{"title":"Slavery in Africa: the spoken subject","authors":"A. Stahl","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1826701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1826701","url":null,"abstract":"As exemplified by the contributions to this special issue of Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, recent decades have seen the topic of slavery in Africa transition from what Mbembe (2001: 21...","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":"528 - 539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76284861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revil John Mason, 10 February 1929–23 August 2020","authors":"Simon Hall","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1834217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1834217","url":null,"abstract":"Revil Mason was born in Johannesburg, matriculated from St John’s College and in the late 1940s excelled in obtaining a first degree in commerce from the University of the Witwatersrand. Revil’s ar...","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"73 1","pages":"540 - 541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88797204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henriette Rødland, S. Wynne-Jones, Marilee Wood, J. Fleisher
{"title":"No such thing as invisible people: toward an archaeology of slavery at the fifteenth-century Swahili site of Songo Mnara","authors":"Henriette Rødland, S. Wynne-Jones, Marilee Wood, J. Fleisher","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1841978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1841978","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper seeks to challenge the notion of the invisible slave in the archaeological record and investigates the way in which material culture may reflect the movements and practices of enslaved labourers on the East African Swahili coast. Archaeological approaches to enslavement have revealed the nuanced and complex experiences of a group of people often under-represented or absent in historical records, while also grappling with the challenges presented by the ambiguity of the material evidence. This paper presents a case study from the fifteenth-century Swahili site of Songo Mnara in Tanzania, an architecturally and materially wealthy stone town in the Kilwa archipelago. It focuses on the context, use, and spread of beads across the site, and considers the possibility of interpreting some classes — such as locally made terracotta beads — as proxies for the underclass and enslaved in an otherwise wealthy settlement. It presents a key study towards the aim of building a highly necessary methodology for the archaeology of slavery in East Africa and beyond, and suggests that certain types of material culture might be used to explore the activities of enslaved and/or underclass individuals.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"598 1","pages":"439 - 457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77337029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why forget us? Developing the Three-Town enslaved relics as alternative sites of commemoration in southeastern Ghana","authors":"W. Apoh","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1841964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1841964","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper examines preliminary research findings emanating from investigations carried out on the marginalised landscapes and relics of slavery in the Three-Town area of southeastern Ghana. It discusses the politics of exclusion being practised in the choice of histories and sites of enslavement for annual commemorative events in Ghana. The popular knowledge that the trade in humans occurred mostly at Cape Coast and Elmina Castles in the Central Region of Ghana has skewed development and commemorative activities such as Emancipation, PANAFEST and Year of Return programmes toward these exclusive sites of reverence. Lack of attention to the Three-Town sites and other sites of enslavement and their relics by government institutions has exacerbated their exclusion from public discourse and heritage development. This paper questions this indifference by highlighting the tangible and intangible imprints of trans-Atlantic slavery and enslavement on the histories, landscapes and memories of the Somey-Ewe people of Three-Town. It underscores the need — and the ongoing quest by archaeologists — to develop the Three-Town enslaved relics as important enslaved heritage resources and complementary sites of reverence in southeastern Ghana.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"14 1","pages":"458 - 474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85304503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Bushman’ bandits of the eastern borderlands: The rock art of raiders in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries","authors":"Brent Sinclair-Thomson","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1830603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1830603","url":null,"abstract":"This thesis focuses on rock art that was created in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa during the colonial period. It is possible to date the images by what is depicted — muskets, hats and h...","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"11 1","pages":"547 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75496960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Runaway slaves, rock art and resistance in the Cape Colony, South Africa","authors":"Brent Sinclair-Thomson, Sam Challis","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1841979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1841979","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The protracted colonisation