International Review of Social Psychology最新文献_第5页

Can Beauty be Measured with Photos? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Static and Dynamic Physical Attractiveness Ratings. 美可以用照片衡量吗？静态和动态身体吸引力评级的系统回顾和元分析。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-21 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.758

Patrick Kaschel, Lea Hildebrandt

引用次数: 0

The Limits of the Primacy of Morality Hypothesis: Are Global Impressions of Experts Based Mainly on their Competence or Morality? 道德至上假说的局限性：专家的全球印象主要基于他们的能力还是道德？

IF 1.6 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-21 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.643

Katarzyna Stasiuk, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Romuald Polczyk, Józef Maciuszek

{"title":"The Limits of the Primacy of Morality Hypothesis: Are Global Impressions of Experts Based Mainly on their Competence or Morality?","authors":"Katarzyna Stasiuk, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Romuald Polczyk, Józef Maciuszek","doi":"10.5334/irsp.643","DOIUrl":"10.5334/irsp.643","url":null,"abstract":"According to the primacy of morality hypothesis, moral traits are the most substantial contributor to - and when positive, always contribute positively to - global impressions of others. In three experiments (N = 413), we asked participants to form global impressions of the financial advisor (Study 1a), car mechanic (Study 1b), and physician (Study 1c). Contrary to the primacy of morality hypothesis, we showed that when people evaluate experts, they are guided primarily by experts' competence (solving or not solving clients' problems), not morality (moral or immoral intentions). The global impressions of the experts who made a mistake and did not solve clients' problems were negative regardless of the experts' moral or immoral intentions. However, the competent experts were continually assessed positively regardless of their good or bad intentions. The meta-analysis showed that the effect of manipulated intention on global impression was not significant. The results pose a challenge to the idea that moral behaviors are the most relevant when making global impressions of others.","PeriodicalId":45461,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70669489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social-Class Inequalities in Distance Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Digital Divide, Cultural Mismatch, and Psychological Barriers. 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间远程学习中的社会阶级不平等：数字鸿沟、文化错配和心理障碍。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-20 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.716

Fabian Müller, Sébastien Goudeau, Nicole M Stephens, Cristina Aelenei, Rasyid Bo Sanitioso

{"title":"Social-Class Inequalities in Distance Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Digital Divide, Cultural Mismatch, and Psychological Barriers.","authors":"Fabian Müller, Sébastien Goudeau, Nicole M Stephens, Cristina Aelenei, Rasyid Bo Sanitioso","doi":"10.5334/irsp.716","DOIUrl":"10.5334/irsp.716","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic forced universities to move towards distance learning, requiring increased use of digital tools and more independent learning from students. In this context, the present study examined two previously documented barriers that contribute to social-class disparities in universities: the digital divide and the experience of cultural mismatch. Cultural mismatch refers to the disconnect between the highly independent cultural norms of universities and the interdependent cultural norms common among working-class students. Our goals are to (1) replicate the findings related to these barriers in a European context (2) provide pandemic-specific data related to these barriers, and (3) examine how the digital divide and cultural mismatch relate to psychological factors and learning behaviors necessary for academic success. Two thousand two hundred and seventy-five students in France answered questions about their digital access/use, self-construal, psychological factors (i.e., sense of belonging, self-efficacy, intentions to drop-out from the university), and learning behaviors (e.g., attending class, asking questions). Results showed that working-class students have less digital access and value interdependence more than their middle/upper-class peers, suggesting they are more likely to experience a cultural mismatch. Structural equation modeling revealed that both the digital divide and the experience of cultural mismatch undermines working-class students' psychological experience (e.g., belonging), which, in turn, hinders their learning behavior. The distance learning required by the pandemic led to increased needs for digital access and independence, and therefore more negatively affected working-class students, which could fuel and widen the social-class achievement gap.","PeriodicalId":45461,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70669781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asymmetrical Update of Beliefs About Future Outcomes is Driven by Outcome Valence and Social Group Membership 结果效价和社会群体成员关系驱动未来结果信念的不对称更新

