Journal of Ultrasonography最新文献

{"title":"A rare case of an intraneural ganglion cyst of the median nerve.","authors":"Sisith Ariyaratne,&nbsp;Gora Pathak,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Iyengar,&nbsp;Rajesh Botchu,&nbsp;Amit Shah","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0025","DOIUrl":"10.15557/jou.2023.0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Intraneural ganglion cysts are a relatively uncommon type of ganglion cyst that can affect peripheral nerves. They are particularly rare in the upper limb, and even more so in the median nerve, with the vast majority of them occurring in the peroneal nerves. This paper aims to make the reader aware of this relatively uncommon condition.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report a case of a 41-year-old male who presented with a gradually progressing mass on the volar aspect of the wrist extending to the index finger. The nonspecific presentation as well as the rarity of the condition may make diagnosis challenging. The patient was referred for surgical management under a specialist peripheral nerve hand surgeon.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging as well as awareness of the typical imaging features of this entity are crucial in making the correct diagnosis as well as excluding other potential considerations such as neoplasm.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 94","pages":"e161-e164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/79/08/jou-23-94-jou.2023.0025.PMC10494806.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10228381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-guided median nerve hydrodissection of pronator teres syndrome: a case report and a literature review.","authors":"Parham Shojaie,&nbsp;Rajesh Botchu,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Iyengar,&nbsp;Elena Drakonaki,&nbsp;Gaurav Kant Sharma","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0026","DOIUrl":"10.15557/jou.2023.0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To describe the sonographic appearance of pronator teres syndrome and the role of ultrasound-guided hydrodissection for its management.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>Pronator teres syndrome is a well-known compressive neuropathy of the median nerve between the two heads of pronator teres. However, the clinical presentation of this syndrome can be indolent with vague pain at the proximal volar forearm leading to a delay in diagnosis. We describe our experience in the management of pronator teres syndrome in a healthy young badminton player with ultrasound-guided median nerve hydrodissection. We highlight the clinical presentation, the role of dynamic Ultrasound scan (USS) in the diagnosis and effective treatment of pronator teres syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, managing PTS can be challenging, and this case highlights the importance of ultrasound-guided hydrodissection, when conservative measures have failed to improve the symptoms. Further studies are required to assess and compare the long-term outcomes of these interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 94","pages":"e165-e169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ee/6c/jou-23-94-jou.2023.0026.PMC10494808.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10228376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound of the plantar foot: a guide for the assessment of plantar intrinsic muscles.","authors":"Federico Zaottini,&nbsp;Riccardo Picasso,&nbsp;Federico Pistoia,&nbsp;Maribel Miguel Perez,&nbsp;Deborah Bianco,&nbsp;Rinaldi Simone,&nbsp;Gabriele Rossi,&nbsp;Marta Macciò,&nbsp;Michelle Pansecchi,&nbsp;Luca Tovt,&nbsp;Carlo Martinoli","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2023.0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plantar intrinsic muscles play a pivotal role in posture control and gait dynamics. They help maintain the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot, and they regulate the degree and velocity of arch deformation during walking or running. Consequently, pathologies affecting the plantar intrinsic muscles (for instance, acquired and inherited neuropathies) lead to foot deformity, gait disorders, and painful syndromes. Intrinsic muscle malfunctioning is also associated with multifactorial overuse or degenerative conditions such as pes planus, hallux valgus, and plantar fasciitis. As the clinical examination of each intrinsic muscle is challenging, ultrasound is gaining a growing interest as an imaging tool to investigate the trophism of these muscular structures and the pattern of their alterations, and potentially to follow up on the effects of dedicated rehabilitation protocols. The ten plantar intrinsic muscles can be dived into three groups (medial, central and lateral) and four layers. Here, we propose a regional and landmark-based approach to the complex sonoanatomy of the plantar intrinsic muscles in order to facilitate the correct identification of each muscle from the superficial to the deepest layer. We also summarize the pathological ultrasound findings that can be encountered when scanning the plantar muscles, pointing out the patterns of alterations specific to certain conditions, such as plantar nerves mononeuropathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 94","pages":"e151-e160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b0/67/jou-23-94-jou.2023.0024.PMC10508328.