupation (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mothers in white-collar and professional occupations exhibited more appropriate breastfeeding practices compared to self-employed mothers. It is crucial for healthcare professionals, including nurses, midwives, and other stakeholders, to prioritize support systems and interventions that facilitate breastfeeding among self-employed mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251345537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality trends from respiratory disease in Kazakhstan: A 2011-2021 analysis.","authors":"Galiya Bazarbekova, Mansur Inkarbekov, Ainur B Qumar, Lyazzat Kosherbayeva, Anuar Akhmetzhan, Bekzat Suieubekov","doi":"10.1177/22799036251341526","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251341526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory diseases rank second in global morbidity and mortality. By 2020, mortality from these conditions surged by 39.8% due to increased incidence and COVID-19-related deaths.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to identify preventable mortality and total mortality from respiratory diseases in Kazakhstan from 2011 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>Data from the National Statistics Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan were analyzed. Preventable mortality rates were calculated across 5-year age groups (i.e. 0, 1-4, 5-9, . . ., 74+) and by gender using respiratory disease mortality data from 2011 to 2021. In addition, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the age group of 0-74 years and gender factors were calculated to ensure statistical reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preventable mortality levels have more than doubled by 2021, reaching 156.19 per 100,000 population, with a significant increase in 2020. Preventable mortality among men was consistently three or more times higher than among women. The average annual percentage change increased by 7.5% (95% CI: 3.1; 12.2), from 2011 to 2021, where the rate was higher among women 9.2% (95% CI: 4.8; 13.9), compared to men (6.6% [95% CI: 0.9; 12.7]). Our findings strongly indicate that mortality rates will continue to rise by 2026, underscoring the urgent need for the scientific community and governments to collaborate in preventing further escalations of respiratory diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study seeks to project the future prognosis of respiratory disease-related mortality and to highlight the need for targeted health strategies to reduce avoidable deaths through targeted health strategies with cooperative measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251341526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12126622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, clinical presentation and risk factors of molar incisor hypomineralisation and hypomineralised second primary molars among children in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Hessah A Al-Huzaimi, Randa M F Ibrahim","doi":"10.1177/22799036251341529","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036251341529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) and Hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) are qualitative defects of enamel of systemic origin. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and clinical presentation of MIH and HSPM among Saudi primary school children in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, to investigate the association between MIH and HSPM, and to assess the association between MIH and HSPM with possible risk factors.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 325 primary school children in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected via questionnaire and clinical examination that was conducted by two calibrated examiners, according to the criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests/Fisher's exact tests and odds ratio were used; the significance level was set at <i>p</i>-value ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence values of MIH and HSPM were 18.5% and 11.4%, respectively. There was a significant association between MIH and HSPM (OR = 8.38, 95% CI = 4.027-17.437, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Demarcated opacity (78.5%) was the most common clinical pattern in MIH affected teeth; atypical caries (42.4%) was the most common in cases with HSPM. MIH was significantly associated with otitis media during the first 4 years of life (OR = 3.552, 95% CI = 1.362-9.262, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MIH and HSPM are common conditions amongst Saudi children (18.5% and 11.4% respectively). HSPM is a risk factor for MIH. Otitis media is associated with MIH. Further research on the aetiology of these conditions is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"22799036251341529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12099115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}