{"title":"Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Ovary in Pregnancy: A Case Report.","authors":"Kavita Khoiwal, Polaki Manisha, Prashant Durgapal, Shalini Bose, Rama Divya Reddy, Jaya Chaturvedi","doi":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00039","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Juvenile-type granulosa cell tumors (JGCT) of the ovary are extremely rare. Most of them occur in premenarchal girls. The occurrence of JGCT in an adult, particularly during pregnancy, is very rare. Only 12 cases of JGCT have been reported during pregnancy in the last three decades in the literature review. We report one such case of JGCT in a 28-year-old pregnant woman and its management during pregnancy, along with a review of the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"15 1","pages":"84-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Implications of Extracellular Vesicles in Endometriosis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Marcelina Sztyler-Krąkowska, Agnieszka Wąsowicz","doi":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00062","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Endometriosis (EM) is a chronic gynecological condition characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Diagnosis has traditionally been challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and reliance on invasive procedures like laparoscopy. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been implicated in EM pathogenesis, offering potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This study systematically reviews the role of EVs in EM.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses -guided systematic review was conducted. On March 3, 2024, PubMed, Medline, and Scopus were searched using the keywords \"endometriosis\" and either \"extracellular vesicles,\" \"EV,\" or \"EVs,\" along with \"treatment,\" \"monitoring,\" or \"diagnosis.\" The review included English-language original papers published between 2019 and 2024 focusing on EVs in EM. Studies on animals and those lacking direct references to EM were excluded from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12 studies, comprising 657 patients, met the inclusion criteria. The studies examined EV cargo for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, with MicroRNAs (miRNAs) being the most frequently analyzed component. Five studies discussed miRNAs as potential diagnostic markers. EVs were also studied for their role in EM pathogenesis, including cell communication, immunomodulation, and angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EVs show promise as noninvasive biomarkers for early-stage EM detection and management. Their involvement in disease pathogenesis suggests potential therapeutic applications. Identifying specific exosomal markers related to EM remains an active area of research.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"15 1","pages":"65-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diego Armando Burgos Briones, Rong Ma, Wen Zhou, Yu Xiong, Lian Zhang, Min Zou, Zhibiao Wang
{"title":"Analysis of Pregnancy Outcomes and Influencing Factors in Patients with Uterine Fibroids after High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation.","authors":"Diego Armando Burgos Briones, Rong Ma, Wen Zhou, Yu Xiong, Lian Zhang, Min Zou, Zhibiao Wang","doi":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00059","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective is to analyze factors influencing pregnancy outcomes in patients with uterine fibroids after high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with uterine fibroids who wished to have children underwent HIFU treatment at Chongqing Haifu Hospital from April 2011 to May 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. HIFU treatment results were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging, and the postoperative pregnancy outcomes were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>302 out of 748 (40.4%) patients became pregnant after HIFU, including 88.1% (273/310) in natural and 11.9% (37/310) in assisted reproduction. At the end of follow-up, 273 patients had 281 successful deliveries. No patient had a uterine rupture during pregnancy or delivery after HIFU. Patients with multiple fibroids had a lower probability of conception compared to those with a single fibroid (odds ratio [OR] >1, <i>P</i> < 0.05). A larger NPV ratio was associated with a higher likelihood of pregnancy (OR > 1, <i>P</i> < 0.05). Submucosal fibroids were an independent risk factor for pregnancy compared to subserosal fibroids (OR > 1, <i>P</i> < 0.05). In contrast, intramural or mixed-type fibroids were independent protective factors for pregnancy compared to submucosal fibroids (OR < 1, <i>P</i> < 0.05). A significant difference in NPV ratio and number of fibroids was also observed between patients in the delivery group and the miscarriage group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIFU treatment is safe and effective for patients with uterine fibroids who wish to have a child. Older age, multiple fibroids, submucosal fibroids, and low NPV have negative effects on pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"15 1","pages":"44-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances in Pelvic Organ Prolapse Management.","authors":"Chyi-Long Lee","doi":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-25-00059","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-25-00059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comparison of the Postoperative