Economic Papers最新文献_第4页

Evaluating the Role of GDP Per Capita, Air Pollution and Non-Economic Factors in Determining Health Expenditure: Evidence from Asian Region Using Instrumental Variables Techniques 评估人均 GDP、空气污染和非经济因素在决定卫生支出中的作用：使用工具变量技术分析亚洲地区的证据

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12404

Samia Nasreen, Aviral Kumar Tiwari, Mehr-un Nisa, Faryal Ishtiaq

{"title":"Evaluating the Role of GDP Per Capita, Air Pollution and Non-Economic Factors in Determining Health Expenditure: Evidence from Asian Region Using Instrumental Variables Techniques","authors":"Samia Nasreen, Aviral Kumar Tiwari, Mehr-un Nisa, Faryal Ishtiaq","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12404","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12404","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of income per capita, air pollution and healthcare services on health expenditure in Asian economies using annual data from 1995 to 2018. The determinants of total health expenditure and public and private sector health expenditures are estimated separately. The Generalised Methods of Moment (GMM) and Instrument Variable Quantile Panel Regression (IVQPR) techniques are employed in this study. The results explain that environmental pollution, the price of health care, urbanisation and the number of hospital beds have positive effects on total health expenditures as well as on public and private health expenditures. Interestingly, income per capita has a negative effect on health expenditure at lower quantiles and a positive at higher quantiles. The proportion of the elderly population has an adverse effect on total health expenditure, while life expectancy shows a positive effect at lower quantiles and a negative effect at higher quantiles on health expenditure. The impact of the number of physicians per capita is found to be negative and significant, while the availability of safe drinking water and education demonstrates a positive effect on health expenditure. Out-of-pocket expenditure and technological progress are positively associated with health expenditure. Smoking is a significant determinant of government health expenditure, but it is difficult to determine the trend of smoking prevalence in Asian economies. The outcomes of this study provide some important insights to policymakers, which can be used to design a more efficient healthcare sector in Asian countries.","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":"43 1","pages":"63-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135804025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Economic Public Interest in a World of Oligopoly* 寡头垄断世界中的经济公共利益*

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12403

Ross Garnaut

引用次数: 0

Learning Losses of Undergraduate Students in South Asia during COVID-19 and its Determinants* COVID-19 期间南亚本科生的学习损失及其决定因素*

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12402

Farzin Mumtahena, Kaustav Sen, Mahnoor Imran Sayyed, Pasan Wijayawardhana, Roya Zafari, Shrijya Kafle

引用次数: 0

Digitalisation, Exports, Government Support and Firms' Finances during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe* COVID-19 大流行期间的数字化、出口、政府支持和企业财务：来自中欧和东欧的证据*

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12401

Hazwan Haini, Syaza Borhanudin, Pang Wei Loon

引用次数: 0

Hope Springs Eternal: Plurilaterals, the WTO and APEC* 希望永存：多边、世贸组织和亚太经合组织*

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12400

Craig Emerson

引用次数: 0

Entrepreneurial Risk and Digital Financial Inclusion: A Cross-Country Analysis 创业风险与数字金融普惠：跨国分析

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12399

Comlanvi Martin Konou

{"title":"Entrepreneurial Risk and Digital Financial Inclusion: A Cross-Country Analysis","authors":"Comlanvi Martin Konou","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12399","url":null,"abstract":"The inception of financial technologies (Fintech) has enabled expanded use of financial services. Fintech contributes to financial inclusion and by doing so provides impacts on income inequality, poverty and economic growth. A prospective route of influence exerted by Fintech is to assist economic agents in taking entrepreneurial risks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of digital financial inclusion, as enhanced by FinTech, on entrepreneurial risk. An index for measuring levels of digital financial inclusion was constructed based on variation patterns in several indicators of digital activities. A cross-country model was proposed that relates entrepreneurial risk to digital financial inclusion as well as to a variety of other economic and social factors. Estimation results based on a panel of countries show that digital financial inclusion (0.265), institutional quality (0.169), per capita GDP (0.0456) and education (0.0475) have positive and significant effects on entrepreneurial risk. In contrast, time required to start a business (−0.136) and effective tax rates on capital (−0.494) provide negative and significant effects. In addition, a significant quadratic relationship between entrepreneurial risk and remittances (employee compensation and personal transfers) was found.","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":"42 3","pages":"267-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50140411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can Employment Empower Women in Rural India* 就业能否增强印度农村妇女的能力*？

