Rural Special Education Quarterly最新文献

{"title":"An Online Communication Partner Training Program: POWR+ Intervention Results for Teachers, Paraeducators, and Children","authors":"Sarah N. Douglas, Ryan Bowles, Joshua Plavnick, Sarah M. Dunkel-Jackson, Tiantian Sun, Atikah Bagawan","doi":"10.1177/87568705241231599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87568705241231599","url":null,"abstract":"Paraeducators frequently support children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) but often lack access to effective training opportunities. Similarly, special education teachers are responsible for supervising paraeducators but often lack effective training on AAC and paraeducator supervision. The POWR+ (Prepare the activity and AAC, Offer opportunities for communication, Wait for the child’s communication, Respond to the child’s communication, + model AAC) intervention provides training to both paraeducators and supervising teachers to support communication for children who use AAC. In this study, a single-case multiple probe design was used to examine the effects of the POWR+ intervention (e.g., communication opportunities, responses to child communication, and plus AAC models provided by paraeducators) for three teacher–paraeducator–child teams. As a result of the POWR+ intervention paraeducator communication opportunities and paraeducator AAC models increased for all paraeducators. Increases were also noted for communication turns for one child and paraeducator responses to child communication for two paraeducators. Results indicate that the POWR+ intervention may be a viable training option for paraeducators and teachers who support children who use AAC.","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139977800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Just Dollars and Cents: Making Change via a Virtual Money Manipulative","authors":"Holly M. Long, Emily C. Bouck, Carrie O’Reilly","doi":"10.1177/87568705231216449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87568705231216449","url":null,"abstract":"Providing high-quality services to students with disabilities in rural settings can be challenging, as rural schools often lack resources both in and out of the classroom. One potential option to provide high-quality mathematics instruction to students with disabilities in rural areas is using virtual manipulatives and online instruction. In this study, a single-case research design was used to examine the progress of three high school students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) as they used a virtual money manipulative within an online learning environment to solve making change problems. The researchers found a functional relation between the intervention package (i.e., a virtual money manipulative, modeling, system of least prompts) and the dependent variable of accuracy in solving making change problems across three students. In addition, all three students demonstrated an increase in independence during each session and maintained their accuracy and independence after the intervention concluded.","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Effects of Online Instruction and Virtual Peer Coaching on Rural Teachers’ Use of Behavior-Specific Praise","authors":"Jessica N. Torelli, Christina R. