Mohamed Siraj Shahul Hameed, Ann Wright, Bernard Su Min Chern
{"title":"Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: Current Understanding and Treatment Including Role of Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques.","authors":"Mohamed Siraj Shahul Hameed, Ann Wright, Bernard Su Min Chern","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_116_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_116_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is increasing reflecting the global increase in cesarean section (CS) rate which has almost doubled since 2000. CSP differs from other types of ectopic pregnancy in its ability to progress while still carrying a significant risk of maternal morbidity. Little is known about precise etiology or natural history although current interest in the pathology of placenta accretes spectrum disorders might be enlightening. Early detection and treatment of CSP are challenging. Once diagnosed, the recommendation is to offer early termination of pregnancy because of the potential risks of continuing the pregnancy. However, as the likelihood of future pregnancy complications for any CSP varies depending on its individual characteristics, this might not always be necessary nor might it be the patient's preferred choice if she is asymptomatic, hemodynamically stable, and wants a baby. The literature supports an interventional rather than a medical approach but the safest and most efficient clinical approach to CSP in terms of treatment modality and service delivery has yet to be determined. This review aims to provide an overview of CSP etiology, natural history, and clinical implications. Treatment options and methods of CSP repair are discussed. We describe our experience in a large tertiary center in Singapore with around 16 cases/year where most treatment modalities are available as well as an \"accreta service\" for continuing pregnancies. We present a simple algorithm for approach to management including a method of triaging for those CSPs suitable for minimally invasive surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 2","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/97/96/GMIT-12-64.PMC10321345.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10164075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery in a Second-trimester Pregnant Woman with an Ovarian Teratoma.","authors":"Li-Yeh Chen, Dah-Ching Ding","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_107_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_107_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the first case of a pregnant woman with teratoma, who underwent vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES). Mature ovarian cystic teratomas compromise 20%-30% of all ovarian tumors. The best surgical management is still unclear, especially during pregnancy. A 21-year-old pregnant woman (gravida 1, para 0) at 14 weeks and 3 days of gestational age was admitted with an intermittent mild sharp and dull pain in her right lower abdomen when walking or moving lower limbs. Pelvic ultrasonography revealed a 5.9 cm × 5.4 cm heterogeneous mass that was suspected as a teratoma in the right adnexa. Initially, laparoendoscopic single-site ovarian cystectomy (OC) was arranged. However, the ovarian tumor was impeded by the enlarged uterus. The OC procedure was changed to vNOTES OC. The vNOTES OC was performed smoothly and the pathology confirmed the mass to be a teratoma. After the operation, she recovered well and was discharged 2 days after the operation without any complication. In conclusion, the application of vNOTES in the second-trimester pregnancy might be considered safe and effective. The vNOTES can be performed safely in selected patients and by an experienced surgeon.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 2","pages":"116-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/ca/GMIT-12-116.PMC10321348.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10182982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuria Ginjaume Garcia, Cristina Soler Moreno, Natalia Teixeira, Pia Español Lloret, Rocío Luna Guibourg, Ramon Rovira Negre
{"title":"Comparison of Laparoscopy and Laparotomy in the Management of Early-stage Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Nuria Ginjaume Garcia, Cristina Soler Moreno, Natalia Teixeira, Pia Español Lloret, Rocío Luna Guibourg, Ramon Rovira Negre","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_99_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_99_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of minimally invasive surgery for early-stage ovarian cancer (EOC) by comparing the surgical and survival outcomes between laparoscopy and laparotomy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, single-center observational study that included all patients who underwent surgical staging for EOC by laparoscopy or laparotomy between 2010 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-nine patients were included; of which 20 underwent laparoscopy, 26 laparotomy, and three conversion from laparoscopy to laparotomy. No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding operative time, number of lymph nodes dissected, or intraoperative tumor rupture rate, while estimated blood loss and transfusion requirements were lower in the laparoscopy group. The complication rate tended to be higher in the laparotomy group. Patients in the laparoscopy group had a faster recovery, with earlier urinary catheter and abdominal drain removal, shorter hospital stay, and a trend toward earlier tolerance of oral diet and mobilization. At a mean follow-up of 45.7 months, 14 patients had disease recurrence, with no differences in the mean progression-free survival between the two groups (36 months for laparoscopy vs. 35.5 months for laparotomy, <i>P</i> = 0.22).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Laparoscopic surgery performed by a trained gynecological oncologist is a safe and effective surgical approach for comprehensive staging of EOC, with the additional benefits of a faster recovery compared to laparotomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 2","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a1/1c/GMIT-12-83.PMC10321349.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9805810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zin Mar Lay, Gillian Patrick C Gonzalez, Jhanice S Paredes, Kuan-Gen Huang, Chyi-Long Lee
