African Journal of Disability最新文献

{"title":"Seeing the human behind the research: Strengthening emerging African disability researchers.","authors":"Michelle Botha, Chioma Ohajunwa","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1494","DOIUrl":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A pre-conference workshop that investigated the experiences and needs of PhD candidates and early career researchers in disability studies in Africa was held as part of the proceedings of the African Network for Evidence to Action in Disability (AfriNEAD) 7th Conference in November 2023.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine how the existing structures in AfriINEAD can be leveraged to support emerging African disability researchers. This article documents this event and summarises the key findings from the discussions that took place.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The workshop included presentations from leading scholars in health professions education, panel discussions with PhD candidates and early career researchers, and small group discussions on what is needed to support emerging researchers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Disability studies was positioned by participants as not only an academic exercise but also a deeply personal pursuit, requiring introspection and conscientisation, with which they felt they needed support. There are also specific ethical concerns related to doing research work with persons with disabilities, which need to be prioritised in postgraduate education in disability studies. The needs identified by participants are summarised as: (1) mentorship, (2) networking, and (3) funding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We suggest that the development of African disability scholars and scholarship requires an African ethical approach, which prioritises humanity, community and reciprocity.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>African disability studies scholars are well-placed to disrupt ableism in academic, medical and social spheres, as well as hierarchies within academia, which limit development, mutual growth and respect.</p>","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare transition practices of occupational therapists in South African public healthcare.","authors":"Ilhaam Hoosen, Fiona Breytenbach, Janine van der Linde","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1413","DOIUrl":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare transition (HCT), the process of transitioning an adolescent from paediatric- to adult-oriented care, is vital for improving the long-term health of adolescents with chronic conditions. The role of occupational therapy in HCT has not been well-researched. Effective HCT practices are necessary to ensure that adolescents have access to coordinated, optimal and uninterrupted occupational therapy services throughout this period of development.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study describes occupational therapists' self-perceived knowledge of HCT within the context of South African public health facilities, the HCT practices used, and the factors that promote or hinder the success of HCT within this context.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study utilised a quantitative, non-experimental and descriptive cross-sectional design. Simple convenience and snowball sampling were used to recruit participants via professional databases and social media forums. An online survey was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and simple content analysis were used to analyse the information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study identifies limitations in the knowledge and practical implementation of HCT within South African occupational therapy practice. Healthcare transition is characterised by inadequate use of policies, insufficient transition preparation and poor outcome measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a need for the development of training programmes and practice guidelines to optimise and support HCT implementation within South African occupational therapy practice.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study provides novel data on HCT practices utilised by occupational therapists in South African public health facilities. This study has potential use for the development of effective HCT programmes that can improve the functional outcomes of South African adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life outcomes in adults living with FASD in a rural South African community: A follow-up study.","authors":"Mandi Broodryk, Jaco G Louw, Debbie Acker, Denis L Viljoen, Leana Olivier","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1386","DOIUrl":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Even though adults with foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are at risk of negative life outcomes, there is no published evidence of this in South Africa, which has the highest estimated FASD prevalence rate globally.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of the study was to describe and compare the life outcomes of adults with FASD and adults without FASD in a South African rural community, 16 years after diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were examined and interviewed regarding their biographical information, knowledge of FASD, information on their family, relationships, home circumstances, education, work and medical history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adults with FASD were less likely to be in a relationship and more likely to have poor educational outcomes and to be exposed to violence as victim or perpetrator than their peers who did not have FASD. None of the participants with FASD completed secondary school successfully. No differences were found for independent living, employment, health, substance use and legal outcomes, between the foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or partial foetal alcohol syndrome (PFAS) and control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While significant differences existed in certain aspects, differences are not as stark as one would expect between individuals with FASD and controls.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study highlights the importance of considering the social context in which a FASD diagnosis is made. The comparative negative impact of an FASD diagnosis and the associated challenges on life outcomes may be less pronounced in rural communities where everyone has fewer opportunities and resources. This can also make the unique needs of persons with disabilities less visible.