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41151799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound of the palmar aspect of the hand: normal anatomy and clinical applications of intrinsic muscles imaging.","authors":"Riccardo Picasso,&nbsp;Federico Zaottini,&nbsp;Federico Pistoia,&nbsp;Maribel Miguel Perez,&nbsp;Marta Macciò,&nbsp;Deborah Bianco,&nbsp;Simone Rinaldi,&nbsp;Michelle Pansecchi,&nbsp;Gabriele Rossi,&nbsp;Luca Tovt,&nbsp;Carlo Martinoli","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2023.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrinsic hand muscles play a fundamental role in tuning the fine motricity of the hand and may be affected by several pathologic conditions, including traumatic injuries, atrophic changes induced by denervation, and space-occupying masses. Modern hand surgery techniques allow to target several hand muscle pathologies and, as a direct consequence, requests for hand imaging now carry increasingly complex diagnostic questions. The progressive refinement of ultrasound technology and the current availability of high and ultra-high frequency linear transducers that allow the investigation of intrinsic hand muscles and tendons with incomparable resolution have made this modality an essential tool for the evaluation of pathological processes involving these tiny structures. Indeed, intrinsic hand muscles lie in a superficial position and are amenable to investigation by means of transducers with frequency bands superior to 20 MHz, offering clear advantages in terms of resolution and costs compared to magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, ultrasound allows to perform dynamic maneuvers that can critically enhance its diagnostic power, by examining the questioned structure during stress tests that simulate the conditions eliciting clinical symptoms. The present article aims to review the anatomy, the ultrasound scanning technique, and the clinical application of thenar, hypothenar, lumbricals and interossei muscles imaging, also showing some examples of pathology involving these structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 94","pages":"e122-e130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/77/c2/jou-23-94-jou.2023.0021.PMC10508329.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41143211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonographic assessment of the tarsal tunnel compared to cadaveric findings: a pictorial study.","authors":"Nežka Harej,&nbsp;Vladka Salapura,&nbsp;Erika Cvetko,&nbsp;Žiga Snoj","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0023","DOIUrl":"10.15557/jou.2023.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To present the anatomy of the tarsal tunnel and demonstrate the utility of high-resolution ultrasound for tarsal tunnel examination.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Anatomical dissection was performed on a defrosted cadaveric model to demonstrate relevant anatomical structures of the tarsal tunnel, namely tendons, vessels and nerves. The tibial nerve division was demonstrated; the bifurcation of the tibial nerve into the medial and lateral plantar nerve, two medial calcaneal nerve branches were identified originating from the tibial nerve and the Baxter's nerve was identified as the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve. An ultrasound examination of the tarsal tunnel region was performed on a healthy volunteer. A linear probe was used and sonographic images were obtained at different levels of the tarsal tunnel: the proximal tarsal tunnel, the tibial nerve division into the medial and lateral plantar nerves, the distal tarsal tunnel, the Baxter's nerve branching point and the Baxter's nerve crossing between the abductor hallucis and quadratus plantae muscle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sonographic images were correlated with anatomical structures exposed during cadaveric dissection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We presented the anatomic-sonographic correlation of the tarsal tunnel and showed that high-resolution ultrasound is a useful imaging modality for tarsal tunnel assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 94","pages":"e144-e150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b0/39/jou-23-94-jou.2023.0023.PMC10494809.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10233821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound and MRI of the foot in children and adolescents newly diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.","authors":"Magdalena Posadzy,&nbsp;Monika Ostrowska,&nbsp;Emil Michalski,&nbsp;Piotr Gietka,&nbsp;Małgorzata Mańczak,&nbsp;Michał Lanckoroński,&nbsp;Marek Leszkiewicz,&nbsp;Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2023.0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the spectrum of inflammatory features in foot joints which may be detected on routinely performed ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children newly diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Two groups of children hospitalized in a reference center for rheumatology, newly diagnosed with JIA and suspected of foot involvement in the course of JIA were included in this retrospective study. In the first group of 47 patients aged 1-18 years, the imaging was restricted to US. The second group of 22 patients aged 5-18 years underwent only non-contrast MRI of the foot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequent pathologies seen on US included effusion and synovial thickening in the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP1), followed by the tibiotalar