International Review of Economics Education最新文献

{"title":"Using Python and Google Colab to teach undergraduate microeconomic theory","authors":"Masanori Kuroki","doi":"10.1016/j.iree.2021.100225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iree.2021.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The author describes how to use the Python programming language to teach topics in a microeconomic theory course at the undergraduate level. Specifically, the author describes how to use Python to solve optimization problems, such as utility maximization and profit maximization. Python is free and open-source and becoming increasingly popular both in economics and in business. To focus on solving optimization problems and to avoid installation issues, the author utilizes Google Colab, which allows users to type Python code on a web browser. Program code is provided for every example to encourage replication and experimentation. The author aims to (1) provide an option to instructors who are interested in supplementing the traditional pencil-and-paper approach with technology at no cost, and (2) help students become comfortable with a programming language that is widely used in tech companies and data analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.iree.2021.100225","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71854694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the timing of assessment matter? Circadian mismatch and reflective processing in university students","authors":"B. Oyebode, N. Nicholls","doi":"10.1016/j.iree.2021.100226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iree.2021.100226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73135010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CENTRAL BANK COMMUNICATION DESIGN: TOWARDS TRANSPARENCY OF MONETARY POLICY","authors":"Yuliia Shapoval","doi":"10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-11","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the article is central bank communication design (particularly target audience, channels and instruments) and central banks’ transparency measurement. The purpose is to summarise the central bank communication policy's conceptual basics and clarify how transparent the NBU’s monetary policy is. Methodology. The paper applies the Dincer and Eichengreen (2014) and Al-Mashat et al. (2018) methods of transparency measurement, using the NBU’s published documents and website data as of 2021. Results. It has been emphasized that communication design should be based on central bank’s communication objectives, information demand from defined stakeholders and target groups, capabilities of application of channels and instruments. Ensuring confidence in monetary policy calls for simplified language and format that reflects the general public's interest. The shift to the growing role of the type of communication channel and interaction of central bank with the general public are marked out. The meaning of transparency, criteria, and indices (Eijffinger-Geraats, Dincer-Eichengreen, Crowe-Meade, Cournede-Minegishi, CBT-IT index) are under consideration. According to Dincer and Eichengreen, the NBU’s transparency index reaches almost a perfect score of 12 (out of 15), affirming NBU’s political and policy transparency improvements. The NBU’s CBT-IT transparency index scores 11.45 (out of 20), which points to the need to eliminate gaps of the FPAS designed to support full-fledged inflation- forecast-targeting (3.2 out of 9) in the light of improvements in the monetary policymaking process (5.75 out of 7) and transparency about monetary policy objectives (2.5 out of 3). Practical implications. The enhancement of the NBU’s transparency level reflects the development of its communication policy as transparency of monetary policy requires constant and coherent messages via diversified channels and instruments for a defined target audience, following a clear purpose of strategic communication. Value/originality. It has been highlighted that central bank communication design is the basis for financial market participants' trust, favouring monetary policy transparency.","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77773431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEASURES OF FINANCIAL REGULATORS IN THE FIELD OF INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL FLOWS CONTROL","authors":"Y. Bublyk","doi":"10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-10","url":null,"abstract":"The article attempts to identify new trends in approaches to assessing the impact of uncontrolled international capital flows on the development of the national economy and the corresponding changes in regulatory policies. It is pointed out that uncontrolled capital flows pose a special threat to small open economies due to insufficient development of the institutional environment and low depth of financial markets. There has been constructed circle of typical for small open economies risks, conducted with uncontrolled capital flows movement, such as deepening structural imbalances in financial asset markets, undesirable excessive fluctuations in the national currency rate, the flight of national capital and the erosion of the tax base. Based on the analysis of recent research, international regulatory initiatives of EU countries, recommendations of international development institutions and IMF’s Integrated Policy Framework, have been identified such trends as strengthening control over illegal capital flows, limiting of the negative speculative influence, panic and herd behaviour on exchange rate stability. Argued for a very important role which plays an uncontrolled dynamics of national currency rate on the transmission of global shocks to national economies. This necessitates a serious overhaul of exchange rate policy approaches. Central banks of small open economies should consider exchange rate stability as one of their goals. This does not mean inflation targeting abandon. The use of the instrument of currency interventions