4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.647

Mihai Dricu, Stephanie Bührer, Dominik A. Moser, Tatjana Aue

{"title":"Asymmetrical Update of Beliefs About Future Outcomes is Driven by Outcome Valence and Social Group Membership","authors":"Mihai Dricu, Stephanie Bührer, Dominik A. Moser, Tatjana Aue","doi":"10.5334/irsp.647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.647","url":null,"abstract":"People are eager to update their beliefs, such as a perceived risk, if they receive information that is better than expected but are reluctant to do so when the evidence is unfavourable. When estimating the likelihood of future outcomes, this phenomenon of asymmetrical belief update helps generate and maintain personal optimism bias. In this study, we investigated whether asymmetrical belief update also extends to estimating the future of other individuals. Specifically, we prompted respondents to assess the perceived likelihood of three social targets experiencing future positive and negative events: An in-group, a mild out-group, and an extreme out-group. We then provided the respondents with feedback about the base rates of those events in the general population and prompted them to re-assess their initial estimates for all social targets. Respondents expected more positive than negative outcomes for the in-group and the mild out-group, but more negative outcomes for the extreme out-group. We also found an asymmetrical update of beliefs contingent on the valence of the future event and the social target. For negative outcomes, respondents updated more following good news than bad news, particularly for the mild out-group. For positive outcomes, respondents equally updated their beliefs following good news and bad news for the in-group and the mild out-group. However, they updated their beliefs significantly more following bad news than good news for the extreme out-group member. Our data thus reveal the strong influence of social stereotypes on future expectancies for others.","PeriodicalId":45461,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social Psychology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136022207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Worldviews and Values as Bases for Political Orientations. 世界观和价值观是政治取向的基础。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-10 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.741

Girts Dimdins, Henry Montgomery, Maria Sandgren

引用次数: 0

Social Evaluation at a Distance – Facets of Stereotype Content about Student Groups in Higher Distance Education 远距离社会评价——高等远程教育学生群体刻板印象内容的面向

IF 2.5 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.686

Nathalie Bick, L. Froehlich, Maria‐Therese Friehs, P. Kotzur, Helen Landmann

{"title":"Social Evaluation at a Distance – Facets of Stereotype Content about Student Groups in Higher Distance Education","authors":"Nathalie Bick, L. Froehlich, Maria‐Therese Friehs, P. Kotzur, Helen Landmann","doi":"10.5334/irsp.686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.686","url":null,"abstract":"In the academic domain, belonging to a negatively stereotyped group can impair performance and peer relationships. In higher distance education, stereotypes may be particularly influential as face-to-face contact is limited and non-traditional students who are at risk of being stereotyped are overrepresented. Still, research on stereotypes in higher distance education is sparse. The current research addresses this gap by investigating the Big Two of social perception (warmth, competence) and subordinate facets (friendliness, morality, assertiveness, ability, conscientiousness) in the context of higher distance education. It tests a) how well models with warmth/competence or the facets fit the data, b) whether stereotypes in higher distance education depend on the student group, and c) how the Big Two and subordinate facets predict intergroup emotions and behavioral intentions in higher distance education. An online survey with N = 626 students (74% female) of a large distance university showed that a measurement model with four facets (i.e., friendliness, morality, ability, conscientiousness) reveals adequate model fit for 12 student groups. Perceived stereotypes were positive for female","PeriodicalId":45461,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41568120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Others? Evidence for the Primacy of the Horizontal Dimension of Social Evaluation in Workplace Gossip 当我们谈论他人时，我们谈论什么？职场流言中社会评价水平维度首要性的证据

