{"title":"Effects of adverse childhood experiences and childhood socioeconomic disadvantage on youth depression: A scoping review.","authors":"Chelsea R Moore, Carri S Polick, Sarah A Stoddard","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2025.2552704","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2025.2552704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and childhood socioeconomic disadvantage have been independently associated with depression. It has also been established that ACEs are more likely to occur in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. However, the complex associations among all three factors together remain unclear.<i>Objective:</i> The purpose of this scoping review was to analyse the state of the literature on the associations among ACEs, childhood socioeconomic disadvantage, and depression-related outcomes (e.g., depression symptoms) for individuals aged 25 or younger.<i>Method:</i> We conducted a systematised search of four databases using terms that included \"adverse childhood experiences\", \"socioeconomic status\", \"poverty\", and \"depression\".<i>Results:</i> Of the 7 922 abstracts screened, 18 relevant articles were identified. Nine studies found ACEs and childhood socioeconomic disadvantage were independently associated with depression-related outcomes. Seven studies reported that ACEs were significantly associated with depression-related outcomes, after accounting for childhood socioeconomic disadvantage, but not vice versa. Four studies assessed for synergistic effects between childhood socioeconomic disadvantage and ACEs on depression-related outcomes. Of these, only two studies found that childhood socioeconomic disadvantage modified the association between ACEs and depression-related outcomes.<i>Conclusion:</i> Associations existed between ACEs and depression-related outcomes despite controlling for childhood socioeconomic disadvantage. However, there was inconclusive evidence regarding the nature of childhood socioeconomic disadvantage when it was introduced into the relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12700016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring parents' and professionals' perspectives of a parent-infant psychotherapy approach in the North East of England.","authors":"Emer Cullen, Samantha Burns, Melissa Brown, Judith Rankin","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2025.2509569","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2025.2509569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Parent-infant psychotherapy is a therapeutic intervention intended to address problems in the parent-infant relationship. In Newcastle Upon Tyne, a family-centred charity, Children North East, began delivering parent-infant psychotherapy in 2017, to support parents and infant relationships by addressing unconscious elements of behaviour which can create relational trauma.<i>Objective:</i> A formative service evaluation explored parents' experiences of the Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Parent-Infant Partnership service, alongside wider healthcare professionals' perspectives of service delivery and impact on the parents and relationship with their babies.<i>Methods:</i> Interviews were undertaken with parents (<i>n</i> = 10) who had previously engaged with the service and healthcare professionals (<i>n</i> = 6) who had referred parents to Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Parent-Infant Partnership.<i>Results:</i> The interviews highlighted a flexible and relational approach to therapy sessions, which created a positive experience for families. However, there is a need to improve public and professional awareness of infant mental health, parent-infant psychotherapeutic and relational approaches.<i>Conclusions:</i> The service proved effective in supporting the relationship between parent and infant identified through the parent-infant psychotherapy approach, which was fluid, open and nurturing, relative to other experiences of therapy and mental health support available in the North East. Service providers would enhance their impact on families by building and strengthening partnerships with the multiple health and social care organisations and systems involved in supporting families, and ensure their services become more inclusive. Further research is required to identify specific needs in local contexts, long-term outcomes, and to define relevant outcome measures in families with relationship concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"173-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melike Kevser Gul, Yesim Savasci, Esra Demirci, Sevgi Ozmen
{"title":"Investigation of behavioural inhibition, emotional expression, and aggression in childhood separation anxiety disorder.","authors":"Melike Kevser Gul, Yesim Savasci, Esra Demirci, Sevgi Ozmen","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2026.2658535","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2026.2658535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between separation anxiety disorder (SAD) and behavioural inhibition remains unclear. Additionally, aggression and emotional expression in SAD have not yet been systematically studied. This study aimed to investigate behavioural inhibition, aggression, and emotional expression in children with SAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 30 treatment-naive patients with SAD (46.7% girls) and 30 healthy controls (HC) (33.3% girls), aged 60 to 84 months (70.76±9.44 months). The parents completed the Separation Anxiety Assessment Scale-Parent Version (SAAS-P), the Child Emotion Expressiveness Questionnaire (CEEQ), the Behavioural Inhibition Questionnaire (BIQ), and the Children's Aggression Scale-Parent Version (CAS-P).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total and subscale scores of the SAAS-P and BIQ were significantly higher in patients with SAD. Conversely, the SAD and HC groups' CEEQ and CAS-P subscale scores did not differ significantly. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine whether behavioural inhibition predicts SAD status. The BIQ score significantly and positively predicted SAD status (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.14, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Behavioural inhibition was significantly associated with SAD. Early recognition and intervention for behavioural inhibition can alter the development and course of the disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"42-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valeria M Duran, Victor O Cruz, Sixto E Sanchez, Marta B Rondon, Nelida Pinto, Erinn Cameron, Bizu Gelaye, Elizabeth J Levey
