Journal of Public Health Research最新文献

{"title":"Mindfulness improves the mental health of infertile women: A systematic review.","authors":"Finta Isti Kundarti,&nbsp;Ira Titisari,&nbsp;Dwi Estuning Rahayu,&nbsp;Kiswati,&nbsp;Jamhariyah","doi":"10.1177/22799036231196693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231196693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infertility in women causes mental health problems, the bad ones. Women with infertility need psychological treatment using mindfulness interventions. This study's purpose was to analyze mindfulness's effect on the mental health of women with infertility through a systematic review. The method used in this systematic review was by searching through the following databases; ProQuest database, Wiley Library, Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct, Sage Journal, Cochrane Library, and Cambridge Core from January 2011 to December 2021. Nine articles met the inclusion criteria. Results show that the use of mindfulness was found to be effective in reducing mental disorders in women with infertility. Nine articles that meet the criteria for inclusion. According to a study on the effects of mindfulness on infertile women, affect increasing mental health levels by reducing mental health disorder scores. Mindfulness has been proven to be an effective intervention for women undergoing infertility-related mental disorders such as stress, anxiety, and depression. However, different types of mindfulness-based interventions are used to target different mental health issues. For example, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) targets stress and anxiety while Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) targets depression. Additionally, specific mindfulness for example, for the midwifery profession can be developed to improve the quality and treatment outcomes of healthcare for women struggling with infertility problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231196693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f1/f4/10.1177_22799036231196693.PMC10498716.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10634680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macronutrient intake in stunted and non-stunted toddlers in Jember, Indonesia.","authors":"Alinea Dwi Elisanti,&nbsp;Resy Dwi Jayanti,&nbsp;Dahlia Indah Amareta,&nbsp;Efri Tri Ardianto,&nbsp;Edza Aria Wikurendra","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stunting is a condition of toddlers who experience growth failure due to chronic nutrient deficiencies that must be addressed immediately, if children lack nutrients continuously, it can affect their nutritional status and will cause children to be shorter than their age. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in macronutrient intake in stunted and non-stunted toddlers in Jember, Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>Type of analytical observational research with case control design, sampling technique using simple random sampling. The number of subjects needed in each group is 66 stunting toddlers and 66 non-stunting toddlers with total subjects used are 132 toddlers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There are differences in macronutrient intake: energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates between stunted and non-stunted toddlers with a higher average value of food intake per day for non-stunted toddlers than for stunted toddlers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are differences in macronutrient intake between stunted and non-stunted toddlers in Jember, Indonesia with a <i>p</i>-value = 0.000 < 0.05.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231197178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e4/2c/10.1177_22799036231197178.PMC10469258.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10208239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The safe use of lasers in biomedicine: Principles of laser-matter interaction.","authors":"Giacomo Insero,&nbsp;Franco Fusi,&nbsp;Giovanni Romano","doi":"10.1177/22799036231187077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231187077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical radiation sources, and in particular lasers, find an ever-increasing number of applications in the medical field. It is essential that personnel who are in the presence of an optical radiation source, whether operator, patient or researcher, know precisely the risks inherent in the exposure of the human body to radiation. In order to reduce the risk of biological damage, beyond the provisions of the law on safety regulations, the precise information and accurate preparation of personnel are the main guarantee for the correct use of these sources. In all the application fields, the possibility of a biological damage cannot be completely eliminated, assuming the connotation of occupational risks. In order to understand the risks and operate their effective mitigation, the basic knowledge of the fundamental concepts at the basis of laser-matter interaction will be presented and discussed, with a focus on the physical parameters needed to efficiently estimate and mitigate the related occupational risks, in both a laboratory and clinical context.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231187077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/af/8b/10.1177_22799036231187077.PMC10395181.