joint. Synovial hyperemia on color Doppler US images was present most frequently in the Chopart and midtarsal joints (64%; 7/11 cases), followed by the tibiotalar joint (45%; 5/11), and MTP2-5 joint synovitis (40%; 4/10). Grade 3 hyperemia was present only in four cases; grades 1 and 2 were detected in the majority of cases. On MRI, bone marrow edema was the most frequent pathology, found mostly in the calcaneus (45%; 10/22 cases), while alterations of the forefoot were rare. No cases of bursitis, enthesitis, cysts, erosions or ankylosis were diagnosed in either of the analyzed groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Routine US of the foot is recommended for early detection of its involvement in JIA in daily clinical practice. Although MRI can identify features of various JIA stages, it is particularly useful for the detection of bone marrow alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 94","pages":"e106-e113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/96/jou-23-94-jou.2023.0019.PMC10494807.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10228379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of conventional Doppler imaging techniques and superb microvascular imaging in determination of vascularization in undescended testes.","authors":"Fatih Ates,&nbsp;Mesut Sivri,&nbsp;Mehmet Sedat Durmaz,&nbsp;Tamer Sekmenli,&nbsp;Metin Gunduz,&nbsp;Ilhan Ciftci","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2023.0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Our aim was to gain an idea about testicular injury by comparing the reduced volume, which is one of the indirect indicators of testicular damage in undescended testes, and by evaluating the reduced microvascular blood flow by superb microvascular imaging, and also to determine whether superb microvascular imaging modes could detect microvascular blood flow in more detail in the decreased volume of undescended testes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We compared testicular blood flow in undescended testes via conventional Doppler imaging, color superb microvascular imaging, and monochrome superb microvascular imaging techniques with contralateral normally located testis and normal control group. Each sample of testicular tissue was evaluated using a qualitative method. Spot color encoding and linear flow color encoding counts determined in testicular parenchyma were counted separately and expressed as numerical data. The localization of the examined testes in the grayscale was noted (proximal inguinal canal, medial inguinal canal, distal inguinal canal, and scrotal). The volume of undescended testes was calculated automatically via a formula for volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Monochrome superb microvascular imaging is significantly superior in visualizing the vascularity of undescended testes compared with color Doppler, power Doppler and color superb microvascular imaging (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Also, undescended testes have a significantly lower blood flow compared with contralateral normal testes (<i>p</i> = 0.001). The volume of undescended testes was significantly lower than the contralateral normal testes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The volume, structure and blood flow are indirect signs of testicular damage in undescended testes. Monochrome superb microvascular imaging can detect vascularity in undescended testes better than the conventional Doppler imaging technique and color superb microvascular imaging. Based on our findings, we can report that monochrome superb microvascular imaging can be used to evaluate testicular injury and vascularity of undescended testes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 93","pages":"e66-e72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/e8/jou-23-93-jou.2023.0013.PMC10379854.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9922004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxillofacial inflammations visualized with ultrasonography. Description of the imaging features and literature review based on a characteristic case series.","authors":"Antigoni Delantoni,&nbsp;Apostolos Sarafopoulos,&nbsp;Natalia Giannouli,&nbsp;Vasileios Rafailidis","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2023.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Inflammations of the maxillofacial regions are a frequent occurrence. They areusually of odontogenic origin, but maxillofacial swelling could also have non-odontogenic causes. Their clinical presentation is worrisome for the patient, presenting as swellings of the region with rapid and significant expansion to adjacent areas due to the thin and delicate nature of the regional soft tissues.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The characteristic features are discussed upon the presentation of a case series of the most common types of inflammation seen in the region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In most hospital emergency departments, ultrasound scanning is readily accessible, and typically constitutes the first-line imaging modality for this entity. Nevertheless, the role of ultrasound imaging is limited in cases with deep extension of the inflammation, where cross-sectional imaging with CT or MRI will be the modality of choice. This manuscript aims to present the characteristic features of various inflammatory conditions of the maxillofacial area seen on ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even though maxillofacial inflammations are often treated without imaging in their initial phase, ultrasound can provide aninexpensive, easy-to-use, and readily available alternative that best visualizes the characteristics and expansion patterns of the lesions, based on their origin and area of initial presentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 93","pages":"e80-e89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c6/16/jou-23-93-jou.2023.0015.PMC10379848.