Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa最新文献

{"title":"The scarcity slot: excavating histories of food security in Ghana","authors":"J. Casey","doi":"10.1080/0067270x.2021.1939953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2021.1939953","url":null,"abstract":"representation of the multiple experiences of loss to the Atlantic exchange’ (p. 235). The pantheon of deities on both side of the Atlantic preserves traces of this tumult: Orí, deity of individuality, becomes increasingly important and female-centred cults protest the decline of matricentric authority (pp. 308–309, 350). And although the ilé continued to be the basic organisational unit and to define citizenship, it was no longer rooted in place. Instead, it was dispersed within an intensely mobile and integrated regional landscape and, with the massive region-wide demographic breakup and displacement of the nineteenth century, became increasingly heterogeneous. This book is daring in scope and ambition and takes to task canonical stories of Yorùbá history. It is engaging and crosses datasets, making the case for a study of the deeper past that goes beyond the information offered by recent historical texts and the often-sober archaeological data. In this, Akin Ogundiran has written a book to be warmly welcomed by archaeologists.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88845350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The end of a long journey. Tumulus burials in Gran Canaria (Canary Islands) in the second half of the first millennium AD","authors":"V. Alberto-Barroso, J. Velasco-Vázquez, T. Delgado-Darias, Marco A. Moreno-Benítez","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1960674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1960674","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper addresses the study of tumulus necropolises among the pre-Hispanic population of Gran Canaria. In this first characterisation, their emergence is contextualised in the social framework of the ancient Canarians and historical links with the North African sphere are proposed. Published radiocarbon determinations for the tumulus phenomenon of the first millennium AD on the continent have been reviewed and a Bayesian model has been created to estimate the onset and later tempo of this cultural expression on the island and its relationship with the African context. The tempo plot technique has also been used to examine the temporal activity pattern of tumulus necropolises in Gran Canaria. The results show that it was a late phenomenon, basically constrained to the eighth to eleventh centuries AD, and that it therefore represents a break with previous funerary practices. To explain these circumstances, the chronological data are related to the available archaeological and genetic information. They point to a complex process of endogenous social change, probably accelerated by external influences inserted within regional dynamics on the African mainland. It is proposed that tumulus monuments in Gran Canaria were the insular expression of this continental phenomenon that reached the island by the hand of people different from those who were the protagonists of the island’s first settlement event.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78099592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHD Abstract","authors":"Sean W. Hixon","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1962102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1962102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74902094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape-scale perspectives on Stone Age behavioural change from the Tankwa Karoo, South Africa","authors":"E. Hallinan","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1960675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1960675","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Southern Africa is an ecologically highly varied region, yet many generalisations about past human behaviour are drawn from rock shelter sites in coastal and montane Fynbos Biome environments. The Tankwa Karoo region offers the opportunity to extend our archaeological knowledge from the well-researched Western Cape into the arid interior Karoo in order to better capture behavioural variability and identify specific adaptations to more marginal conditions. This research presents the results of off-site surveys in the Tankwa Karoo, which spans the Cape to Karoo transition, mapping surface stone artefacts from the Earlier and Middle Stone Ages. The observed patterns in landscape use and lithic technology for each time-period were tested against a set of expectations based on previous research in the Western Cape and the Upper Karoo. The results indicate that in the Earlier Stone Age the most arid parts of the Tankwa Karoo saw only ephemeral use, with the better-watered mountain fringes preferred. In contrast, various strategies in the Middle Stone Age allowed groups to occupy these marginal parts of the landscape, including new kinds of technological behaviour suggestive of specific adaptations to this environment.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75170558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring arrow poisons from Windvogel’s Country, Eastern Cape, South Africa: a discussion between Piet Windvogel and William Atherstone on 6 February 1846","authors":"I. Parsons, M. Lombard","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1960676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1960676","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Some 170 years ago Piet Windvogel told William Atherstone about two plant-based arrow poisons prepared and used by Khoe-San living west of the Great Kei River in the modern-day Eastern Cape interior of South Africa. Atherstone’s interest in botany and in indigenous knowledge of local plant species fed into colonial intellectual networks, as well as imperialist concerns with scientific and/or economic profit. Yet his diarised record of Windvogel’s accounts has prompted us to compile a list of potential arrow poisons for a region where such ethnohistorical information is comparatively sparse. We have narrowed these down to the most likely botanical species used in Windvogel’s poison recipes: Prunus africana or rooistinkhout for the manufacture of t’ghee poison and perhaps Euphorbia mauritanica or gifmelkbos for taah poison, although species such as Acokanthera oppositifolia or gifboom, Asclepias fruticosa or melkbos and Carissa macrocarpa or the grootnoem-noem also merit consideration.