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10301548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with overweight in children under 5 years in West African countries.","authors":"Ramata Diallo,&nbsp;Adama Baguiya,&nbsp;Mamadou Dioulde Balde,&nbsp;Sadan Camara,&nbsp;Aissatou Diallo,&nbsp;Bienvenu Salim Camara,&nbsp;Amadou Oury Toure,&nbsp;Anne Marie Soumah,&nbsp;Seni Kouanda,&nbsp;Ella Compaore","doi":"10.1177/22799036231181845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231181845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases and is affecting an increasing number of children worldwide. The objective of this study was to measure the prevalence and related factors to overweight among children under 5 years in five West African countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a secondary analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional data. These data were drawn from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from five countries in the West African region (Benin, Guinea, Mali, Nigeria, and Togo) from 2015 to 2018.Continuous quantitative data were categorized and all analyses were weighted according to the probability that each participant was selected in the sample. Children under 5 years of age were the study population. Multilevel logistic regression was used with Stata 16.0 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total sample size for the analysis was 38,657 children. The pooled prevalence of overweight among children under 5 years of age in the five countries was 3%. Guinea had the highest prevalence (6%) compared to the other countries, which had a prevalence of 2%. The likelihood of being overweight was higher among children aged 0-6 months (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] [2.41-3.95]), who had a high birth height (AOR = 1.64; 95% CI [1.29-2.09]), whose mothers were overweight (AOR = 1.35; 95% CI [1.09-1.68]), who lived in households with fewer than five members (AOR = 1.19; 95% CI [1.00-1.46]), or who lived in Guinea (AOR = 2.79; 95% CI [1.62-4.79]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that overweight concerns few children under 5 years of age in West Africa. However, it does exist, and its prevalence could likely increase if its modifiable factors (maternal overweight, household size, and height at birth) are not taken into account in nutritional interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231181845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c9/48/10.1177_22799036231181845.PMC10350767.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9839834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and predictors of attrition among adults receiving first line anti-retroviral therapy at public health facility in Adea Berga district, Oromia, Ethiopia.","authors":"Seifu Kassa,&nbsp;Tariku Dingeta,&nbsp;Tesfaye Gobana,&nbsp;Tadesse Dufera","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>According to current estimates, there are 665,723 people in Ethiopia who have human immunodeficiency syndrome. As Ethiopia inches closer to attaining the 95/95/95 targets for treatment coverage and reaching epidemic control, however, attrition from anti-retroviral treatment is still one of the key programmatic challenges.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the incidence of attrition rate and its predictors among adult HIV patients receiving anti retro viral treatment at Public Health Facility in Adea Berga/Enchini District.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A 6-year (June 28, 2015 to June 27, 2021) institution-based retrospective cohort study was used to recruit 540 study participants by using simple random sampling. Data were obtained from chart review, coded, entered into Epi Data, and exported to Stata 14.2 software for analysis. At least 1 month missed appointment is considered as attrition and the predictors of attrition were identified using bivariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models and an adjusted hazard ratio (AHR). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to find predictors of attrition, <i>p</i>-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the total 540 study participant, 158 (29.26%) patients were discontinuing from follow up making the incidence rate of attrition 9.50 per 100 person years .Being WHO clinical stage III or IV (AHR = 1.96,), non-practice of Appointment spacing model (AHR = 3.98), poor or fair ART adherence level (AHR = 6.47), age groups (15-24) years (AHR = 1.73) and Others ART linkage points[index case testing, tuberculosis clinic and referral from private/public health institutions] (AHR = 1.76) were significantly associated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study showed that the incidence of attrition among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy was high. Patient sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors were significantly associated with patients on ART.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231197194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/1e/10.1177_22799036231197194.PMC10492486.