Journal of Public Health Research最新文献

{"title":"Modeling multistage transition probability in blood pressure progression stages among hypertensive patients, southern Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Dereje Danbe Debeko, Tayesew Shegaw","doi":"10.1177/22799036261480273","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036261480273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension is the primary cause of cardiovascular death and a major contributor to heart attack, stroke, chronic heart disease, and kidney failure. The aim of this study was to estimate multistage transition probability and identify associated risk factors among hypertensive patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 210 patients who underwent hypertension treatment follow-up at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HU-CSH) were included in the study. The multistate Markov model is used to estimate transition probability, transition intensity between disease stages, and mean time spent in each BP progression stage. We used the proportional hazards regression model to estimate effects of different covariates on transition intensity within and between BP progression stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the total study participants, 56.7% were female and 43.3% were male; of these, 66.2% were urban and 33.8% were rural residents. The transition probability from stage 1 to stage 2 was 0.151, from stage 2 to stage 3 was 0.128, and from stage 3 to stage 4 was 0.205. Stage 3 had the shortest estimated mean sojourn time. Old-aged (30+) patients had 3.19 times (19%) more risk of transitioning from stage 2 (grade 1 hypertension) to stage 3 (grade 2 hypertension) compared to patients below 30 years of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients who were in stage 3 (grade 2 hypertension) had a higher risk of progressing to stage 4 (grade 3 hypertension). A family history of hypertension, older age (30+), male sex, urban residence, history of previous hypertension and diabetes were major risk factors of hypertension and increased BP.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261480273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13494306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of demographic factors and consumption habits on hypertension in the adult population in Indonesia: (Health Indonesian survey 2023).","authors":"Cici Apriza Yanti, Evi Susanti, Ratna Djuwita, Evi Martha, Besral, Noor Mastura Mohd Mujar, Debby Ratno Kustanto","doi":"10.1177/22799036261474134","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22799036261474134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hypertension remains one of the leading contributors to cardiovascular disease and premature mortality in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine the association between demographic characteristics and consumption-related behaviours' with hypertension among Indonesian adults using nationally representative survey data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the Indonesia Health Survey (IHS) 2023. The analysis included 638,180 respondents aged 15 years and older from all provinces in Indonesia. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, followed by multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with hypertension. Results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Older age was the strongest factor associated with hypertension (AOR = 4.92; 95% CI: 4.83-5.01; p < 0.001). Women were more likely to report hypertension than men (AOR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.63-1.71; p < 0.001). Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables was associated with lower odds of hypertension (AOR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84-0.92; p < 0.001). Regional variation was also observed, with East Java reporting the highest prevalence of hypertension among the provinces included in the survey.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypertension among Indonesian adults is strongly associated with age, sex, and dietary behaviours. The findings suggest that prevention strategies should prioritize population groups at higher risk while promoting healthier dietary practices through context-specific public health interventions across different regions of Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261474134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13494307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employment and epilepsy disclosure: A neglected research priority.","authors":"Muqaddas Arshad, Samia Arif, Ayesha Shafqat, Abdul Haseeb Hasan, Saira Naz","doi":"10.1177/22799036261480302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036261480302","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261480302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting changes in U.S. county health: What does machine learning tell us about multiple determinants of health.","authors":"Di Yang, David Vanness","doi":"10.1177/22799036261480261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036261480261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understanding multiple determinants of health and their contributions to premature mortality is essential for policymaking in population health. As an exploratory forecasting exercise, we aimed to analyze the associations between multiple determinants of health and improvement in premature mortality in U.S. counties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using County Health Rankings data on health determinants from 2010-2014, we predicted changes in premature mortality from 2015 to 2019. We used Extreme Gradient Boosting, which allows for flexible functional estimates of a multi-dimensional health production function, to assess the association between improvement in premature mortality and pre-period health determinants. We made Accumulated Local Effects plots to illustrate these associations and conducted a conventional spatial regression as a robustness check.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We find a negative association between the baseline some-college rate (percentage of adults aged 25-44 with some post-secondary education) and change in premature mortality. A one-percentage-point increase in the baseline some-college rate in 2010-2014 is associated with a reduction of premature mortality by 9.57 years of potential life lost per 100,000 population from 2015 to 2019. The magnitude of the association for each county varied based on each county's baseline some-college rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings reveal that improvements in post-secondary education are associated with relatively large, yet variable, gains in population health across U.S. counties. Applying machine learning methods to estimate a county-level health production function can inform tailored policies to improve local population health.