</p>","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection control in schools for learners with spina bifida: A scoping review.","authors":"Sasavona R Mashamba, Saajida Mahomed, Jacqueline M van Wyk","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1394","DOIUrl":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the widespread prevalence of spina bifida and its impact on individual learners, there is limited information on how infection control is managed in the school environment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review was conducted to map the evidence on infection control programmes at schools for learners with spina bifida (LSB) globally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for the scoping review. A database search was conducted on an internet browser search on MEDLINE, PUBMED, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, ERIC and Google search engines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of five articles met the inclusion criteria. Most of the schools in the study did not have special facilities or running water to accommodate basic infection control procedures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collaboration between policymakers, specialists of spina bifida and infection control in the health sector, the Association of Spina Bifida, specialists in spina bifida under the Department of Education and researchers is needed to improve the lives of LSB through infection control.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>The study will contribute to the improvement of training of staff working with LSB and the need for more research.</p>","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy in Ghana.","authors":"Israt Jahan, Risad Sultana, Francis Laryea, Samuel Kofi Amponsah, Frederick Inkum Danquah, Mohammad Muhit, Sk Md Kamrul Bashar, Hayley Smithers-Sheedy, Sarah McIntyre, Nadia Badawi, Gulam Khandaker","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1335","DOIUrl":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited knowledge on nutritional epidemiology in Ghanaian children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) necessitates a comprehensive investigation for an improved understanding of malnutrition in this population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to describe the epidemiology of malnutrition among children with CP in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used data collected as part of the Ghana CP Register (GCPR). The GCPR is an institution-based surveillance of children with CP aged < 18 years in Ghana. Between October 2018 and April 2020, <i>N</i> = 455 children with CP were registered. Data were collected on (i) weight, length or height, mid-upper-arm-circumference of children with CP; (ii) socio-demographic characteristics; (iii) motor type and topography, gross motor function classification system level (GMFCS); (iv) associated impairments; (v) educational and rehabilitation status for each child. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean and standard deviation age of the registered children at assessment was 5.9 ± 4.1 years, and 42.1% were female. Two-thirds of the children had ≥ one form of undernutrition (underweight or severely underweight: 38.9%, stunted or severely stunted: 51.2%, thin or severely thin: 23.8%). In the adjusted analysis, low maternal education, GMFCS-IV, speech impairment and epilepsy significantly increased the odds of undernutrition among participating children (aOR: 2.6 [95% CI:1.3-5.4]; 2.2 [95% CI:1.0-4.8]; 2.0 [95% CI:1.1-3.6]; 2.9 [95% CI:1.1-7.5] respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high malnutrition rate indicates an urgent need for nutrition interventions and translational research to improve nutritional status and prevent adverse outcomes among children with CP in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>Our study contributes important data and a framework to develop guidelines and evidence-based interventions for children with CP in Ghana.</p>","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of fatigue on people with multiple sclerosis in Morocco.","authors":"Rachid Lotfi, Hind Bel Amgharia, Sami Ennaciri, Mourad Chikhaoui, Abdeslam El Kardoudi, Fatiha Chigr","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1376","DOIUrl":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS), fatigue is among the leading clinical symptoms. It is one of the most disabling symptoms for most MS people.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This research measures the prevalence of fatigue and its impact on the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial abilities of individuals with MS in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional and descriptive study included 152 participants. Data were collected via an online survey using the snowball method, incorporating sociodemographic characteristics and the Arabic version of the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the results, 89.4% of respondents experienced pathological fatigue, with an average score of 65.52 (± 18.00). There was a significant relationship between pathological fatigue, age (<i>p</i> = 0.0324), and clinical phenotype (<i>p</i> = 0.041). Fatigue negatively impacted participants' physical, cognitive, and psychological capacities, with average scores of 70.38 (± 8.15), 62.28 (± 10.23), and 73.87 (± 1.86), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our study confirmed a high prevalence of fatigue among people with MS in Morocco. Sustained research in this field remains crucial, as it enables the formulation of strategies aimed at enhancing the quality of life for those impacted by MS.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study is the first in Morocco to examine fatigue prevalence in people with MS and its impact on their physical, cognitive, and psychosocial abilities. High fatigue levels hinder the integration of people with MS into professional and student life. The findings emphasize the need for effective symptom and fatigue management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women with disabilities' use of maternal care services in sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Sara H Rotenberg, Calum Davey, Emily McFadden","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1327","DOIUrl":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quality maternal health care is central to the Sustainable Development Goals efforts to reduce maternal mortality, yet there remain limited quantitative data on maternal care inequities for women with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to understand the differences in maternal care providers for women with and without disabilities.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys from 13 sub-Saharan African countries conducted between 2017-2020. We used logistic and multinomial logistic regression to examine the relationship between disability (Washington Group definition) and antenatal care attendance and the type of care provider for antenatal care, skilled birth attendance, and postnatal and postpartum checks. All analyses were adjusted for age, wealth, country, and location.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included 10 021 women, including 306 (3.1%) women with disabilities. There were small absolute and no relative differences in antenatal care attendance, qualified antenatal care provider, postnatal, and postpartum checks, for disabled and women without disabilities. Women with disabilities had some evidence of higher odds of having a doctor at their birth compared to women without disabilities (aOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.99-2.