Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health最新文献

Perceived causal symptom network of adolescent mental health issues. 青少年心理健康问题的感知因果症状网络。

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2023.2283032

Amanda Bångstad, Judit Fellman, Carl Rosendahl, Martin Bellander, M. Cervin, J. Bjureberg, Lars Klintwall

{"title":"Perceived causal symptom network of adolescent mental health issues.","authors":"Amanda Bångstad, Judit Fellman, Carl Rosendahl, Martin Bellander, M. Cervin, J. Bjureberg, Lars Klintwall","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2023.2283032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2023.2283032","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescent mental health is difficult to capture in categories such as depression or specific anxiety disorders. An alternative is to approach psychiatric symptoms as causal networks, potentially revealing feedback loops that maintain a pathological state. One approach to creating such networks, implemented in the PECAN methodology, is to ask adolescents about their perceptions of the causes to their symptoms. For this purpose, a transdiagnostic item list was created, and adolescents who screened positive for depression (N = 55) completed twice in two weeks a survey quantifying perceptions of causality between their mental health problems. A network that was averaged across all participants was reliable and revealed three strong feedback loops: a first loop running through stress, insomnia, fatigue, procrastination, and back to stress; a second loop between stress and overthinking; and a third loop between stress and procrastination. Although all adolescents in the study screened positive for depression, symptoms of depression were not particularly central to the network. Instead, the most central symptoms were procrastination and overthinking. The average test-retest reliability for individual networks was low, limiting clinical application. In conclusion, PECAN was found to be reliable and useful when creating a group-level network of adolescent mental health problems. While informative at a group level, the method should be improved before it can be used to inform treatment at the individual level.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140686533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between mild depression and anxiety and physical inactivity among school-going Ugandan adolescents aged 14 to 17 years. 乌干达 14 至 17 岁在校青少年中轻度抑郁和焦虑与缺乏运动之间的关系。

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2023.2288969

J. Mugisha, T. Van Damme, D. Vancampfort

{"title":"Associations between mild depression and anxiety and physical inactivity among school-going Ugandan adolescents aged 14 to 17 years.","authors":"J. Mugisha, T. Van Damme, D. Vancampfort","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2023.2288969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2023.2288969","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate associations between physical activity levels and emotional and behavioural problems in school-going adolescents aged 14 to 17 years in Uganda.Methods: Two-hundred and five adolescents [median (interquartile range) age = 16.0 (1.0) years; female = 61.9%] completed the interviewer-administered Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7), and the Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS) measure. Spearman's rho correlations and Mann-Whitney U-tests were applied.Results: Among 205 adolescents, 97.1% were physically inactive (PAVS < 420min/week), while 64.4% reported either mild depressive (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) or anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 5) symptoms. Higher PAVS scores correlated significantly with lower SDQ emotional problems (ρ = -0.23, p < 0.001), lower PHQ-9 (ρ = -0.26, p < 0.001), and lower GAD-7 (ρ = -0.22, p < 0.001) scores. Those with emotional problems (SDQ ≥ 5) (n = 86) were significantly less physically active than those without (n = 119) [30.0 (62.5) versus 60.0 (105.0) min/week, p < 0.001]. Those with depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) were significantly less physically active than those without [35.0 (70.0) versus 60.0 (120.0) min/week, p < 0.001].Conclusion: Physical inactivity and mental health problems are related important public health concerns in school-going adolescents in low-income countries such as Uganda. The efficacy and effectiveness of school-based mental health literacy programs, including physical activity promotion, should be explored in these low-resource settings.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating social and academic isolation: a qualitative exploration of American university students' perspectives and experiences early in the COVID-19 pandemic. 驾驭社会和学术孤立：对美国大学生在 COVID-19 大流行初期的观点和经历的定性探索。

IF 0.3

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2024.2313469

Ashlynn Lawston, Luna Lowsky, McKenna Ross, Christine Hackman

{"title":"Navigating social and academic isolation: a qualitative exploration of American university students' perspectives and experiences early in the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Ashlynn Lawston, Luna Lowsky, McKenna Ross, Christine Hackman","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2313469","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2313469","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To qualitatively explore the multifaceted impacts of the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of American university students.Method: Undergraduate students in general education courses at a mid-sized public Western U.S. university were recruited to complete a Qualtrics survey that evaluated their perceptions, beliefs, and behaviours towards COVID-19. Thematic analysis identified prevailing themes regarding the positive and negative changes to students' lives during the pandemic.Results: Participants included undergraduate students (N = 241) between the ages of 18 and 24 (74.7% women), with 49.4% identifying as White. Thematic analysis of the survey identified several codes encompassed by six key themes: (1) shifting social interactions; (2) wellness; (3) school; (4) financial changes; (5) loss of experiences; and (6) political turmoil.Conclusion: Some students identified positive consequences (e.g., more family time, more flexible schedule), while almost all students reported negative consequences (e.g., difficulty with time management and organisation, loss of job or income) of the COVID-19 pandemic. University communities should consider providing additional academic, financial, and mental health resources to students to further mitigate the lasting consequences of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping the contextual mental health interventions for perinatal adolescent mothers with self-reported common mental symptoms (anxiety and depression) in sub-Saharan African countries: a scoping review. 为撒哈拉以南非洲国家自述有常见精神症状（焦虑和抑郁）的围产期未成年母亲绘制精神健康干预背景图：范围界定综述。

IF 0.3

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2024.2323922

Chimwemwe Pindani Tembo, Linda Portsmouth, Sharyn K Burns

{"title":"Mapping the contextual mental health interventions for perinatal adolescent mothers with self-reported common mental symptoms (anxiety and depression) in sub-Saharan African countries: a scoping review.","authors":"Chimwemwe Pindani Tembo, Linda Portsmouth, Sharyn K Burns","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2323922","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2323922","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Early preventive interventions may support adolescent mothers' mental health during the perinatal period. However, adolescent maternal mental health interventions have received little empirical research attention. This scoping review maps the evidence on interventions appropriate for adolescent mothers during the perinatal period in Sub-Saharan African countries.Methods: The process was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for scoping reviews. Five databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and ProQuest, were searched for citations of studies published from 2000. The reporting is according to Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA).Results: The initial search of databases resulted in 2 757 records. After duplicates were removed, 311 records were screened, and eight records included. Interventions included five key strategies: cognitive behavioural therapy; group problem-solving; psychoeducation; psychosocial group counselling; and integrated mothers and babies course and early childhood development group-based intervention. None of the interventions specifically targeted adolescent mothers, however.Discussion and conclusion: There is limited evidence of interventions specific to adolescent mothers. There is a need for the development, implementation and evaluation of specific interventions relevant to this population group.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Play therapy efficacy in ADHD-symptom reduction as measured by the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA). 游戏疗法对注意力变异测试（TOVA）测量的多动症-症状减轻的疗效。

IF 0.3

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2024.2326031

Susi Rutmalem Bangun, Bayu Soenarsana Putra, Wahyu Tri Atmojo, Ery Surya Sevriana, Yumna Nur Millati Hanifa, Rayi Citra Ayu Pangestuti

{"title":"Play therapy efficacy in ADHD-symptom reduction as measured by the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA).","authors":"Susi Rutmalem Bangun, Bayu Soenarsana Putra, Wahyu Tri Atmojo, Ery Surya Sevriana, Yumna Nur Millati Hanifa, Rayi Citra Ayu Pangestuti","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2326031","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2326031","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of play therapy combined with the standard psychotropic medication treatment, compared to only standard psychotropic medication treatment in ADHD children as measured by the test of variables of attention (TOVA).Methods: This is a case-control study conducted at Soerojo Hospital, Magelang, Indonesia. Children (N = 66) were purposively recruited. The children were divided into two groups based on the intervention received: the experimental group (play therapy and standard psychotropic medication) and control group (standard psychotropic medication only). Methylphenidate was used as the standard psychotropic therapy. The TOVA was performed before and after intervention. The pre-intervention and post-intervention mean difference (MD) in the Attention Comparison Score (ACS) and Comparison to the Normative Sample (CNS) for each group was compared and statistically analysed using t-tests and Wilcoxon tests.Results: There was a significant difference between the ACS score of the experimental group's MD and the control group's MD (p < 0.05). For most TOVA parameters on CNS scores, the experimental group had a significantly higher MD than the control group.Conclusion: Play therapy coupled with psychotropic medication reduced ADHD symptoms, including inattention and impulsivity, as objectively measured by the TOVA.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial. 社论

IF 0.3

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2024.2381986

John Goodwin

引用次数: 0

Adolescent psychiatric inpatients' perceptions of treatment and seclusion. 青少年精神病住院患者对治疗和隔离的看法。

IF 0.3

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2024.2323937

Miriam K Yurtbasi, Michael Gordon, Leeanne Fisher, Ric Haslam, Chidambaram Prakash, Bianca Blatchford, Christine Pavlou, Daniel Darmanin, Stephanie Verstandig, Adam Blake, Whitney Cornell, Lauren Cameron, Glenn Melvin

{"title":"Adolescent psychiatric inpatients' perceptions of treatment and seclusion.","authors":"Miriam K Yurtbasi, Michael Gordon, Leeanne Fisher, Ric Haslam, Chidambaram Prakash, Bianca Blatchford, Christine Pavlou, Daniel Darmanin, Stephanie Verstandig, Adam Blake, Whitney Cornell, Lauren Cameron, Glenn Melvin","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2323937","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2323937","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: A great deal of attention is being directed at the use of seclusion in adolescent inpatient psychiatric units due to its forceful nature and negative impact on inpatients and staff. This mixed methods study aimed to explore and compare the level of satisfaction with the services received and perspectives on seclusion in secluded and non-secluded adolescent inpatients.Methods: This study included 188 participants, across three adolescent inpatient psychiatric units in Australia; 17% reported having experienced seclusion. A mixed methods approach was employed. Participants completed the Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 and Perceptions of Treatment and Seclusion Questionnaire shortly before or at discharge. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Secluded participants were more likely to report issues with broader care experiences on the Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire-8. Secluded individuals reported ongoing negative effects from seclusion but were more likely than non-secluded participants to believe seclusion is necessary. Qualitative analyses showed that both secluded and non-secluded individuals considered seclusion to be traumatic, many did not agree with its use.Conclusions: Communication between inpatients and staff regarding seclusion needs to be improved and there needs to be ongoing support in relation to seclusion during and after discharge. Many adolescent inpatients acknowledge the necessity of seclusion whilst advocating for reduced seclusion.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing and validating a scale to measure trauma-informed practices used by teachers in inclusive schools in Ghana and the United Arab Emirates. 制定并验证量表，以衡量加纳和阿拉伯联合酋长国全纳学校教师采用的创伤知情做法。

IF 0.3

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2024.2307971

Maxwell Peprah Opoku, Hala Elhoweris, Ashraf Moustafa, Daniel Miezah, Haseena Shah, Ghadah Al Murshidi