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261480261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring patients' experiences and perceived barriers to the utilization of rural comprehensive health centers among individuals living with chronic non-communicable diseases: A qualitative inquiry.","authors":"Abdullah Azizi, Zahra Khiyali, Ali Taghinezhad, Mostafa Bijani","doi":"10.1177/22799036261480303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036261480303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rural Comprehensive Health Centers (RCHCs) constitute a cornerstone of primary healthcare delivery and possess substantial capacity to provide essential services that enhance the health and quality of life of individuals living with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The present study aimed to explore the experiences and perceived of patients with chronic NCDs and identify the perceived barriers influencing their utilization of Rural Comprehensive Health Centers in Fars Province, southern Iran.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A qualitative study grounded in conventional content analysis was conducted. Data were collected through 25 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with patients diagnosed with chronic conditions. The data were analyzed using the methodological framework proposed by Graneheim and Lundman.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of the interview data yielded three overarching themes and seven subthemes. The principal themes included Structural and service accessibility barriers (distance, service hours, workforce shortages, and lack of equipment), Trust-related barriers (belief in traditional remedies and self-treatment, and Negative attitude and experiences to the utilization of rural comprehensive health centers (RCHCs)), and Health literacy and illness perception barriers (insufficient knowledge of self-care and disease management, and low perceived severity of illness).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate that access to and utilization of rural comprehensive health services among individuals living with chronic non-communicable diseases are influenced by a combination of organizational, sociocultural, and individual factors. These insights provide valuable guidance for healthcare policymakers and senior administrators seeking to develop effective strategies and targeted interventions to address barriers that hinder the optimal utilization of RCHCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261480303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning approaches to predict maternal anemia and Identifying associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Eliyas Addisu Taye, Gabrela Yimer Hailie, Abel Temeche Kassaw","doi":"10.1177/22799036261480284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036261480284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anemia remains a major global public health problem, affecting an estimated 1.93 billion people worldwide. Pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are disproportionately affected, placing them at greater risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study used machine learning to predict anemia and identify key predictors among pregnant women in SSA. We analyzed the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 24 SSA countries, including a weighted sample of 14,569 pregnant women. Data were prepared in SPSS version 27 and analyzed in Python version 3.12. An Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier was developed to predict anemia, while Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) identified influential predictors and improved model interpretability. Model performance was assessed using accuracy, recall, F1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The XGBoost model achieved 87% accuracy, 85% recall, a 73% F1 score, and an AUC of 95%, indicating excellent predictive performance. SHAP analysis identified unimproved water sources, lack of antenatal care visits, absence of mobile phone ownership, older maternal age, financial barriers to healthcare, cigarette smoking, khat chewing, limited media exposure, urban residence, home delivery, and use of unimproved cooking fuel as the most influential predictors of anemia. These findings demonstrate that machine learning can accurately identify pregnant women at high risk of anemia using routinely collected sociodemographic, behavioral, and maternal health data. Integrating ML-based prediction models into antenatal care and digital maternal health platforms could support timely risk identification, personalized interventions, and targeted strategies to reduce maternal anemia across SSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261480284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy drinks consumption and biochemical changes in liver and kidney function: A comparative cross-sectional study among university students.","authors":"Inam Hindi, Zain Farounyeh, Duha Suboh, Tasneem Dweikat, Shayma Naghnaghia, Ahmed Mousa, Zaher Nazzal","doi":"10.1177/22799036261480304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036261480304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Energy drinks (EDs) are widely consumed by young adults to enhance mental and physical performance, yet their potential health risks remain a global concern. This study investigates the association between ED consumption and markers of liver and kidney function.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among Palestinian university students in 2024. Data were collected from 600 participants (392 ED users and 208 non-users) via questionnaires and venous blood sampling. The questionnaire assessed demographics, ED consumption patterns, and lifestyle habits. Blood samples were analyzed for creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and albumin. Statistical analyses were performed to identify correlations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 600 students (mean age: 20.3 ± 1.79 years; 59.7% female). Participants were stratified into frequent users (34%), infrequent users (31.3%), and non-users (34.7%). Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in creatinine, ALT, and albumin levels across the groups (p = 0.007, 0.014, and 0.041, respectively), with the highest biomarker levels observed in frequent users. However, multivariable linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders, showed no significant independent association between ED consumption frequency and markers of hepatic or renal function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early signs of renal and hepatic stress are observed among frequent ED users. These findings underscore the importance of public health awareness regarding ED consumption patterns in young adult populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261480304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13487042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between smoking status and vitamin B12 levels in Jordanian adults: A cross-sectional study of active, passive, and non-smokers.","authors":"Ahmed Salem, Fanar Alsmarat, Lina Al-Zerikat, Wiam M Al-Sharaa, Tasneem Al-Awaida, Layth Al-Ramahi, Yousef