{"title":"Three-dimensional Laparoscopic Hemihysterectomy in a Case of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome.","authors":"Zin Mar Lay, Gillian Patrick C Gonzalez, Jhanice S Paredes, Kuan-Gen Huang, Chyi-Long Lee","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_40_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_40_23","url":null,"abstract":"patient The patient was a 16-year-old female without prior intercourse. She suffered from severe right lower abdominal pain, accompanied by yellowish-greenish vaginal discharge lasting for the past 2 months. Ultrasonography showed a confluent cystic lesion measuring 7.5 cm × 6.0 cm in size, double uterus and cervix with right hematometra, and an absent right kidney. Computerized tomography scan revealed a double uterus with a right hemivaginal cystic lesion and obstruction of the right hemivagina.She was diagnosed as a case of HWWS.","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 2","pages":"99-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/14/4e/GMIT-12-99.PMC10321342.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10182980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Alternative Treatment for Uterine Fibroids and Adenomyosis: High-intensity Focused Ultrasound.","authors":"Keen Whye Lee, Chyi-Long Lee","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_20_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_20_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uterine fibroids and adenomyosis are benign tumors commonly seen in gynecology clinics, more than cancers of the cervix or uterine cancers. Surgical methods for adenomyosis are often unsatisfactory, difficult, and not reproducible. Ultrasound (US)-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) (US-guided HIFU) adds another dimension to surgery for the treatment of fibroids and adenomyosis. It offers patients an alternative choice to be treated. US-guided HIFU revolutionizes the art of surgery and is a new disruption in the world of medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 2","pages":"61-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e4/e0/GMIT-12-61.PMC10321341.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10164068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of Laparoscopic Adenomyomectomy on Perinatal Outcomes.","authors":"Yosuke Ono, Hajime Ota, Yoshiyuki Fukushi, Hikaru Tagaya, Yasuhiko Okuda, Osamu Yoshino, Hideto Yamada, Shuji Hirata, Shinichiro Wada","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_45_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_45_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to observe the influence of laparoscopic adenomyomectomy on perinatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The retrospective cohort study included 43 pregnant cases with adenomyosis who did not undergo laparoscopic surgery before pregnancy (nonsurgery group; 26 cases) and did (surgery group; 17 cases). To evaluate the impact of surgery on perinatal outcomes, nine obstetric complications including preterm delivery, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, placental malposition, oligohydramnios, gestational diabetes mellitus, uterine rupture, abruptio placentae, and postpartum hemorrhage were selected. One obstetric complication was counted as one point (Maximum 9 points for one person). The obstetrical morbidity was compared by adding up the number of relevant events (0-9) between the two groups. Apgar score, umbilical artery pH (UApH), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and neonatal death were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The surgery group had a significantly lower prevalence of fetal growth restriction compared to the nonsurgery group (nonsurgery vs. surgery; 26.9%, 7/26 vs. 0%, 0/17: <i>P</i> = 0.031). No differences were found in the morbidity of the nine obstetric complications (19.2%, 45/234 vs. 13.7%, 21/153), gestational weeks (mean ± standard deviation, 37.2 ± 2.4 vs. 36.4 ± 3.2), birth weight (2573.6 ± 557.9 vs. 2555.4 ± 680.8 g), Apgar score (1, 5 min; 8.0 ± 0.7 vs. 7.7 ± 1.2, 8.9 ± 0.6 vs. 8.5 ± 1.8), UApH (7.28 ± 0.08 vs. 7.28 ± 0.06), NICU admission (26.9%, 7/26 vs. 41.2%, 7/17), and neonatal death (0%, 0%) between both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Laparoscopic adenomyomectomy may not increase obstetric complications, although attention must be paid to uterine rupture during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 1","pages":"211-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10683966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46782263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Radical Hysterectomy to Radical Surgery for Deep Endometriosis.","authors":"Chyi-Long Lee, Boom Ping Khoo, Kuan-Gen Huang","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_140_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_140_22","url":null,"abstract":"Pelvic surgery is a study and art of the basic human anatomy; besides removing pathological organs and parts, it allows the study of pelvic anatomy through careful dissection of its structures. Radical pelvic surgery started about 120 years ago; it has progressively improved and evolved techniques to provide the best outcome for gynecological cancers. It started initially with a laparotomy approach of radical and debulking surgeries with complete systematic pelvic lymph node dissection, para-aortic lymph node dissection, and omentectomy. Since the 1990s with the introduction of minimally invasive surgery for gynecology diseases, the management of gynecological cancer has evolved into individualized treatment. It has made Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) the gold standard treatment for endometrial cancer. [1-5] Many doctors and researchers worldwide have a positive opinion regarding the MIS approach in treating cervical cancer;[6] it benefits fertility preservation, lower morbidity, and quicker recovery compared to open surgery.