{"title":"Developing and validating a scale to measure trauma-informed practices used by teachers in inclusive schools in Ghana and the United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Maxwell Peprah Opoku, Hala Elhoweris, Ashraf Moustafa, Daniel Miezah, Haseena Shah, Ghadah Al Murshidi","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2307971","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2307971","url":null,"abstract":"Research on trauma-informed practices is common in Western countries, but non-Western countries have made minimal contributions in this regard. This study aimed to develop an instrument which could be used to measure perceived competence of teachers in the implementation of trauma-informed practices for students with disabilities in Ghana and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The Teacher Trauma Management Scale (TTMS), developed using the trauma framework by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration was used to collect data from 514 teachers in Ghana (n 270) and the UAE (n = 244). Data were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis) and a two-way factorial analysis of variance was conducted. While one hypothesis was supported by the study findings, the other was only partially supported. The findings provided theoretical and structural support for the newly developed TTMS in a non-Western context. This study highlights the need to develop contextual trauma management training models or a curriculum for training teachers.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental evaluation of a neurophysiological intervention designed to increase student resilience: a pilot study. 旨在提高学生适应能力的神经生理学干预实验评估：试点研究。

IF 0.3

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2024.2336473

Alex Kresovich, Kai MacLean, Caroline M Lancaster, Elizabeth D Torres, Jeff R Temple, Elizabeth A Mumford

{"title":"Experimental evaluation of a neurophysiological intervention designed to increase student resilience: a pilot study.","authors":"Alex Kresovich, Kai MacLean, Caroline M Lancaster, Elizabeth D Torres, Jeff R Temple, Elizabeth A Mumford","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2336473","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2024.2336473","url":null,"abstract":"Social and emotional learning (SEL) interventions have shown promise for building resilience and protecting youth from adverse outcomes. This study reports on an experimental pilot evaluation of the Smart Brain Wise Heart SEL intervention during the 2021-2022 school year. Smart Brain Wise Heart (SBWH) uses a neurophysiological approach among ninth-grade students to evaluate the intervention's impact on youth resiliency, self-compassion, peer violence exposure, internalising disorders, and hyperactivity. Results did not indicate any significant universal changes in target outcomes. These null findings regarding universal impact may be explained by the unprecedented difficulty of implementing a school-based intervention amid ongoing COVID-19 restrictions and administrative issues. Despite these obstacles, students with lower academic achievement in the intervention condition scored significantly higher for resilience and self-compassion and lower on depressive symptoms than their peers in the comparison condition, even when controlling for baseline scores, sex, attachment (father, mother, peer), and exposure to adverse childhood experiences. Our findings suggest SBWH programming may have important implications for the trajectories of students exhibiting lower academic achievement, at a minimum, by significantly improving their emotional resilience, self-compassion, and depressive symptoms during a vital developmental stage. More research is urgently needed under optimal conditions to assess the universal implementation of the program.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Creative arts interventions to enhance adolescent well-being in low-income communities: an integrative literature review. 为提高低收入社区青少年福祉而采取的创意艺术干预措施：综合文献综述。

Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2023.2277775

Dilshaad Begham Bux, Izanette van Schalkwyk

{"title":"Creative arts interventions to enhance adolescent well-being in low-income communities: an integrative literature review.","authors":"Dilshaad Begham Bux, Izanette van Schalkwyk","doi":"10.2989/17280583.2023.2277775","DOIUrl":"10.2989/17280583.2023.2277775","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally many young people, especially from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, face significant barriers to achieving optimal life chances. Creative arts interventions are a way of reaching out to adolescents in low-income communities, to encourage positive functioning and enhanced well-being. We need information on the efficacy - or otherwise - of such interventions to optimise future efforts.Method: An integrative, descriptive literature review was conducted to explore and describe creative arts interventions for adolescents in low-income communities. Data were synthesised by comparing evidence from 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria, and combining ideas using logical reasoning to present what is known or yet to be known about the study topic.Results: Themes emerged regarding the structure and content of interventions; the characteristics of adolescent participants; the countries and contexts in which interventions were carried out; and overall outcomes for adolescent well-being as well as pedagogy.Conclusion: There are worthy outcomes for adolescents living in low-income communities who participate in structured creative arts interventions. However, research evidence is limited, and more research should be undertaken to investigate the development and evaluation of creative arts interventions for the well-being of adolescents in adverse contexts.","PeriodicalId":45290,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0