Shawawrah, Maryam H Al-Husari","doi":"10.1177/22799036261468064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036261468064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional study investigated the association between smoking status and serum vitamin B12 concentrations in a Jordanian adult population, using plasma cotinine as a validated biomarker of tobacco exposure. Tobacco use remains a major public health concern in Jordan, where smoking prevalence is among the highest globally. Although previous studies have explored the link between smoking and vitamin B12 status, findings have been inconsistent, and the effects of passive smoke exposure are not well understood. A total of 251 Jordanian adults from Amman and Madaba governorates were categorized as active smokers (n=125), passive smokers (n=63), or non-smokers (n=63). Non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U) were used to compare group differences, and multiple linear regression was performed on log-transformed vitamin B12 concentrations to identify independent predictors. Vitamin B12 levels differed significantly across groups (p=0.021), with passive smokers showing the highest median concentrations (373.0 pg/mL) compared with active smokers (327.0 pg/mL) and non-smokers (295.0 pg/mL). In the regression model, passive smoking was independently associated with higher vitamin B12 concentrations (B=0.168, p = 0.027), while higher BMI was associated with lower concentrations (B=-0.011, p = 0.039). No significant correlation was observed between cotinine and vitamin B12 levels within any group. These findings suggest a possible compensatory metabolic response in passive smokers. Should these findings be validated, they could have clinical implications for evaluating vitamin B12 status in individuals exposed to tobacco smoke and highlight the urgency of enforcing smoke-free environments. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261468064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13487082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors of bacterial urinary tract infections among asymptomatic diabetes mellitus patients in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.","authors":"Alemayehu Abate, Melkamnesh Azage, Abaineh Munshea","doi":"10.1177/22799036261480185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036261480185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus associated with urinary tract infections. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacterial infection of urinary tract, assess antimicrobial resistance, and associated factors among asymptomatic diabetic patients attending Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, northwestern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2025 among 248 diabetic patients. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were entered into EPI data 3.1 and exported to SPSS v.26. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with bacterial infection of urinary tract, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 248 study participants, 63 (25.4%) had bacterial infection of urinary tract. Gram-negative bacteria predominated, with <i>Escherichia coli</i> (38.1%), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (20.6%), and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (11.1%) being the most common isolates. High resistance was observed to commonly used antibiotics, including <i>ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, chloramphenicol,</i> and <i>co-trimoxazole</i>. In multivariable analysis, age 19-60 years (AOR = 3.95; 95% CI: 1.55-10.08), divorced marital status (AOR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.02-9.09), prior history of UTI (AOR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.12-4.33), and longer duration of diabetes (6-10 years: AOR = 3.85; >10 years: AOR = 5.50) were significantly associated with bacterial infection of urinary tract.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study showed bacterial infection of urinary tract is common among asymptomatic diabetic patients, with a high burden of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship programs, rational antibiotic use guided by culture and sensitivity testing are essential to reduce infection-related morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261480185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13487033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of retention into HIV care among adolescents living with HIV in two selected districts in Copperbelt Province of Zambia.","authors":"Soko John, Kaonga Patrick, Jacobs Choolwe","doi":"10.1177/22799036261480295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036261480295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Retention into Active Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) care is critical indicator of HIV treatment success, enabling long and healthy lives. However, adolescents face unique challenges, including low retention rates, high new infection rates, and higher AIDS-related morbidity and mortality. This study investigated factors affecting retention in HIV care among adolescents in two selected districts in the Copperbelt Province in Zambia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out in two public health facilities, one in Ndola and the other in Masaiti District, in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia between July 2023 and May 2024. Data were collected using a pre-tested, validated questionnaire administered to adolescents living with HIV aged 10 to 19 years, and their responses were linked to their medical records. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with retention in HIV care. All analyses were conducted using Stata version 16.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 237 participants, majority were females (55.3%). Retention in HIV care was 91.1%, with Ndola district at 94.2% and Masaiti district at 88.0%. Key factors associated with retention included suppressed viral load (AOR 10.41, 95% CI:1.83, 59.01) and having a treatment supporter (AOR 10.91, 95% CI:1.71, 69.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescent retention on ART in the Copperbelt Province was 91.1%, indicating generally strong program performance, though some gaps remain. Adolescents in rural areas faced greater barriers and showed higher levels of attrition. Retention was higher among those with treatment supporters and among those with sustained viral suppression, underscoring the value of strong adherence support systems. To build on these gains, there is a need to strengthen adolescent-centred, context-specific interventions; particularly in rural settings where health system challenges are more pronounced. Improving support for adherence and engagement in care will be key to sustaining viral suppression and advancing broader HIV control efforts by 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"15 3","pages":"22799036261480295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13482062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}