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Global Value Chains and Exchange Rate Disconnect* 全球价值链与汇率脱节*
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12370
Bhushan Praveen Jangam, Hari Venkatesh
{"title":"Global Value Chains and Exchange Rate Disconnect*","authors":"Bhushan Praveen Jangam,&nbsp;Hari Venkatesh","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12370","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12370","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the effect of global value chains (GVCs) on the association between gross exports and the exchange rate. To do so, we quantify the composition of the GVCs using output-related measures for sixty-one countries from 2007 to 2020. This approach is better than the existing measures in capturing all the linkages of GVCs. Second, we analyse the importance of GVCs on the link between gross exports and the exchange rate using an econometric technique – the generalised method of moments. Our results show that GVC participation disconnects the exchange rate elasticity of exports. The empirical findings are robust and consistent across the sectors and income groups. Therefore, it is vital for policy-makers to consider the implications of GVCs while devising any policy related to exports.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124100822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Weak Emission Standards and Australia's Low Takeup of Electric Vehicles 低排放标准与澳大利亚电动汽车的低占有率
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12371
Peter Martin
{"title":"Weak Emission Standards and Australia's Low Takeup of Electric Vehicles","authors":"Peter Martin","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12371","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12371","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Australia is unusual among developed countries both in lacking fleet-wide vehicle carbon dioxide emission standards and in having a very low takeup of all-electric vehicles. This paper outlines how fleet-wide vehicle carbon dioxide emission standards operate and identifies mechanisms by which their absence might lead to a low takeup of electric vehicles in countries such as Australia. Although hard to verify one of those mechanisms in Australia (higher prices charged for all-electric vehicles), it is easy to verify the unusually low number of models of all-electric models made available for sale. The paper also outlines Australia's slow 15-year journey towards standards, pointing to the possible role of political machinations and political caution in delaying their introduction. It identifies one group of employees with much to lose from a rapid uptake of electric vehicles—motor mechanics.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1759-3441.12371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131304214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Occupational Mobility in the ALife Data: How Reliable are Occupational Patterns from Administrative Australian Tax Records?* ALife数据中的职业流动性:来自澳大利亚行政税务记录的职业模式有多可靠?＊
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12369
Clara Hathorne, Robert Breunig
{"title":"Occupational Mobility in the ALife Data: How Reliable are Occupational Patterns from Administrative Australian Tax Records?*","authors":"Clara Hathorne,&nbsp;Robert Breunig","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12369","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The purpose of this paper is to compare the distribution of occupation and rates of occupational mobility in the ATO Longitudinal Information Files (ALife) and the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) datasets. As tax is not occupation dependent, occupation data from tax records may not be reliable. We find that occupational mobility in the ALife data is less than half that in the nationally representative HILDA data. In contrast, the distribution of occupation and its relationship with most key socio-economic characteristics appear relatively similar across the two datasets. However, occupation evolves differently over time in the two datasets and there are some differences between the sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1759-3441.12369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137828356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 Induced Income Loss among Migrant Workers: Evidence from Eight Villages of Bihar 2019冠状病毒病导致的农民工收入损失:来自比哈尔邦八个村庄的证据
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12368
Niladri Sekhar Dhar, Shreya Nupur, Meghna Dutta
{"title":"COVID-19 Induced Income Loss among Migrant Workers: Evidence from Eight Villages of Bihar","authors":"Niladri Sekhar Dhar,&nbsp;Shreya Nupur,&nbsp;Meghna Dutta","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12368","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 crisis re-shaped many livelihood options and placed significant burdens on those with precarious incomes exacerbating persisting vulnerabilities, especially among a large section of the migrant population. This group faced a dual threat – both to their livelihood and health. To understand the consequences of this pandemic on the income of the migrant population, a household level survey was conducted in the state of Bihar, India, which is one of the highest migrant-sending states. We examine the role of differences in the socio-economic status of migrants and their households in determining the extent of vulnerability caused by the COVID-19 crisis. Vulnerability is proxied by the income lost by migrants during the lockdown. The results suggest that households with diversified income portfolio, larger landholdings, and those receiving government benefits suffered significantly lower income loss whereas, larger household size and greater distance from town tended to escalate income loss. Additionally, private salaried workers faced higher income loss and an increment in years of education lowers the losses significantly. It is observed that individual-level characteristics also played a significant role in determining economic loss due to the lockdown. Our findings suggest a binding necessity to actively shape policies considering the financial insecurity of vulnerable migrants at their destination and the household members at the origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133637647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lifting Diversity and Inclusion in Economics: How the Australian Women in Economics Network Put the Evidence into Action* 提升经济学的多样性和包容性：澳大利亚女性经济学网络如何将证据付诸行动*
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12367
Rebecca Cassells, Leonora Risse, Danielle Wood, Duygu Yengin
{"title":"Lifting Diversity and Inclusion in Economics: How the Australian Women in Economics Network Put the Evidence into Action*","authors":"Rebecca Cassells,&nbsp;Leonora Risse,&nbsp;Danielle Wood,&nbsp;Duygu Yengin","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To support broader global efforts to improve diversity and inclusion in economics, this paper provides a statistical picture of the gender composition of the economics profession in Australia and the evidence-based initiatives taken by the Women in Economics Network (WEN) to improve women's representation and recognition. WEN's impact is evaluated across a range of metrics. This includes a case study of WEN's mentorship programme for university students that was delivered as a behavioural intervention and evaluated as a randomised control trial. Drawing on practical experiences in combination with research insights, the paper identifies some of the challenges encountered and the lessons that can be shared with similar organisations globally that are pursuing diversity and inclusion goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1759-3441.12367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50149466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Economic Problems with Subsidies for Electric Vehicles 电动汽车补贴的经济问题
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12366
John Freebairn