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10225178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thalassemia carrier status and groundwater iron: Implication for iron supplementation program for children in Bangladesh.","authors":"Sabuktagin Rahman,&nbsp;Patricia Lee,&nbsp;Moududur Rahman Khan,&nbsp;Faruk Ahmed","doi":"10.1177/22799036231191036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231191036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thalassemia, a congenital disorder of hemoglobin synthesis is characterized by low hemoglobin and high iron status, is prevalent in Bangladesh. Iron, consumed through drinking groundwater also increases the population iron status in Bangladesh. The study examined the effect of iron containing micronutrient powder (MNP) on the hemoglobin and ferritin status in Bangladeshi children with thalassemia and their non-thalassemia peers exposed to a high concentration of iron from drinking groundwater.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>Three hundred twenty-seven children aged 2-5 years were recruited for an MNP efficacy trial. A sub sample (<i>n</i> = 222) were screened for thalassemia. Hemoglobin and ferritin levels were measured in children with and without thalassemia. Intake of iron from the key sources-diet, groundwater and MNP was measured. Mann Whitney and <i>t</i>-test were employed to compare the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hemoglobin concentration of the children with thalassemia at the endpoint remained unchanged relative to the baseline; 11.56 ± 0.59 g/dL (Endpoint) versus 11.6 ± 0.54 g/dL (Baseline), <i>p</i> = 0.83. In children without thalassemia hemoglobin tended to increase; 12.54 ± 0.72 g/dL (Endpoint) versus 12.41 ± 0.72 g/dL (baseline), <i>p</i> = 0.06. Baseline reserve of body iron was significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.03) higher in thalassemia carriers (594 gm) compared to their non-carrier peers (558 gm). The increase of the infection-adjusted ferritin from baseline to the endpoint was 7.37% (<i>p</i> = 0.7) and 10.17% (<i>p</i> = 0.009) in the carrier and non-carrier groups respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Bangladesh, the coexistence of thalassemia and the exposure to a high concentration of iron from drinking groundwater renders anemia prevention program with a low iron MNP potentially lesser hazardous to the thalassemia carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231191036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/77/10.1177_22799036231191036.PMC10439722.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10306798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'<i>It was called a grab bag and nobody wanted to grab them'</i>: Teachers' perceptions of school lunches during the COVID-19 pandemic - a regional case study.","authors":"Smm Zaremba,&nbsp;W B Cook,&nbsp;A S Anderson","doi":"10.1177/22799036231193071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231193071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic brought changes to primary school lunches leading to concerns over nutritional quality and uptake of lunches by vulnerable children. Regional data from Tayside, Scotland, showed that only 55% of children who were eligible for free school meals took these (normal uptake pre-pandemic was 66%). The current work aimed to identify teachers' perceptions of meal provisioning in primary schools during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among primary school teachers across Tayside, Scotland. Using an online survey (21 questions combining multiple choice formats and open text) and interviews, primary school teachers shared their views on food quality, quantity, meal choices and factors influencing uptake of primary school lunches. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed with respect to factors influencing consumption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 41 teachers and 8 participated in a follow up interview. Around one-third (29%) of primary school teachers believed the quality of lunches had decreased and cited poor appearance of food, use of takeaway containers and food wastage. The lunch format was viewed negatively principally relating to the substitution of hot lunches with cold sandwiches, portion sizes, choice and perceived value for money. Concerns were expressed about acceptability and how far the meals contributed to food security.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further work on food provisioning is needed in order to identify ways to provide a nutritional safety net for vulnerable children.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231193071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10446468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10356825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 on asthma control among children: A systematic review.","authors":"Mai Hamadneh,&nbsp;Alaa Alquran,&nbsp;Rami Manna","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In December 2019, the current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China. Asthmatic patients are thought to be more vulnerable to the more severe form of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to their weakened immune systems and increased risk of respiratory exacerbation when infected with respiratory viruses; however, there is little evidence to support this theory. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown during the pandemic on asthma management outcome measures among children and adolescents. To conduct the search, we used five bibliographic databases. The results were limited to those articles published between December 2019 and February 2022, selecting only articles published in English that included the study population (children aged 0-18 years). All study designs were considered. Independent assessments of the included studies' quality were made and reported. Among the 945 results of the bibliographic search, only 21 articles were found to fit our eligibility criteria We organized the results from the studies according to the effect of the lockdown at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on common outcomes, including the Pediatric Emergency Department Visits, hospitalization rates of pediatric asthmatic patients during the pandemic, asthma control, asthma exacerbations, psychological effects on patients, and caregivers' concerns. The management of pediatric asthma improved more during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic lockdown than in previous years.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231197186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/11/97/10.1177_22799036231197186.PMC10492482.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10219654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between chronic disease and substance use among older adults in Tennessee.","authors":"Manik Ahuja,&nbsp;Jessica Stamey,&nbsp;Johanna Cimilluca,&nbsp;Kawther Al Skir,&nbsp;Mary K Herndon,&nbsp;Kathleen Baggett,&nbsp;Thiveya Sathiyasaleen,&nbsp;Praveen Fernandopulle","doi":"10.1177/22799036231193070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231193070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Substance use and misuse have a negative impact on health care outcomes, specifically in the older adult population. Older adults are at risk due to several factors occurring toward the end of life such as changing family dynamics, loss of friends and loved ones, and chronic diseases. Substance use in older adults with chronic diseases in rural areas remains poorly studied. This study examines older adults greater than 55 of age in the state of Tennessee, U.S.A.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>Data was extracted from the 2019 National Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) with a subsample for the State of Tennessee (<i>N</i> = 6242) and individuals over age 55 (<i>N</i> = 3389).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At least 33.7% (<i>N</i> = 1143) of older adults have a chronic disease, and 24.4% (<i>N</i> = 828) have at least two or more chronic diseases. Alcohol use in the past month was reported in 29.4% of older adults; however, chronic disease status was not associated with alcohol use. Marijuana use and smoking in the past month were significant for older adults with two or more chronic diseases. Low income and less high school education were associated with chronic disease and smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Marijuana use and smoking were found to be significant in older adults with chronic disease, but not with alcohol use. Preventative measures such as screening tools, education, and providing resources to patients should be targeted to populations at risk to promote overall health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231193070"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0c/65/10.1177_22799036231193070.PMC10460272.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10109082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an integrative empowerment model to care for patients with schizophrenia disorder.","authors":"Dwi Indah Iswanti,&nbsp;Nursalam Nursalam,&nbsp;Rizki Fitryasari,&nbsp;Rian Kusuma Dewi","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The main factor that causes a family the inability to care for patients with schizophrenia disorder is inadequate family-centered empowerment. Nevertheless, the family-integrated empowerment model has not been developed yet. This study aims to develop a integrative empowerment model to care for patients with schizophrenia disorder.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>The mixed methods research design was divided into two stages. The first stage used a cross-sectional method with a questionnaire to 135 families who cared for patients with schizophrenia disorder using purposive sampling. Data analysis was obtained using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The second stage is a focused group discussion (FGD) conducted with six families, seven health workers, and six social workers, and discussions with two experts for model development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The integrative empowerment-based family empowerment model is developed from Outside-in empowerment (path coefficient = 0.309; <i>t</i> = 3.292) and Inside-out empowerment (path coefficient = 0.478; <i>t</i> = 4.850). Family factors is the most potent variable in shaping Inside-out empowerment (path coefficient = 0.217; <i>t</i> = 2.309). Moreover, re-meaning of caregiving is the strongest indicator that builds the Inside-out empowerment variable (<i>t</i> = 42.643). The value of <i>Q</i>² is 0.433 indicates that this model can be generalized, since 61% of family ability to provide care for schizophrenia patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Re-meaning of caregiving is the most potent indicator in shaping Inside-out empowerment, which is the strongest factor forming this model. Nurses assist families to be able to find activities that can generate positive meaning when caring for patients with schizophrenia disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":"12 3","pages":"22799036231197191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3a/9f/10.1177_22799036231197191.PMC10483982.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10225184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}