Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the Burden of Osteoarthritis in Africa and the Middle East: A Rapid Evidence Assessment.","authors":"Jamal Al Saleh,&nbsp;Hani Almoallim,&nbsp;Bassel Elzorkany,&nbsp;Ali Al Belooshi,&nbsp;Omar Batouk,&nbsp;Mohamed Fathy,&nbsp;Nora Vainstein,&nbsp;Abdullah M Kaki","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S390778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S390778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objectives: </strong>This rapid evidence assessment (REA) was conducted to assess the burden of weight-bearing joint osteoarthritis in the developing countries of Africa and the Middle East.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our REA methodology used a standardized search strategy to identify observational studies, published between January 1, 2010, and April 23, 2020, reporting on outcomes pertaining to the epidemiology and humanistic or economic burden of weight-bearing osteoarthritis. Relevant data from the included studies were used for qualitative analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 20 publications reporting on knee osteoarthritis in 10 countries in Africa and the Middle East, 2 also reported on hip, and 1 on foot osteoarthritis. Prevalence of symptomatic/radiographic knee OA was 9-14% among rheumatology outpatients and 31-34% among those with mixed etiology osteoarthritis. Prevalence of knee OA diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging was 70% among patients ≥40 years of age attending a hospital in Saudi Arabia. Quality-of-life outcomes were reported in 16 publications and suggested a substantial humanistic burden of osteoarthritis, including worse pain, function, and quality of life, and more depression; comparisons between studies were hampered by the variety of tools and scoring scales used, however. No studies reported on economic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This REA indicates a substantial burden of osteoarthritis in weight-bearing joints in Africa and the Middle East, consistent with publications from other regions of the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":"15 ","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/70/ee/oarrr-15-23.PMC10024869.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9158591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression in Saudi Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.","authors":"Samar Alharbi","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S397489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S397489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, little is known about its prevalence and risk factors among Saudi patients, specifically. Therefore, this study sought to determine the prevalence and predictors of depression in patients with RA in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients registered at the Saudi Charitable Association for Rheumatic Diseases. Inclusion criteria were that the patients either met the American College of Rheumatology 1987 revised criteria for the classification of RA or the 2010 RA classification criteria. Demographic data and clinical variables were collected, and Beck's 21-item Depression Inventory was used to assess for depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 210 participants with RA, 171 were women (81.4%), and 39 were men (18.6%). The prevalence of depression was 68%. There were significant relationships between age, gender, marital status, and having depression. Rheumatoid factor (RF) was positive in 144 participants (68.6%), which positively correlated with the risk of having depression (<i>P</i> value < 0.001). Moreover, depression severity correlated with age, gender, marital status, RF positivity, and prolonged disease duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results, depression is highly prevalent in Saudi patients with RA, especially those with positive RF and those who are female, middle-aged, and divorced. Early detection and treatment of depression in patients with RA is highly recommended to improve their quality of life and avoid unfavorable effects on RA clinical progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":"15 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b5/f9/oarrr-15-1.PMC9885770.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10642922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview on the Link Between the Complement System and Auto-Immune Articular and Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Paola Triggianese,&nbsp;Paola Conigliaro,&nbsp;Erica De Martino,&nbsp;Benedetta Monosi,&nbsp;Maria Sole Chimenti","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S318826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S318826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complement system (CS) dysregulation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of different autoimmune diseases playing a central role in many immune innate and adaptive processes. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by ta breach of self-tolerance leading to a synovitis and extra-articular manifestations. The CS is activated in RA and seems not only to mediate direct tissue damage but also play a role in the initiation of RA pathogenetic mechanisms through interactions with citrullinated proteins. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) represents the most common extra-articular manifestation that can lead to progressive fibrosis. In this review, we focused on the evidence of CS dysregulation in RA and in ILD, and highlighted the role of the CS in both the innate and adaptive immune responses in the development of diseases, by using idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as a model of lung disease. As a proof of concept, we dissected the evidence that several treatments used to treat RA and ILD such as glucocorticoids, pirfenidone, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, targeted biologics such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibitors, rituximab, tocilizumab, and nintedanib may act indirectly on the CS, suggesting that the CS might represent a potential therapeutic target in these complex diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":"15 ","pages":"65-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/95/41/oarrr-15-65.PMC10198272.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9556934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Anti-Topoisomerase-I, Anti-Th/To Antibody and Anti-Fibrillarin Using Immunoblot Method in Systemic Sclerosis Related Interstitial Lung Disease Patients.","authors":"Verina Logito,&nbsp;Anna Tjandrawati,&nbsp;Adhi Kristianto Sugianli,&nbsp;Nina Tristina,&nbsp;Sumartini Dewi","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S403403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S403403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Systemic Sclerosis related Interstitial Lung Disease (SSc-ILD) is the most common clinical manifestation of SSc with a high morbidity and mortality rate. However, the Thorax High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HCRT) as the gold standard diagnostic tool for SSc-ILD is not widely equipped in health-care facilities. Recently, specific autoantibody examination (anti-topoisomerase-1 (ATA), anti-Th/To antibody, and anti-fibrillarin) has been studied and used for SSc-ILD diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of specific autoantibody examination among SSc-ILD.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective study reviews data from local dedicated SSc database (Sclerosis Systemic Register System Development Electronic Medical Record) which were collected between March 2019 and August 2021. Population of this study include adult inpatients and outpatients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, who have been diagnosed with SSc based on ACR/EULAR 2013 criteria, which met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The SSc patients were grouped into SSc-ILD and SSc non-ILD based on HRCT and tested for SSC-ILD specific autoantibody test (ATA, anti-Th/To antibody, and anti-fibrillarin) to obtain the diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, and positive- and negative-predictive value).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 74 subject grouped into 47 SSc-ILD and 27 SSc-non ILD patients. ATA validity test results showed 85.1% sensitivity, 19.2% specificity, 65.6% PPV, and 41.7% NPV. Anti-Th/To antibody obtained 27.7% sensitivity, 88.9% specificity, 81.3% PPV, and 41.4% NPV. The anti-fibrillarin validity test result showed a 12.8% sensitivity, 96.3% specificity, 85.7% PPV, and 38.8% NPV. The combination of the three parameters had 95.7% sensitivity, 18.5% specificity, 67.1% PPV, and 71.4% NPV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of the SSc-ILD specific autoantibody test and HCRT is expected to detect all affected patients. Based on these results, SSc-ILD autoantibody-specific test can be used as an alternative examination for screening and diagnosis in health-care facilities that are not equipped with HRCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":"15 ","pages":"43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ce/1e/oarrr-15-43.PMC10153430.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9784132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of and Factors Associated with Eye Disorders among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Attending Tertiary Hospital in Uganda.","authors":"Eunice Headcraph,&nbsp;Immaculate Atukunda,&nbsp;Mark Kaddumukasa,&nbsp;Lydia Nakiyingi,&nbsp;Rebecca Claire Lusobya,&nbsp;Anne Ampaire-Musika,&nbsp;Caroline Otike,&nbsp;Elizabeth Nagawa,&nbsp;Paul Juma,&nbsp;Fransisco Msonge,&nbsp;Juliet Otiti-Sengeri","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S413697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S413697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ocular morbidities associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have not received much attention in Africa, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. They are among the commonest (40%) extra-articular organ involvement in RA. If undiagnosed, there is a potential risk of them causing visual impairment or blindness. There is no documented study in Uganda on the magnitude of eye disorders among RA patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the spectrum of eye disorders and associated factors among patients with RA attending Mulago National Referral Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with RA attending the rheumatology clinic between July 2021 and September 2021. Clinical and sociodemographic data were collected, and ophthalmologic examinations were performed on all consenting participants. Modified Poisson regression with robust standard error was used to determine factors associated with eye disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 105 patients with RA were enrolled, of which, 53 (50.5%) had eye disorders. The commonest disorder (54.7%, n=29) was dry-eye syndrome. Factors that were significantly associated with eye disorders were age 36-55 years (aPR 1.56, <i>p</i>=0.015), duration of RA >5 years (aPR 1.81, <i>p</i>=0.001), use of hydroxychloroquine >5 years (aPR 1.77, <i>p</i>=0.041), dose of oral steroids >10 mg/day (aPR 1.49, <i>p</i>=0.034), and history of both diabetes and hypertension (aPR 1.87, <i>p</i>=0.014).