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows small absolute and no relative differences between women with and without disabilities for antenatal access and provider types for maternal care, though these findings are limited by a small sample and no data on care quality, acceptability, or outcomes. More research on care quality and outcomes is needed.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study is the first quantitative, multi-country study in sub-Saharan Africa to examine maternal care seeking patterns, demonstrating important data on maternal health indicators for women with disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring perceptions of sexuality among youth with physical disabilities in Gweru, Zimbabwe","authors":"Tapson Mashanyare, T. Garutsa, Kiran Odhav","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1363","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Disability and sexuality are topical issues although they are not given much-deserved attention in most societies, and Zimbabwe is not an exception. The socio-cultural stigma associated with disability adversely impacts sexuality and seeps into the social existence of youth with disability. Youths with disability are assumed to be hypersexual or asexual.Objectives: This article explores the sexuality views and experiences of youth with disability in the context of the negative stigma associated with disability and sexuality in Gweru, Zimbabwe.Method: Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted among 20 Gweru youth (18–35 years old) with physical disabilities and five key informants. Perceptions of youth with disability and socio-cultural assumptions regarding their sexuality were analysed.Results: The study established that most youths with disability faced social closure in terms of sexuality, with sparse offerings of sexuality education in their families. One sexual education theme that emerged from this study is sexual abstinence. Some suggestions of more open forms of communication on sexuality and disability also emerged although as a minority view.Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that, most youth feel that they are denied information on sexuality in their families and communities, as they are wrongfully assumed to have no need for it. However, youths with disability do not passively accept the negative perceptions about their sexuality, and they demonstrate their agency in resisting such negative perceptions.Contribution: The study contributes to knowledge on sexuality and disability among youths with disability in contexts where strong traditional beliefs, myths, and misconceptions exist.","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141808671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the value of rehabilitation: Perspectives from South African Stakeholders","authors":"Rentia A. Maart, D. Ernstzen, G. Mji, L. Morris","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1406","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The need for rehabilitation in South Africa has doubled between 1990 and 2017 and is expected to increase in the coming years. However, the rehabilitation needs of South Africans (and globally) remain largely unmet. Establishing a common understanding of the value of rehabilitation can inform clinical practice and policymaking to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC).Objectives: This study aims to explore the value of rehabilitation services in South Africa’s public healthcare sector by gathering perspectives from stakeholders. The goal is to inform policy decisions related to the implementation of National Health Insurance (NHI) in South Africa.Method: The study used a phenomenological approach and interpretivist paradigm. Semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face, online, or telephonically with 12 stakeholders from various rehabilitation sectors. The value of rehabilitation was analysed and categorised into five main categories: context, service delivery, patient outcomes, economic and financial components, and collaboration within and between sectors.Results: The value of rehabilitation was found to be multifaceted, because of the varying health, economic, and social challenges faced by many South Africans.Conclusion: The study identified components of value-based rehabilitation that should be prioritised in the proposed NHI of South Africa. Future research should explore all stakeholder perspectives, including patients, and provide empirical evidence of rehabilitation’s economic and societal value.Contribution: We highlight priority areas that are central to the value of rehabilitation in South Africa and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Tailoring rehabilitation services to patient and community needs is crucial for achieving value-based care. Given South Africa’s commitment to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, prioritising rehabilitation remains essential.","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Livelihoods of young women with and without disabilities in KwaZulu-Natal during COVID-19","authors":"J. Hanass-Hancock, Ayanda Nzuza, S. Willan, Thesandree Padayachee, M. Machisa, Bradley Carpenter","doi":"10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1400","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Persons with disabilities are more likely to have poorer livelihood outcomes, including food insecurity. Inequalities are heightened for young women with disabilities, especially in times of crisis.Objectives: To understand the livelihood experience of young South African women with and without disabilities during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19).Method: We conducted a longitudinal study with 72 young women with and without disabilities enrolled in tertiary institutions in eThekwini, South Africa. We undertook a series of in-depth interviews collecting quantitative and qualitative data, prompting participants’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, including living arrangements, impact on education, access to resources and food security.Results: Participants reported livelihood changes related to living arrangements, education, income, and social connectedness during the pandemic. Social grants (old-age pension, child support, disability grant) and student stipends were critical financial resources to ensure food security. Participants with disabilities were more likely to experience food insecurities and moderate hunger, with their households having less access to mitigating resources such as land or livestock. Deaf participants also reported social isolation.Conclusion: The study shows that social protection mechanisms mitigated the financial impact of the lockdown for all recipients but that participants with disabilities still struggled more than others to ensure food security. These additional challenges may be related to pre-existing inequalities, with participants with disabilities and their households having less access to natural resources and financial stability.Contribution: This paper focuses on young women with and without disabilities and provides insight into the similarities and differences in their experiences.","PeriodicalId":45606,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Disability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}