[7-10] The current trend for gynecological cancer is shifting toward the MIS approach; in developed countries, MIS for endometrial cancers has increased from 10% to more than 80%.[11]","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/5f/GMIT-12-1.PMC10071867.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9270712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonio Pellegrino, Mario Villa, Maria Cristina Cesana, Anna Myriam Perrone, Antonio Malvasi, Vera Loizzi, Pierluigi Giampaolino, Ettore Cicinelli, Pierandrea De Iaco, Gianluca Raffaello Damiani
{"title":"Robotic Lateral Pelvic Organ Prolapse Suspension of Multicompartment Vaginal Prolapse.","authors":"Antonio Pellegrino, Mario Villa, Maria Cristina Cesana, Anna Myriam Perrone, Antonio Malvasi, Vera Loizzi, Pierluigi Giampaolino, Ettore Cicinelli, Pierandrea De Iaco, Gianluca Raffaello Damiani","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_97_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_97_21","url":null,"abstract":"InteRventIons The procedure uses a titanized propylene prosthesis shaped in T that gives it maneuverability and elasticity proper to native tissues. The positioning technique involves a first phase of removing peritoneum from the vaginal dome and then the disconnect of the vescicovaginal band to delimit the mesh anchoring plans. The lateral trajectory of it consists to insert in a retrograde manner the side arm of the prothesis in the context of the lateral abdominal wall with a posterior projection to the anterior-upper iliac crest in a space which is free of major complications [Figures 1 and 2]. Procedure started with dissection of the cervicovesical pouch. The vesicovaginal space was then identified between the bladder and the anterior vaginal wall. A mesh (Endolas® 41.5 cm × 5 cm × 15 cm) with two lateral arms was tailored and fixed to the vagina, by six sutures of 2-0 polyglactin 910. The","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 1","pages":"44-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/85/GMIT-12-44.PMC10071865.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9270714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenro Chikazawa, Ken Imai, Masahiro Misawa, Tomoyuki Kuwata
{"title":"A Safe and Standardized Strategy for Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in Patients with a History of Cesarean Section.","authors":"Kenro Chikazawa, Ken Imai, Masahiro Misawa, Tomoyuki Kuwata","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_80_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_80_22","url":null,"abstract":"1. Dissecting the ureter, ligating the cut round ligament, posterior layer of the broad ligament, uterosacral ligament, and infundibulopelvic ligament/ligamentum ovarii proprium 2. Dissection under the bladder pillar bilaterally, followed by dissection under the bladder caudal to the adhesion from the cesarean section 3. If we could not dissect the bladder using step 2, it implied that the adhesions were widespread and we thus would perform dissection more caudally. Therefore, we ligated the uterine artery and the ureteric branches of the uterine artery and dissected the ureter laterally. To reach the vesicouterine pouch from a more caudal and dorsal direction, a dissection under the layer of the uterine artery and superior vesical artery was performed.[3,4] In other words, we reached the vesicouterine pouch under the ureteric tunnel, as is the case during uterine cancer surgery.[5] Thereafter, we approached an area which was more caudal to the adhesion area. This area is usually dissected in a modified radical hysterectomy.","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 1","pages":"46-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3e/e5/GMIT-12-46.PMC10071868.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9614240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Periureteral Liposarcoma Causes of Hydroureter and Hydronephrosis: An Unpredictable Diagnosis.","authors":"Tzu-En Lin, Kuo-Chang Wen, Hung-Cheng Lai, Ling-Hui Chu","doi":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_29_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_29_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When obstructive lesions from the uterus or ovaries are suspected, patients with hydronephrosis are usually referred to a gynecologist. Here, a case of suspected endometriosis-related hydroureteronephrosis is reported. A 43-year-old woman with hydronephrosis was found to have a left distal periureteral tumor on the computerized tomography scan. Before the operation, the hydroureteronephrosis was suspected caused by the obstruction of ureter, related with ureteral endometriosis; however, the postoperative pathology revealed the diagnosis of retroperitoneal well-differentiated liposarcoma. When female patients have hydronephrosis, gynecologic causes should be considered. Both benign and malignant causes are needed to include when making differential diagnosis. Therefore, robot-assisted surgery is a feasible option because of its lower morbidity rate and more precise dissection of soft tissue than laparotomy in both benign and malignant retroperitoneal tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"12 1","pages":"51-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/45/01/GMIT-12-51.PMC10071875.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9628590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}