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of eye disorders among patients with RA was high, with the commonest being dry-eye syndrome. We recommend that ocular examinations be performed on every patient at the time of RA diagnosis for early detection of eye disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":"15 ","pages":"103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c2/ad/oarrr-15-103.PMC10351586.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9834136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronutrient Deficiencies in Systemic Sclerosis: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Audrey D Nguyen, Zsuzsanna H McMahan, Elizabeth R Volkmann","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S354736","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OARRR.S354736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The primary aim is to identify the micronutrient deficiencies commonly reported in SSc. The exploratory aim is to evaluate associations between micronutrient deficiencies and SSc clinical manifestations.</p><p><strong>Patient and methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review of all published reports on SSc and nutrition in PubMed from its inception to August 2020. Clinical trials, observational studies, meta-analyses, and case series (with ≥20 cases) containing data on nutritional deficiency and SSc were included. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for reporting our findings. Two reviewers (ADN and ERV) studied the titles and abstracts of all search results with pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 790 retrieved publications, 35 full-length articles and 3 abstracts met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Included studies took place across multiple geographic locations and included patients with both diffuse and limited cutaneous SSc. Vitamin D deficiency was the most commonly reported deficiency described in SSc, followed by vitamin B12, vitamin B9, selenium, zinc, and iron. In addition, some small studies found deficiencies in vitamins B1, B6, C, E, and A. While some studies reported associations between specific micronutrient deficiencies and SSc disease features (eg, interstitial lung disease was commonly associated with vitamin D deficiency and elevated homocysteine [Hcy]), the evidence to support these associations was not robust.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Micronutrient deficiencies are common in SSc and are associated with specific SSc features. Routine screening for micronutrient deficiencies may lead to early detection of malnutrition. Future studies are needed to understand how interventions to replete micronutrient deficiencies affect patient outcomes in SSc.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":"14 ","pages":"309-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e0/05/oarrr-14-309.PMC9769137.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9773180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Ribosomal-P Antibody Association with Neuropsychiatric Lupus in Sudanese Patients Attending Rheumatology Clinic in Omdurman Military Hospital.","authors":"Ziryab Imad Taha,&nbsp;Israa Abdelghani Awad Ibrahim,&nbsp;Salih Boushra Hamza,&nbsp;Yassin A Abdalla,&nbsp;Elnour M Elagib,&nbsp;Husam A M Ali,&nbsp;Sara Joseph,&nbsp;Jimmy William","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S387650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S387650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess and establish the relationship between neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) involvement and serological biomarkers like antiribosomal-P antibodies.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This is an analytical cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted on patients attending Omdurman Military Hospital from July 2019 to December 2019. A total of 90 patients were enrolled, 30 of whom had NPSLE compared with 60 SLE patients without NPSLE. SLE diagnosis was established based on the revised SLICC criteria (presence of at least 4 criteria) for SLE classification, with neuropsychiatric manifestations defined based on the ACR nomenclature. The immunological examination results have been performed by (ELISA immune-enzymatic method, immunofluorescence, and Western immunoblotting test). SPSS v 21.0 software was utilised for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NPSLE patients exhibited +ve ANA in 96.7% vs 75% in non-NPSLE (P-value = 0.008), antiribosomal-P antibodies (46.7% vs 20%; P-value = 0.0001), anti-nucleosome antibodies (26.7% vs 5%; P-value = 0.005), and anti-histones antibodies (40% vs 20%; P-value = 0.04). ANA antibodies were significantly associated with neurological manifestations as ANA antibodies were common in epilepsy (n = 9; 91%) and stroke (n = 8; 27.6%) (P-value < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neuropsychiatric manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus exhibits variable clinical manifestations. Neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE are strongly associated with the anti-ribosomal P antibody presence and can be employed as a powerful diagnostic tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/99/fb/oarrr-14-281.PMC9697392.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40722794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better Clinical Results in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated Under a Multidisciplinary Care Model When Compared with a National Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry.","authors":"Pedro Santos-Moreno,&nbsp;Gabriel-Santiago Rodríguez-Vargas,&nbsp;Susan Martínez,&nbsp;Linda Ibatá,&nbsp;Laura Villarreal-Peralta,&nbsp;Anggie Aza-Cañon,&nbsp;Manuel Rivero,&nbsp;Pedro Rodriguez,&nbsp;Adriana Rojas-Villarraga","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S385423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S385423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe clinical characteristics and effectiveness of health care in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as part of a multidisciplinary care model (MCM) in a specialized rheumatology center, compared with the results of a national registry of RA (NARRA) as evidence of real-world management.