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84948209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical ceramics for salt production in Western Sahara","authors":"David Larreina-García, A. Saenz de Buruaga, Andoni Tarriño Vinagre, B. Notario","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1966213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1966213","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents evidence of ceramic technology in western Tiris (Western Sahara), dated by thermoluminescence to the third millennium cal. BP. Western Tiris is an arid region mostly covered by desert where recent archaeological fieldwork has nevertheless revealed a significant network of settlements from the Neolithic period inhabited by nomadic people. Domestic pottery and lithic materials are common in the archaeological register of these sites, but three sherds found in the Lejuad XVII rockshelter present features typical of technical ceramics. Laboratory analyses reveal that abundant mineral and organic temper was added to the natural clay which, in addition to the presence of thicker walls than those usually found in domestic pottery, is interpreted as an attempt to increase resistance to thermal shocks. However, the fragments present only mild signals of exposure to high temperatures, up to a maximum of 900 °C. Discussion of these contradictory data leads to the conclusion that the sherds may have been part of a briquetage mould to extract salt by evaporation, a pyrotechnical industry previously unknown in Western Sahara. Its appearance in an arid environment far from production centres is explained as result of sporadic economic activity rather than cross-cultural mobility and trading, which seems to have been intense in the area from Neolithic times. In addition, this paper introduces the use of micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) as a technique for measuring large porosity derived from burned organic materials.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75912748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reclaiming Great Zimbabwe: progressive or regressive decoloniality?","authors":"J. Fontein","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1957274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1957274","url":null,"abstract":"Someone once commented (I don’t remember who) that they were amazed that there were still new books to write about Great Zimbabwe, given how much was already published. At the time, as I was writing The Silence of Great Zimbabwe (Fontein 2006), what amazed me was that no one had written that book already. As Terence Ranger commented at its launch, it was such a simple idea to research ‘local’ contested histories of Great Zimbabwe from the perspectives of people living around the site along with the long processes through which they had been marginalised from its historiography and its management: from the ‘Zimbabwe Controversy’ of the early twentieth century through the professionalisation of archaeology that followed and, still later, of heritage practices after independence in 1980. Why hadn’t these histories been researched years or even decades before? And why hadn’t Zimbabwean scholars written it? This is not to say that there was not excellent archaeological and historical work being written by Zimbabwean scholars. Far from it, in fact. Books by Pikirayi (2001), Pwiti (1996a) and Matenga (1998) shone out as examples of archaeological and heritage publications at the time that illustrated the sophistication of Zimbabwean archaeology and its emerging focus on these issues. I read these books intensively and their authors were tremendously helpful to me, then a fledging PhD student, as I got to grips with fieldwork. And yet, with the exception of Sinamai (1998), Pwiti (1996b; Pwiti and Ndoro 1999) and Ndoro (2001, although much of that doctoral thesis derived from others’ unpublished work) far too little had been published, at that stage, about Great Zimbabwe’s significance for the communities living around it, its place in contested ‘local’ histories, meanings, practices and values, the complex historical and archaeological processes that had excluded these stories from its historiography and management or, for that matter, about its place in anti-colonial nationalist and post-colonial ideologies, discourses and imaginaries. Not anymore. Since the early 2000s Zimbabwean archaeology and heritage studies, as well as studies of pre-colonial history, have continued to expand, now rightly dominated by Zimbabwean scholars. As a result, archaeological and historical debates have moved","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89427759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Art rupestre et patrimoine mondial en Afrique subsaharienne","authors":"R. Vernet","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1927580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1927580","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83817308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Yorùbá: a new history","authors":"A. Haour","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1914419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1914419","url":null,"abstract":"In this book, Akin Ogundiran, an anthropologically informed archaeologist of rare insight and thoughtfulness, sets out to describe the Yoruba experience over 2000 years, combining archaeological, o...","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77988257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prehistory of the Sudan","authors":"G. Lucarini","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2021.1909913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2021.1909913","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79647961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}