{"title":"Economic Problems with Subsidies for Electric Vehicles","authors":"John Freebairn","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12366","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12366","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of motor vehicles in Australia generates external costs. The external costs are associated with government expenditure on road infrastructure, traffic congestion and road accidents as well as pollution. A subsidy for electric vehicles will reduce the pollution external cost, and more so as the share of electricity generated from fossil fuels declines. However, the subsidy-induced increase in motor vehicle use will increase the other external costs. Also, the subsidy and the fall in excise tax revenue collected will add to the budget deficit. The phase-in of electric vehicles provides an opportunity to reform special taxes and charges on the use of motor vehicles. The current ad hoc and long time ago imposed government taxes and charges on motor vehicles should be replaced with explicit taxes to internalise each of the external costs of motor vehicles.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1759-3441.12366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132932681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
China's Reform Spree in 2021: Common Prosperity and Others 2021年中国改革大潮:共同繁荣与其他
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12365
Kerry Liu
{"title":"China's Reform Spree in 2021: Common Prosperity and Others","authors":"Kerry Liu","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12365","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12365","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2021, China launched a series of reform initiatives including common prosperity, a property tax, a regulatory crackdown on technology firms, a roadmap for peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality and other policies aiming to improve people's lives. This study reviews each of them and finds that they are centred around common prosperity and guiding resource allocation. Based on Google Trends search results, this study creatively created a series of common prosperity policy indices, showing that China in 2021 may have experienced the most important policy shift since at least 2004. Based on EGARCH and ARDL models, this study finds that the whole economy, proxied by two popular composite indices, i.e. the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index and the China Securities Index 300, responded positively to the common prosperity policy. Stock market responses also show that China's policies have successfully guided the resource allocation from the soft technology sector to the hard technology one. This study also discusses the broad implications, such as the role of the government and the evolution of private ownership in the Chinese economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126926102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Which Combination of Impossible Trinity Choices Ensures Output and Price Stabilities in India? A Sign-Restricted Vector Autoregressive Analysis 哪种不可能的三位一体选择组合确保了印度的产量和价格稳定?符号限制向量自回归分析
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12364
Nitin Arora, Deepika Malik, Rahul Arora
{"title":"Which Combination of Impossible Trinity Choices Ensures Output and Price Stabilities in India? A Sign-Restricted Vector Autoregressive Analysis","authors":"Nitin Arora,&nbsp;Deepika Malik,&nbsp;Rahul Arora","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12364","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12364","url":null,"abstract":"<p>India has faced the impossible trinity challenge after it opened up its capital account post-1990s reforms. Accordingly, simultaneous achievement of three macroeconomic objectives, namely exchange Rate Stability, capital openness and monetary independence, is an impossible task and any combination of two objectives can be achieved by losing the third one. This attempt, therefore, validates the existence of impossible trinity in India and investigates its impact on the stability of both, economic growth and prices. The sign-restricted vector autoregressive (VAR) methodology has been used to confirm the existence of impossible trinity and to identify the best trilemma policy combination for the Indian economy in order to achieve stable output growth with steady prices. A trinity combination of “capital openness” and “exchange rate stability” is found to be the best in achieving stability of macroeconomic indicators under evaluation. Furthermore, the absence of trinity in India is inferred to ensure macroeconomic stability. However, maintaining its absence for a substantial period is noticed to be a near-impossible task.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123039232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Does Education Affect Health Beliefs? A Case of Women in India 教育如何影响健康信念?印度妇女的一个案例
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12363
Ayona Bhattacharjee, Kshitij Awasthi
{"title":"How Does Education Affect Health Beliefs? A Case of Women in India","authors":"Ayona Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Kshitij Awasthi","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12363","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12363","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Positive externalities of education on health have been widely studied in the prior literature. However, the focus has been on the count of years of schooling rather than the levels of schooling, which is a commonly overlooked yet meaningful way of assessing the education – health relationship. Further, the role of health beliefs in determining the relation between education and health has been understudied, particularly for women. We address these two important questions by using a large-scale household survey data from India. We find that education levels have differential impact on health beliefs and the impact is highest for individuals with higher levels of education. These findings indicate how educational interventions at lower levels can be effective in improving health beliefs to encourage appropriate health behaviour from early stages of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115385210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies for Growth with Price Stability in a Post-COVID-19 Indian Economy* 新冠肺炎后印度经济中货币和财政政策协调与价格稳定*
IF 0.9
Economic Papers Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1111/1759-3441.12362
Nitin Arora, Shubham Monga, Dilpreet Sharma
{"title":"Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies for Growth with Price Stability in a Post-COVID-19 Indian Economy*","authors":"Nitin Arora,&nbsp;Shubham Monga,&nbsp;Dilpreet Sharma","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12362","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-3441.12362","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During the post-COVID period, demand augmenting policies were needed and have been exercised by the Government of India to prevent the Indian economy from falling into recession. However, these demand augmenting policies seem to be inflationary as in the recent past high inflation has been observed in India. Thus, optimum combination of monetary and fiscal policies is needed to simultaneously achieve the objectives of demand growth and price stability. This paper proposes combinations of the two policies based on the results of a sign-restricted vector autoregressive (VAR) modelling framework. The experimentation was performed using sign restrictions on macroeconomic target variables viz. demand growth and inflation rate while leaving the policy variables free to suggest proposed stances to achieve desired objectives. On the basis of the empirical findings, the proposed stances of monetary and fiscal authorities were then compared with the actual stances and requisite correction in the policy behaviours has been suggested in terms of improvements to the magnitude and frequency of contraction and expansion.</p>","PeriodicalId":45208,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114915691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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