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-06-18 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12397

Ayona Bhattacharjee, Jay Dev Dubey

{"title":"Can Employment Empower Women in Rural India*","authors":"Ayona Bhattacharjee, Jay Dev Dubey","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12397","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12397","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on women empowerment highlights a positive correlation between work and decision-making power of women within families. On the contrary, the role of work opportunities in letting women achieve greater control over their lives, making them more independent is also well-established. In this background, we explore the effect of women employment on different dimensions of women empowerment by using a nationally representative household survey data, the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS-II, 2011–12). As “empowerment” is unobservable, multi-faceted and difficult to quantify, we model it by an index which aggregates the qualitative answers provided by a respondent. Due to the presence of an endogenous relation, we exploit sources of exogenous variations in employment through an instrumental variable (IV) setup. Following the literature, we identify IV as the level of transport infrastructure in the region where a woman resides. We find that the estimated coefficients are positive and statistically significant, remaining robust to changes in empowerment calculation. In the context of public initiatives aimed at improving female labour force participation and empowering women in India, our results show how policymakers can look beyond standard policies and take the help of transport-related initiatives to improve employment and empowerment.","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":"43 1","pages":"34-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130420612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Which Combination of Trade Provisions Promotes Trade in Value-Added? An Application of Machine Learning to Cross-Country Data 哪种贸易条款组合能促进增值贸易？机器学习在跨国数据中的应用

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12398

Sharadendu Sharma, Yadnesh P. Mundhada, Rahul Arora

{"title":"Which Combination of Trade Provisions Promotes Trade in Value-Added? An Application of Machine Learning to Cross-Country Data","authors":"Sharadendu Sharma, Yadnesh P. Mundhada, Rahul Arora","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12398","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12398","url":null,"abstract":"Over time, the trade agreements are witnessing a substantial change in their provisions by encompassing provisions beyond their conventional trade domain, such as labour market regulations, environmental regulations and competition policies. Theoretically, studies argued the role of signing an agreement with deep provisions to promote trade in value-added, but empirical verification in favour of a few is rarely available. The present study attempts to identify this set of provisions included in deep trade agreements (DTAs) that positively impact the bilateral trade in value added. Using the traditional gravity model framework and its estimation through modern econometric and machine learning tools, the study shows that incorporating provisions relating to establishing and preserving economic rights in trade agreements promotes trade in value-added among member countries. Notably, the study found the combination of three main policy areas: technical barriers to trade, competition policy and labour market regulations. Both econometric and machine learning methods confirm the significant impact of these three provisions. Understanding the significance of specific provisions holds relevance in the current scenario where major trading economies are calibrating trade agreements. From the policy perspective, disentangling a set of provisions might be relevant for designing and negotiating trade agreements.","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":"42 4","pages":"332-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129856300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Financial Literacy and Self-Employment 金融素养与自营职业

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12395

Alison Preston, Robert E. Wright

{"title":"Financial Literacy and Self-Employment","authors":"Alison Preston, Robert E. Wright","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12395","url":null,"abstract":"This article uses individual-level data collected in the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey in 2016 to econometrically explore the direction of causation between financial literacy and self-employment. The empirical approach is based on applying instrumental variables (IV) analysis in a three-outcome labour supply model (i.e. self-employment, employee employment and non-employment) that controls for selection into employment. In keeping with a small number of studies, the analysis suggests that there is a positive relationship between financial literacy and self-employment. The analysis also suggests that the likely causal direction is from financial literacy to self-employment. However, this is also found for employee employment. Therefore, policies aimed at increasing financial literacy will likely not only increase self-employment but also employee employment. This suggests that financial literacy may be a form of “general human capital,” such as education, work experience or training. However, the impact of financial literacy on self-employment is not larger (more positive) for self-employment compared to employee employment. Clearly much more research is needed to understand the numerous relationships between financial literacy and other labour market outcomes.","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":"42 3","pages":"236-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1759-3441.12395","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50124933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of Administrative Intensity on Efficiency: An Empirical Analysis of Australian Universities 行政强度对效率的影响——对澳大利亚大学的实证分析

IF 0.9

Economic Papers Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12387

Carolyn-Thi Thanh Dung Tran, Brian Dollery, Subba Reddy Yarram

引用次数: 0