helps to influence the achievement of external targets, increasing the ability of interest rate policy instruments to achieve inflation targeting in the domestic market as well. As a conclusion and proposals for further development of policies in the financial sector to ensure the sustainable development of small open economies is systematized a list of possible regulatory measures. It is emphasized that the development of regulatory policies in the monetary and financial spheres in small open economies, which includes Ukraine, should be implemented comprehensively and include the development of macroprudential tools to limit systemic risk factors, suppress illicit capital flows and reduce the role of psychological factors of pro-cyclical behavior. The implementation of regulatory measures on transparent terms in such spheres will not make free-market self-regulatory mechanisms weaken, but rather helps to release them.","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81662677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS IN CRISIS CONDITIONS IN UKRAINE","authors":"O. Melnichuk","doi":"10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-15","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the study is a set of basic theoretical, scientific and methodological provisions and practical recommendations for analyzing trends in the system of international business and increase the effectiveness of institutional support for enterprises participating in international business. In the course of the research such concepts as \"foreign economic activity\", \"international entrepreneurship\", \"international business\" are considered. The latter is proposed to be considered as a system of business processes implemented by business entities outside of their own country and aimed at achieving strategic goals. Research methods. General scientific and special methods are used in the work, which allow to systematically solve problem tasks in the chosen direction of the research. In the course of the research such methods are used as: method of theoretical generalization; system analysis; graphic and analytical methods. Results. An analysis of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the activities of international market players has been made. A comprehensive analysis of the volume, commodity, geographical structure of exports and imports of goods in Ukraine in 2018-2020. It is determined that Ukraine overwhelmingly exports raw materials and imports high-tech goods. Despite the decline in foreign trade, the general trend indicates that exports and imports will grow in the long run. An objective analysis of the functioning of the Ukrainian business system with the help of many world ratings, which allow us to assess the place of Ukraine in the global conditions of development, in comparison with the economies of other countries. As a result of the study, it was determined that Ukraine is inferior to other countries in the world in trade, regulatory policy, national branding, etc., and has the best position in the field of budget transparency. The results of the analysis indicate the need to implement effective organizational and economic principles aimed at improving the quality of Ukraine's business system. The analysis and construction of the profile of the national business system allowed to identify the main problems in the system of international business and begin to form measures to address them. The practical significance of the obtained results is that the theoretical provisions and practical recommendations obtained by the author as a result of the study can be used in developing directions for the transformation of national international business in a crisis.","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86467323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FUNCTIONING OF THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE: CONCEPTUAL PROVISIONS","authors":"N. Iershova, V. Garkusha","doi":"10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is the scientific substantiation and further development of the theoretical foundations and methodology of the system of economic security of an industrial enterprise. Methodology. The methodological bases are the provisions of security theory and the laws of the market economy. In the study the system method was used to reveal the essence of the mechanism of functioning of the economic security system; methods of logic, qualitative analysis and synthesis were used to structure the mechanism of functioning of the economic security system; economic and logical methods were used to establish the nature of the functioning of the economic security system of an industrial enterprise; the integrated method was used to substantiate the concept of \"economic security system of an industrial enterprise\". Results. Approaches to the functioning of the economic security system of an industrial enterprise in terms of management processes, management objects and elements are proposed. The locus in ensuring the functioning of the economic security system is the mechanism. The classification of methods of economic security management of the enterprise is given. The conceptual bases of functioning of the system of economic safety of the industrial enterprise are developed. A scheme is proposed in order to determine the nature of the functioning of the economic security system of an industrial enterprise, which takes into account the attributes: capabilities, possibilities, desires, interests and aspirations. Practical implications. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the enrichment of the practice of economic security of an industrial enterprise with scientifically substantiated proposals to improve the functioning of its system. The use of the proposed conceptual provisions and the appropriate algorithm to establish the nature of the economic security system can increase the efficiency of the economic security system in the economic practice of enterprises. Value/originality. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the development and working out of theoretical and methodological principles of functioning of the system of economic security of an industrial enterprise in accordance with the requirements of market situations.","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83137918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN INNOVATIVE COMPONENT IN GENERATING EFFICIENCY OF SUNFLOWER PRODUCTION","authors":"D. Shyian, Nataliia Ulianchenko, K. Honcharova","doi":"10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"The introductory part emphasizes that since 2004, Ukrainian agriculture has gradually begun to crank up production. This is largely associated with the growth of crop production, including sunflower. During 2004–2020, gross sunflower yield increased by 3.1 times, and yield capacity – more than double. Research methods involve grouping a complex of agricultural enterprises following the cost value per 1 ha of the sown area and sunflower yield. To classify the enterprises according to the level of innovative production, the authors have put forward a method for determining the coefficient of innovation. The object of the study comprises the agricultural enterprises of Kharkiv region. The results of grouping following yield rate have made it possible to establish a direct dependence between the cost value and sunflower yield. In a group of enterprises with an average yield of up to 15 centners/ha, costs amounted to 9653 UAH / ha; in a group with a yield of 25.1–30 centners/ha – 14860 UAH/ha; with a yield of more than 45 centners/ha – 27518 UAH/ha. It has also been found that an increase in the rate of sunflower yield by 1 centner leads to an average profit increase of 307.9 UAH/ha. The grouping of enterprises by the level of costs per 1 sown area of sunflower has made it possible to assume that the nature of the relationship of a grouping indicator with profit margin is characterized by a nonlinear function. It has been determined that this function has a maximum when the cost increases by 16960 UAH/ha and the amount of profit – by 6199 UAH/ha. The paper has also marked that under such cost value, the value of sunflower yield should be equal to 29.8 centners/ha. The practical approval of the methodological approach to determining the coefficient of innovative development of sunflower production has shown that this indicator objectively conveys the rate of use of innovations in the manufacturing process. Enterprises that had a coefficient of innovative development above 1 were characterized by a much higher level of yield, profitability, and production intensity.","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75642192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF INFORMATION SECURITY OF THE INFORMATION SERVICES MARKET","authors":"N. Kondratenko","doi":"10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-20","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of information security of the information services market. The subject of the research is information security, and the goal of the paper is to study the information security of the information services market. Information security is considered a socio-economic challenge that can be addressed through the confident actions of the state. Data analysis confirmed the problem of information security at different levels. Information security is aimed at protecting information from unauthorized access. The development and transformation of the information services market depend on the quality metrics of the Internet. This paper deals with the issue of maintaining a sufficient level of information transparency, which is related to and interdependent on information security. The main risks and threats caused by the active introduction of information technologies and the advancement of the information services market are specified. The study found that in the day-to-day operations of each company, many risks can affect the information system due to information security breaches. Social engineering involves the use of psychological techniques to mislead users by providing information or access for attackers. In order for the company to cope with external risks in the information services market, it is necessary to build a strong risk management information system. The process of risk management is ongoing and iterative in nature, it must be repeated indefinitely as new threats and vulnerabilities emerge, especially external ones. The choice of countermeasures or controls used must strike a balance between productivity, cost, effectiveness, and the information value of the asset being protected. Conclusions: the research identified the basic principles of information security, namely confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Moreover, to increase the information security of the companies which are participants in the information services market, the author proposes implementing a range of measures within the company. Information security in the information services market is a marker of the crucial difference between the information society and the industrial society. The main hallmark of the information society is its openness. This means a significant reduction and thus a general lack of confidential information for society. The study established that the digitalization of the economy is modifying the information services market. The research findings may prove useful to businesses and governments to boost information security of the information services market. The research is based on the methods of theoretical generalization and comparison to define the concept of “information security” and its interrelations with other definitions of the relevant terminological framework. Analysis, synthesis, and scientific abstraction were used to identify factors affecting the risks and threats to information security of the ","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76383687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE ON THE