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We conducted a real-world study (July 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019) based on an analysis of electronic health records of a cohort of RA patients managed with the \"Treat-to-Target\" strategy in a specialized rheumatology center in Colombia with an MCM, compared with the NARRA that includes different models of usual care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We have analyzed 7053 subjects with RA treated at a specialized rheumatology center and 81,492 patients from the NARRA. Cohorts were similar in their baseline characteristics, with women in predominance and diagnosis age close to 50 years. At the time of diagnosis, a higher proportion of clinical diagnostic test use and rheumatology consultation access was observed in the specialized rheumatology center than in the national registry (4-6 per year versus three or less). In addition, higher proportions of patients in remission and low disease activity were reported for the specialized rheumatology center, with a >40% amount of data lost in the national registry. Pharmacological management was similar regarding the analgesic use. In the specialized center, Certolizumab was more frequently used than in the NARRA registry; also, there were significant differences in methotrexate, leflunomide, and sulfasalazine use, being higher in the specialized rheumatology center.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MCM of a specialized center in RA can guarantee comprehensive care, with better access to all the services required to manage the disease. It ensures specialist management and evidence-based care that facilitates the achievement of therapeutic objectives. In addition, better patient records and follow-ups are available to evaluate health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"269-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/80/oarrr-14-269.PMC9680987.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40722401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Abnormalities, Cardiovascular Disease, and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Current Perspectives and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Pedro Santos-Moreno,&nbsp;Gabriel-Santiago Rodríguez-Vargas,&nbsp;Susan Martínez,&nbsp;Linda Ibatá,&nbsp;Adriana Rojas-Villarraga","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S285407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S285407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis is a prevalent worldwide disease, associated with an increased risk of multiple metabolic abnormalities that generate a higher disease burden.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To gather the available evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, current perspectives, clinical implications and prognosis of metabolic abnormalities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a narrative literature review. Search was conducted in PubMed, OVID, and Taylor & Francis databases, using the following MeSH terms: \"Arthritis Rheumatoid\", \"Metabolic Diseases\", and \"Metabolic Syndrome\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study describes the main metabolic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. Research has recognized that rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic abnormalities share pathophysiological mechanisms with an additive effect that increases cardiovascular risk. In that context, appropriate antirheumatic treatment can also impact on cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are metabolic abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis patients that increase cardiovascular risk. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate cardiovascular risk to provide appropriate comprehensive management to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"255-267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/66/eb/oarrr-14-255.PMC9642585.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40691374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.","authors":"Samar Alharbi","doi":"10.2147/OARRR.S384256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S384256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology. Women of childbearing age are affected approximately nine times more often than men. Its presentation and course are highly variable, ranging from mild to fulminant systemic disease. Any organ can be affected by SLE. Although less common than in other systems, such as the skin, joints, and kidneys, 40%-60% of SLE patients have gastrointestinal (GI) involvement. SLE can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. GI manifestations can be caused by SLE, medication-related side effects, or non-SLE causes including infection. This article reviews the most common types of GI involvement associated with SLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":45545,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Rheumatology-Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"243-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e1/ed/oarrr-14-243.PMC9587305.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40658055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}