{"title":"The impact of a family-based perinatal intervention on the mental health of adolescent mothers in Perú.","authors":"Valeria M Duran, Victor O Cruz, Sixto E Sanchez, Marta B Rondon, Nelida Pinto, Erinn Cameron, Bizu Gelaye, Elizabeth J Levey","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2025.2509568","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2025.2509568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Although adolescent births have declined globally, low- and middle-income countries like Peru continue to experience high rates of adolescent fertility. Adolescent parents and their children face elevated health and developmental risks.<i>Aim:</i> This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a perinatal family-based intervention to support the infant-caregiver relationship among adolescent parents in Lima, Perú.<i>Methods:</i> Our study consisted of 54 pregnant adolescents who were randomised to an intervention or usual care. The intervention consisted of 10 telehealth visits beginning during the third trimester of pregnancy and continuing through six months postpartum. Depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and resilience were measured at the time of enrolment and again after completing the intervention. Data were assessed by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and difference-in-differences models using mixed effects linear regression analyses. This was a pilot study not powered for significance.<i>Results:</i> Median depression and anxiety scores decreased for both intervention and usual care groups from pregnancy to six months postpartum; the median score for resilience increased for both groups. The difference-in-differences models predicted a decrease in depression and anxiety scores and an increase in resilience scores in the intervention group compared to the usual care group. Results demonstrated fewer symptoms of generalised depression and anxiety and higher resilience among those who received the intervention.<i>Conclusion:</i> These findings highlight the need for future studies to further characterise the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of telehealth interventions for adolescent parents and their families in low-resource settings and to compare telehealth with in-person intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"91-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12453115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reframing youth mental health transition: Emotional continuity, social support, and cross-cultural perspectives.","authors":"Muhammad Taufiqurrahman","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2026.2689956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2026.2689956","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic and mental health status of United States of America adolescents with a past-year major depressive episode.","authors":"Ji-Yeun Park, Bethany Endo, Sarah Flores","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2026.2680867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2026.2680867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although the COVID-19 pandemic's negative impact on mental health has been well established, more research is needed to better understand the vulnerability of certain populations.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study compared the perceived negative impact of COVID-19 on mental health between United States of America (USA) adolescents with and without a past-year major depressive episode (MDE). Additionally, we examined factors associated with higher perceived negative impact among those with a past-year MDE.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample included adolescents aged 12 to 17 years from the 2021-2023 National Surveon Drug Use and Health (<i>N</i> = 31 861). Based on self-reported past-year MDE, participants were grouped as either with (<i>n</i> = 6 186) or without past-year MDE (<i>n</i> = 25 675). The prevalence of the perceived negative impact of COVID-19 on mental health was assessed between groups. Adjusted logistic regression was then conducted to examine factors associated with higher perceived negative impact among adolescents with past-year MDE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>USA adolescents with past-year MDE were significantly more likely to report higher perceived negative impact than those without an MDE (41% vs. 10.3%). Among adolescents with past-year MDE, females, older adolescents, and individuals from higher household income levels were more likely to report higher perceived negative impact than their respective counterparts. Additionally, financial worries due to COVID-19 were a significant predictor, showing a positive association with higher perceived negative impact.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>It is crucial to implement targeted interventions for high-risk subgroups of adolescents with a mental health condition to address their unique needs and mitigate the pandemic's lasting effects on mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148309853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceptions of child and adolescent mental health services in rural communities of the Chris Hani District, Eastern Cape province, South Africa.","authors":"Nomava Siyasamkela Jinoyi, Eugene Lee Davids","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2026.2680876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2026.2680876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, child and adolescent mental health services are a priority. Efforts are being made to highlight the gap in health systems concerning the lack of these services and to provide evidence for their necessity, particularly in disadvantaged areas such as rural communities in low- and middle- income countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of child and adolescent mental health services within primary healthcare facilities and secondary schools in rural communities of the Chris Hani District in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study employed a qualitative research approach with an exploratory design, recruiting 36 participants, including 12 professional nurses and 24 secondary school teachers, through purposive sampling. Data were collected via individual semi-structured interviews (<i>n</i> = 12) with professional nurses and focus group discussions (<i>n</i> = 6) with teachers. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings demonstrated a lack of child and adolescent mental health services in both primary healthcare facilities and secondary schools in rural communities, where children and adolescents could potentially access such services. Specifically, primary healthcare facilities reported having no mental health patients under the age of 18 years. Both healthcare professionals and schoolteachers indicated a lack of expertise in implementing services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Child and adolescent mental health services are lacking in rural communities of the Chris Hani District, Eastern Cape province, South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148309293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of an attention enhancement task on executive function in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jeeshma Vijin, Venkatesh Harohalli Iyer, Karvannan Harikesavan, Bhupendra Chaudhary, V Prem, Vani Lakshmi","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2026.2663026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2026.2663026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosed in childhood. Untreated ADHD can impair development and increase the likelihood of psychopathology due to executive dysfunctions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review examined the effect of attention training on executive functions in children with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Embase databases from January 2004 to May 2024, following PRISMA guidelines. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) involving children with ADHD (younger than 17 years) that included attention training alone or alongside standard treatments (such as medication) with executive functions as primary outcomes were included. Review Manager (RevMan), Version 5.4.1 and the Cochrane Collaboration, 2011, was used to evaluate study quality. The random effects model was used, and heterogeneity was measured via the <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies (<i>N</i> = 289) were included in the systematic review and three in the meta-analysis. The analysis revealed a significant effect of attention training on the global executive composite (SMD = 1.17, 95% CI:-2.11 to -0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.010), the behavioural regulation index (SMD = -0.34, 95% CI: -0.68 to -0.01, <i>p</i> = 0.040), and the metacognitive index (SMD = -0.70, 95% CI:-1.11 to -0.29, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Thus, attention training can enhance the behavioural and metacognitive functions of children with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review revealed that attention training may improve executive functions in children with ADHD. However, due to a few studies and heterogeneity, the findings must be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148240104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Di An, Linli Zhou, Yuanyuan An, Yiting Huang, Guangzhe Yuan
{"title":"Loneliness trajectories in early adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: The predictive role of perceived social support.","authors":"Di An, Linli Zhou, Yuanyuan An, Yiting Huang, Guangzhe Yuan","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2026.2661688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2026.2661688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: Loneliness poses various risks for adolescents, but the role of perceived social support in mitigating loneliness requires further exploration. This study examined the loneliness trajectories among early adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic and explored the impact of different types of perceived social support.<i>Methods</i>: A three-wave survey of 635 adolescents measured perceived social support and loneliness. Latent growth mixture model and logistic regression identified heterogeneous loneliness trajectories and the effects of perceived support.<i>Results</i>: Three loneliness trajectories were identified, including a high-increasing trajectory (14.02%), a moderate-increasing trajectory (21.73%), and a low-decreasing trajectory (64.25%). Early adolescents with lower emotional support were more likely to belong to the medium-level stable group than the low-level declining group, while enhancement of worth predicted medium-level stable membership. Increased intimacy was associated with a high-level rising trajectory.<i>Conclusion</i>: The findings underscore unique loneliness trajectories and the essential role of perceived social support, guiding targeted psychological interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148206346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bronwyne Coetzee, Phillipa Haine, Marnus Janse van Vuuren, Ashraf Kagee
{"title":"Examining the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on late-adolescent learners in the Western Cape, South Africa.","authors":"Bronwyne Coetzee, Phillipa Haine, Marnus Janse van Vuuren, Ashraf Kagee","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2026.2649249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2026.2649249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly disrupted education in South Africa, yet quantitative investigations into its mental health impact among learners in late adolescence remain scarce. This study examined associations between COVID-19-related cognitive appraisals and psychological outcomes among late-adolescent learners (aged 18-19 years), a group navigating the transition to adulthood amid substantial educational and social uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A convenience sample of 239 late-adolescent learners (mean age = 18.13 years; 72% female) from seven public schools in informal and semi-urban communities in the Western Cape completed an online survey between March and August 2022. Standardised measures assessed symptoms of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), alcohol use, fear of COVID-19, perceived vulnerability to disease, and COVID-19-related worry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High levels of psychological distress were observed within the sample: 59% reported clinically significant depressive symptoms, 39% severe anxiety, 35% clinically significant PTSD symptoms, and 13% alcohol use suggestive of dependence. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that fear of COVID-19 was a significant predictor of all four mental health outcomes (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Perceived vulnerability to disease independently predicted PTSD symptoms (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and alcohol use (<i>p</i> < 0.01). <i>Conclusion</i>: These findings highlight the importance of school-based mental health interventions that target learners' cognitive appraisals of threat and vulnerability during periods of educational disruption, with implications for strengthening preparedness for future public health emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147717478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}