BASIS OF ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES","authors":"O. Gerasimchuk","doi":"10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of research of the scientific article is the optimization of the resource potential of the enterprise based on the analysis of the structure of financial resources. The methodological basis of the study were the provisions of modern economic theory, financial statements of the studied enterprise and scientific works of scientists. The purpose of the study is to analyze the optimization of the components of the resource potential of the enterprise. In the course of the research the estimation of optimization of structure of financial resources of the enterprise on the basis of the multicriteria approach was carried out. It is determined that the total amount of financial resources that is necessary for the researched enterprise – sources of financing is 150 000 thousand UAH. Based on the results of calculations of the cost of borrowed capital, taking into account the tax corrector, the weighted average cost of capital was calculated for all 10 alternatives. Given that the company is interested in obtaining a certain amount of financial resources at the lowest weighted average interest rate in the presented models, the best alternatives are 1 and 10 where the weighted average cost of capital is 15.51%. It is concluded that under the terms of the settlement agreement a significant increase in the profitable part of the researched enterprise is planned, taking into account the possibilities in the future, and first of all taking into account the real, for today, state of financial and economic activity of the enterprise. Therefore, the company needs to use a comprehensive approach to managing its financial resources. In the conditions of transformation of market relations forecasting and substantiation of strategy of development of financial and economic activity of the organization taking into account an estimation of dynamics of a market conjuncture and influence of macroeconomic factors of maintenance of conformity of volume and structure of own and involved financial resources (capital). Resources in the process of operational, investment, financial activities of the organization to achieve optimal structure and value of own and borrowed resources from the standpoint of impact on the financial condition of the enterprise and ensure its financial stability, liquidity, solvency minimization of financial resources.","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75188261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRAINING OF ECONOMIC PERSONNEL IN A UNIVERSITY OF UKRAINE (1960S – 1980S OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY)","authors":"D. Fedun","doi":"10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-17","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides general information about the process of economists training in Ukraine during the period with the planned system of economic relations. The main subject of the research is the educational process of training future economists in institutions of higher education in Ukraine in the 1960s –1980s of the twentieth century. The structural constituent elements of the educational process are considered on the example of Kiev Institute of National Economy and Kharkov Engineering and Economic Institute. The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the pedagogical experience of economic personnel training for the planned system of regulation of financial and economic relations and to identify promising areas for further research, with the subsequent introduction of the identified progressive historical experience into the modern system of higher economic education. In the process of studying the history of economic personnel training in higher educational institutions of Ukraine, in the 1960s – 1980s, on the basis of such methodological principles as: scientificness, objectivity and historicism (including the use of chronological scientific and systematic approaches), it was applied a theoretical-search research method: historical analysis of literature, documents and archival materials. The article includes: the study of the duration of the learning process; training schedule for specialists; allocation of training time for laboratory work, workshops, seminars, lectures. Within the boundaries of the main subject of the study, educational subjects of general scientific, general economic, general technical and specialized cycles are also presented, which are included in the plan of the educational process. The optional disciplines recommended for study at the student's choice are considered. Practical training is highlighted as a rather important element in the training of an economist. Options for end-of-course assessments are presented. Also, in the process of studying the historical experience of economists training in the higher education system of Ukraine, the following structural elements were analyzed: the system of higher educational institutions, through which the training of economists was carried out; forms of specialists training; types of training sessions used in the learning process; the applied knowledge assessment system; existing qualification areas of training, which included a variety of economic specialties. The value of this study lies in the fact that the pedagogical experience of the process of economists training in the period with the planned economic model of management in the Ukrainian higher education institution in the 60s-80s of the twentieth century was studied for the first time. The result of the research is the obtained data on the training of economists for a system with a planned type of regulation of economic processes, as well as the formed directions for deeper research. The main directions ","PeriodicalId":45496,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Economics Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75472200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}