of southern Africa's Cape created conditions of extreme prejudice and violence. Slaves, the unwilling migrants to the Cape, comprised a mixed group of individuals from the Dutch and British colonies: people with Malay, Malagasy, East and West African heritages. They combined to form the labour force for the colonial project, along with indigenous Khoe-San trafficked within an illegal domestic unfree labour economy. Escaped or ‘runaway’ slaves joined forces with groups of ‘skelmbasters’ (mixed outlaws), who themselves were descended from San-, Khoe- and Bantu-speaking Africans (hunter-gatherers, herders and farmers). Together, they mounted a stiff resistance that held up the colonial advance for many decades from the late eighteenth century until the mid-nineteenth century. Engaging in guerilla-style warfare, they raided colonial farms for livestock, horses and guns. The ethnogenesis of such raiding bands is increasingly coming to the attention of archaeologists encountering the images they made of themselves in rock shelters, as well as the spiritual beliefs that they held in connection with escape and protection. The ‘reverse’ or ‘entangled gaze’ provided by this painted record gives us the perfect opportunity to view something of the slave and indigenous resistance from outside the texts of the colonial written record.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"16 1","pages":"475 - 491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84507461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Burials, migration, and identity in the ancient Sahara and beyond","authors":"Michael Brass","doi":"10.1080/0067270X.2020.1819692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2020.1819692","url":null,"abstract":"In what is fast becoming a seminal series of publications, this, the second in a planned sequence of four volumes, arose from two projects in the Libyan region of Fazzan: The Desert Migrations Proj...","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"52 1","pages":"140 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89923644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prehistoric stone tools of eastern Africa: a guide","authors":"Steven T. Goldstein","doi":"10.1080/0067270x.2020.1804727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2020.1804727","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing big questions in African archaeology increasingly requires integrating datasets from many different regions, countries and time-periods. Thinking about human origins, migrations, subsist...","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"11 1","pages":"544 - 546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74281535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Huffman, G. Whitelaw, J. Tarduno, M. Watkeys, S. Woodborne
{"title":"The Rhino Early Iron Age site, Thabazimbi, South Africa","authors":"T. Huffman, G. Whitelaw, J. Tarduno, M. Watkeys, S. Woodborne","doi":"10.1080/0067270x.2020.1792196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2020.1792196","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Rhino Early Iron Age site near Thabazimbi in the far north of South Africa is a sixth- to eighth-century AD example of an agricultural settlement that followed the principles of the Central Cattle Pattern. In addition to settlement features, salvage excavations yielded a fragment of a ‘Lydenburg Head’ in association with Happy Rest pottery. Together with other data, head sculptures appear to be a Kalundu Tradition trait. The head, long-term occupation and settlement extent show that Rhino was a chief’s headquarters. The Happy Rest assemblage provides an example of interaction with different Bantu-speaking people in the region who made Mzonjani pottery, while Later Stone Age scrapers attest to interaction with hunter-gatherers. Magnetic measurements led to a re-evaluation of archaeological interpretations of the site and show the mutual benefit of the joint study.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"26 1","pages":"360 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87398141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of human skeletal remains from the Penhalonga district, Zimbabwe","authors":"M. Steyn, A. Meyer","doi":"10.1080/0067270x.2020.1792199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2020.1792199","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Nyanga complex is situated in the Penhalonga district of Manicaland province in northern Zimbabwe. According to various archival and modern sources, six skeletons were discovered in this region in the 1930s and are supposedly curated in the Raymond A. Dart Collection of Archaeological Humans Remains at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. In an attempt to locate these skeletons and associate them with the sites, archival records, skeletal and faunal analyses and radiocarbon dating were used to gain more information on the bioarchaeology of the region. Only three of the skeletons could be located in the Dart Collection, two of which could be reliably radiocarbon dated, one from the Hill of Paintings to before the beginning of the Nyanga complex, the other, from Mkondwe, to most probably contemporary with it. The latter shows evidence of dental modification similar to that seen in individuals recovered from the Monk’s Kop site, situated to the north of Zimbabwe. This study forms part of a larger attempt to bring context to skeletons housed in archaeological collections because of their value as sources of information on the past.","PeriodicalId":45689,"journal":{"name":"Azania-Archaeological Research in Africa","volume":"64 1","pages":"389 - 413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79997664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}