Linguistic Typology最新文献_第5页

Frontmatter Frontmatter

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2022-frontmatter1

引用次数: 0

Measuring and assessing indeterminacy and variation in the morphology-syntax distinction 测量和评估形态-句法区分的不确定性和变化

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2021-0041

Adam J. R. Tallman, Sandra Auderset

{"title":"Measuring and assessing indeterminacy and variation in the morphology-syntax distinction","authors":"Adam J. R. Tallman, Sandra Auderset","doi":"10.1515/lingty-2021-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2021-0041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We provide a discussion of some of the challenges in using statistical methods to investigate the morphology-syntax distinction cross-linguistically. The paper is structured around three problems related to the morphology-syntax distinction: (i) the boundary strength problem; (ii) the composition problem; (iii) the architectural problem. The boundary strength problem refers to the possibility that languages vary in terms of how distinct morphology and syntax are or the degree to which morphology is autonomous. The composition problem refers to the possibility that languages vary in terms of how they distinguish morphology and syntax: what types of properties distinguish the two systems. The architecture problem refers to the possibility that languages vary in terms of whether a global distinction between morphology and syntax is motivated at all and the possibility that languages might partition phenomena in different ways. This paper is concerned with providing an overarching review of the methodological problems involved in addressing these three issues. We illustrate the problems using three statistical methods: correlation matrices, random forests with different choices for the dependent variable, and hierarchical clustering with validation techniques.","PeriodicalId":45834,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic Typology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46318391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Jędrzejowski, Łukasz and Przemysław Staniewski: The linguistics of olfaction: Typological and diachronic approaches to synchronic diversity Jędrzejowski， Łukasz和Przemysław斯坦尼斯基:嗅觉语言学:共时多样性的类型学和历时性方法

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2021-0064

Thomas Poulton

引用次数: 3

A desmemic architecture for autotyp: a review article 一种用于自动打字的设计架构:一篇评论文章

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2022-2093

Adam J. R. Tallman

引用次数: 0

Zariquiey, Roberto, Masayoshi Shibatani and David W. Fleck: Nominalization in languages of the Americas Zariquiey, Roberto, Masayoshi Shibatani和David W. Fleck:《美洲语言中的名词化》

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2021-2092

Katharina katarˈina Haude ˈhawdɘ

引用次数: 0

Challenges of sampling and how phylogenetic comparative methods help: with a case study of the Pama-Nyungan laminal contrast 采样的挑战以及系统发育比较方法如何帮助：以Pama Nyungan薄层对比为例

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2021-0025

Jayden L. Macklin-Cordes, Erich R. Round

{"title":"Challenges of sampling and how phylogenetic comparative methods help: with a case study of the Pama-Nyungan laminal contrast","authors":"Jayden L. Macklin-Cordes, Erich R. Round","doi":"10.1515/lingty-2021-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2021-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Phylogenetic comparative methods are new in our field and are shrouded, for most linguists, in at least a little mystery. Yet the path that led to their discovery in comparative biology is so similar to the methodological history of balanced sampling, that it is only an accident of history that they were not discovered by a linguistic typologist. Here we clarify the essential logic behind phylogenetic comparative methods and their fundamental relatedness to a deep intellectual tradition focussed on sampling. Then we introduce concepts, methods and tools which will enable typologists to use these methods in everyday typological research. The key commonality of phylogenetic comparative methods and balanced sampling is that they attempt to deal with statistical non-independence due to genealogy. Whereas sampling can never achieve independence and requires most comparative data to be discarded, phylogenetic comparative methods achieve independence while retaining and using all comparative data. We discuss the essential notions of phylogenetic signal; uncertainty about trees; typological averages and proportions that are sensitive to genealogy; comparison across language families; and the effects of areality. Extensive supplementary materials illustrate computational tools for practical analysis and we illustrate the methods discussed with a typological case study of the laminal contrast in Pama-Nyungan.","PeriodicalId":45834,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic Typology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44435547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Object and handling handshapes in 11 sign languages: towards a typology of the iconic use of the hands 11种手语中的对象和处理手势：指向手的标志性使用的类型学

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2021-0026

Victoria Nyst, Marta Morgado, Timothy Mac Hadjah, M. Nyarko, Mariana Martins, Lisa van der Mark, Evans Burichani, Tano Angoua, Moustapha Magassouba, Dieydi Sylla, Kidane Admasu, A. Schüller