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10267833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief review of diagnostic properties of point-of-care ultrasound for adult bowel intussusception: Making the case for ultrasound.","authors":"David G Tempel,&nbsp;Daniel S Balk,&nbsp;Jesse M Schafer,&nbsp;Beatrice Hoffmann","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2023.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Undifferentiated abdominal pain in adults is a common chief complaint in acute care clinics and emergency departments worldwide, representing up to 10% of visits to emergency departments. Many patients have a non-specific presentation and an initial workup with labwork, urine analysis or X-ray might not reveal a specific diagnosis. Although bowel intussusception is a primarily pediatric disease, adult intussusception is a recognized but rare cause of bowel obstruction often requiring surgical intervention. However, recent data from advanced multi-detector computed tomography imaging shows that milder or recurring cases in adults have been underrecognized. Multi-detector computed tomography is still the imaging gold standard for detecting intussusception in adults, but new data showed that sonographers with basic training using the point-of-care ultrasound approach have a reasonable accuracy in detecting this pathology. As the point-of-care ultrasound for undifferentiated abdominal pain is an emerging core skill in the acute care setting, knowledge of sonographic signs of intestinal intussusception should be included in the skill set of physicians. Sonographic findings in adults mimic pediatric cases, but different location patterns and higher malignancy rates exist in adults. In this manuscript, we will review the current literature on adult intussusception and summarize key knowledge of intestinal intussusception in adults. We will present four adult patients diagnosed with different types of adult acute bowel intussusception using the point-of-care ultrasound and describe a focused scanning approach with typical sonographic findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 93","pages":"e90-e96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5d/2a/jou-23-93-jou.2023.0016.PMC10379853.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10267379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portal vein congestion index in patients with and without chronic liver disease.","authors":"Oghenetejiri Denise Ogholoh,&nbsp;Akintunde Oluwaseunayo Zaccheus,&nbsp;Joyce Ekeme Ikubor,&nbsp;Nkem Nnenna Nwafor,&nbsp;Bukunmi Michael Idowu,&nbsp;Gregory Iremhien Ogholoh","doi":"10.15557/jou.2023.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2023.0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Portal vein congestion index has shown promise in detecting early portal venous hemodynamic changes in chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to compare the portal vein congestion index of adult patients with chronic liver disease to that of healthy controls, and to evaluate the differences in portal vein congestion index, if any, between the common etiologies of chronic liver disease (chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease).</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>Eighty participants with chronic liver disease and 80 healthy controls had their sociodemographic variables, anthropometric indices, liver size/echotexture, spleen size, presence of ascites, and portal vein parameters (diameter, cross-sectional area, velocity, and congestion index) evaluated. <i>P</i> ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 48 (60%) males and 32 (40%) females in the control group, while 56 (70%) males and 24 (30%) females were included in the chronic liver disease group (<i>p</i> = 0.185). Of the eighty people with chronic liver disease, 57 (71.2%) were diagnosed with alcoholic liver disease, while 23 (28.8%) were diagnosed with chronic viral hepatitis. There were no cases of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease during the study period. The mean liver spans of the control and chronic liver disease groups were 13.45 ± 0.85 cm and 16.50 ± 4.96 cm, respectively. All the controls had normal hepatic parenchymal echogenicity, while 45 (56.3%) subjects with chronic liver disease (36 alcoholic liver disease and 9 chronic viral hepatitis) had increased hepatic echogenicity. The mean values of the portal vein congestion index for the control and chronic liver disease groups were 0.0775 ± 0.02 cm/sec and 0.1037 ± 0.03 cm/sec, respectively (<i>p</i> <0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The chronic liver disease group showed a significantly higher mean portal vein congestion index than the control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":45612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasonography","volume":"23 93","pages":"e53-e60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/99/jou-23-93-jou.2023.0011.PMC10379837.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9922005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}