IF 2.5 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.687

E. Martinescu, K. Peters, B. Beersma

引用次数: 0

The Facets of Social Hierarchy: How Judges’ Legitimacy Beliefs and Relative Status Shape Their Evaluation of Assertiveness and Ability 社会等级的各个方面:法官的合法性信念和相对地位如何影响他们对自信和能力的评价

IF 2.5 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.695

V. Yzerbyt, Julien Barbedor, Antonin Carrier, O. Rohmer

{"title":"The Facets of Social Hierarchy: How Judges’ Legitimacy Beliefs and Relative Status Shape Their Evaluation of Assertiveness and Ability","authors":"V. Yzerbyt, Julien Barbedor, Antonin Carrier, O. Rohmer","doi":"10.5334/irsp.695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.695","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary approaches of impression formation and stereotypes celebrate the role of the Big Two in social evaluation: the horizontal and vertical dimensions (Abele et al., 2021). Recently, interest has grown in making further distinctions within each of these dimensions (Abele et al., 2008). Here, we focused on the vertical facets, namely, assertiveness and ability. Research found that assertiveness is more strongly related to a target’s status than ability. Arguably, this pattern emerges because assertiveness comes across as less negotiable, whereas ability leaves more room for appreciation. Building on this assumption, we reasoned that judgments of ability provide more opportunity to justify or to reclaim positive identity, depending on one’s position in the hierarchy. Specifically, we hypothesized that the legitimacy beliefs and status of the judges are key factors to consider in that they moderate the perceived overlap between the vertical facets. Using a novel paradigm based on Goodman et al.’s (2001) social ladder, Studies 1a and 1b relied on judges’ legitimacy beliefs as a proxy for status, whereas Studies 2 and 3 directly examined the judges’ relative status. As predicted, we consistently found more overlap between assertiveness and ability among high-legitimacy/status judges than among low-legitimacy/status","PeriodicalId":45461,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46582047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Economic Inequality Perception Dampens Meritocratic Belief in China: The Mediating Role of Perceived Distributive Unfairness 经济不平等感知抑制中国精英主义信念：分配不公平感知的中介作用

IF 2.5 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.673

Xueli Zhu, Lei Cheng, Zifei Li, Lijuan Xiao, Fang Wang

引用次数: 1

For Powerholders ‘More is More’: Power Shapes Judgments of Logically Equivalent Comparative Statements 对掌权者来说，“多即是多”:权力塑造逻辑等价比较陈述的判断

IF 2.5 4区心理学

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.5334/irsp.598

Karl-Andrew Woltin, A. Guinote, Cátia P Teixeira

{"title":"For Powerholders ‘More is More’: Power Shapes Judgments of Logically Equivalent Comparative Statements","authors":"Karl-Andrew Woltin, A. Guinote, Cátia P Teixeira","doi":"10.5334/irsp.598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.598","url":null,"abstract":"Human judgments are inherently comparative. Recently, a so-called more-less asymmetry in comparative communication has been demonstrated: ‘more than’ comparisons are preferred to corresponding ‘less than’ comparisons. Here we show that a ubiquitous social-structural factor – social power – shapes biases in such comparisons. Powerholders, relative to powerless individuals, liked more, agreed more with and considered more likely to be true ‘more than’ compared to ‘less than’ statements. This was true despite the fact that the differently formulated statements were logically equivalent. In Study 1 ( N = 153), induced high power (vs. control or low power) led to believing that ‘more than’ statements were more likely to be true. In Studies 2A/B ( N = 449) the judgments of participants in high power conditions were more favorable when comparisons were made using ‘more than’ comparisons. This was also the case in a pilot study ( N = 149) in which individual differences in chronic sense of power were assessed. These findings suggest that powerholders’ decisions based on comparative information are especially prone to the more-less judgmental bias resulting in asymmetry. They are in line with approaches positing that power increases and lack of power decreases reliance on subjective experiences, including – but not limited to – ease of information processing and the use of fast and frugal strategies in judgment and decision-making.","PeriodicalId":45461,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42669377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0