Outcomes of Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy and Transvaginal Surgery Using ORIHIME<sup>®</sup> Mesh with Wide Arms for Pelvic Organ Prolapse.","authors":"Kenji Kuroda, Koetsu Hamamoto, Kazuki Kawamura, Ayako Masunaga, Akio Horiguchi, Keiichi Ito","doi":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00024","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-24-00024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Both transvaginal mesh surgery with wide arms (TVMWA) and laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) are effective surgical treatments for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) with reportedly low recurrence rates. In the present study, we compared the postoperative outcomes of TVMWA and LSC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated 142 patients with POP who underwent LSC or TVMWA at our hospital. We measured the changes in lower urinary tract symptoms before and after surgery using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) plus Quality of Life (QOL) score, Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF), postvoiding residual urine volume (PVR), and 60-min pad weight testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median blood loss was much lower in the LSC group than in the TVMWA group. However, the median surgical duration was significantly longer in the LSC group than in the TVMWA group (both <i>P</i> < 0.0001). The PVR, IPSS plus QOL scores, OABSS, and ICIQ-SF scores all decreased significantly after surgery in both the groups. There were no significant changes between the pre- and postoperative 60-min pad weights in either group. There were no significant differences in the rate of stress urinary incontinence, mesh exposure, or prolapse recurrence after surgery between the two groups. ICIQ-SF scores were significantly more improved in the TVMWA group compared to the LSC group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that both TVMWA and LSC are effective surgical methods of ameliorating POP. However, considering the burden such as longer operative time on the patient treated with LSC, we recommend more frequent employment of TVMWA.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"15 1","pages":"52-57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vitamin D Gene Polymorphisms in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Implications for Cardiovascular Risk.","authors":"Anna Vittoria Mattioli","doi":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-25-00014","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-25-00014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"15 1","pages":"98-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Points to Remember in Ovarian Eponyms Pearls: Dr. Fritz Malignant Brenner Tumor.","authors":"Arvind Kumar, Ritu Thakur, Ravi Hari Phulware","doi":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-25-00042","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-25-00042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"15 1","pages":"100-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ren Yingqiang, Hu Zhonglian, Yin Li, Wang Jinwei, Li Yuan, Gao Jun, Chen Jinyun, Pu Yuanfang
{"title":"Synergistic Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Focused Ultrasound Ablation Surgery Combined with Thermal Balloon Endometrial Ablation in Treating Adenomyosis: A Prospective Controlled Study.","authors":"Ren Yingqiang, Hu Zhonglian, Yin Li, Wang Jinwei, Li Yuan, Gao Jun, Chen Jinyun, Pu Yuanfang","doi":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-25-00096","DOIUrl":"10.4103/gmit.GMIT-D-25-00096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergistic efficacy and safety of focused ultrasound ablation therapy (FUAS) combined with thermal balloon endometrial ablation (TBEA) in treating adenomyosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 103 patients diagnosed with adenomyosis admitted to Nanchuan District People's Hospital of Chongqing from July 2022 to December 2023 were randomized into two groups. The experimental group (<i>n</i> = 36) received FUAS combined with TBEA, whereas the control group (<i>n</i> = 67) underwent FUAS alone. All patients were followed up for 12 months. Clinical symptoms, serological markers, imaging parameters, and adverse events were compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 months posttreatment, both groups showed significant improvements in key outcomes. The experimental group exhibited superior outcomes in reducing pictorial blood loss assessment chart scores, improving health-related quality of life scores, lowering CA<sub>125</sub> levels, and elevating hemoglobin levels compared to the control group (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). No significant differences in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were observed between groups. No severe complications occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FUAS combined with TBEA effectively reduces uterine volume, alleviates dysmenorrhea, decreases menstrual flow, improves anemia, and preserves ovarian function (as evidenced by stable FSH levels) with minimal adverse effects. This combined therapy demonstrates enhanced efficacy and safety over monotherapy, providing a promising comprehensive treatment for adenomyosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":45272,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Minimally Invasive Therapy-GMIT","volume":"15 1","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12965499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}