{"title":"Object and handling handshapes in 11 sign languages: towards a typology of the iconic use of the hands","authors":"Victoria Nyst, Marta Morgado, Timothy Mac Hadjah, M. Nyarko, Mariana Martins, Lisa van der Mark, Evans Burichani, Tano Angoua, Moustapha Magassouba, Dieydi Sylla, Kidane Admasu, A. Schüller","doi":"10.1515/lingty-2021-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2021-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article looks at cross-linguistic variation in lexical iconicity, addressing the question of to what extent and how this variation is patterned. More than in spoken languages, iconicity is highly frequent in the lexicons of sign languages. It is also highly complex, in that often multiple motivated components jointly shape an iconic lexeme. Recent typological research on spoken languages finds tentative iconic patterning in a large number of basic lexical items, underlining once again the significance of iconicity for human language. The uncontested and widespread use of iconicity found in the lexicons of sign languages enables us to take typological research into lexical iconicity to the next level. Indeed, previous studies have shown cross-linguistic variation in: a) the use of embodying and handling handshapes in sign languages (mostly of European origin) and b) the frequency of space-based size depiction in African and European sign languages. The two types of variation may be interrelated, as handling handshapes may use space-based size depiction. In this study, we first replicate earlier studies on the distribution of embodying and handling handshapes, this time in a data set consisting of a relatively large set of sign languages (n = 11), most of which are used in Africa. The results confirm significant variation across these sign languages. These findings are then compared to the use of space-based size depiction, revealing that these patterns independently from the distribution of embodying/handling handshapes. We argue that the results call for expanding typological studies on representational strategies in iconic signs beyond the now relatively well studied instrument/manipulation alternation. Fine-grained analyses on a multitude of iconic features in signs are likely to reveal cross-linguistic variation in iconic tendencies in SL lexicons.","PeriodicalId":45834,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic Typology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42288378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Towards a typology of middle voice systems 走向中间语音系统的类型学

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2020-0131

G. Inglese

引用次数: 14

Statistical bias control in typology 类型学中的统计偏差控制

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2021-0002

Matías Guzmán Naranjo, Laura Becker

{"title":"Statistical bias control in typology","authors":"Matías Guzmán Naranjo, Laura Becker","doi":"10.1515/lingty-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we propose two new statistical controls for genealogical and areal bias in typological samples. Our test case being the effect of VO-order effect on affix position (prefixation vs. suffixation), we show how statistical modeling including a phylogenetic regression term (phylogenetic control) and a two-dimensional Gaussian Process (areal control) can be used to capture genealogical and areal effects in a large but unbalanced sample. We find that, once these biases are controlled for, VO-order has no effect on affix position. Another important finding, which is in line with previous studies, is that areal effects are as important as genealogical effects, emphasizing the importance of areal or contact control in typological studies built on language samples. On the other hand, we also show that strict probability sampling is not required with the statistical controls that we propose, as long as the sample is a variety sample large enough to cover different areas and families. This has the crucial practical consequence that it allows us to include as much of the available information as possible, without the need to artificially restrict the sample and potentially lose otherwise available information.","PeriodicalId":45834,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic Typology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41789295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

IF 2 2区文学

Linguistic Typology Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/lingty-2020-0134

J. Yliniemi

{"title":"Similarity of mirative and contrastive focus: three parameters for describing attention markers","authors":"J. Yliniemi","doi":"10.1515/lingty-2020-0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2020-0134","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article addresses the heretofore unacknowledged similarity of mirative-like and contrastive-focus-like functions by describing data from Denjongke (Tibetic, sip), Bih (Chamic, Vietnam, ibh) and Nepali (Indo-Aryan, nep). The similarity between mirative-like and contrastive-focus-like functions in the aforementioned languages is captured by the notion of something being brought to the forefront of attention. Mirative-like semantics are shown to be epiphenomenal to attention-oriented phenomena, and the functional domain in which the morphemes operate is shown to be attention rather than knowledge structure. The morphemes in the study are described in terms of three parameters, which are put forward as potentially useful tools for describing similar morphemes in other languages: speaker versus addressee orientation, clausal versus phrasal scope, and anaphoric versus cataphoric use. The first two parameters form a fourfold table in which the heuristically named “mirative-like function” has clausal scope and is speaker-oriented (i.e. speaker signals that something has come to the forefront of their attention). “Contrastive-focus-like function”, on the other hand, has phrasal scope and is addressee-oriented (i.e. speaker intends to bring something to the forefront of the addressee’s attention). Cognitively, contrastive-focus-like function is shown to establish joint attention.","PeriodicalId":45834,"journal":{"name":"Linguistic Typology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49545611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2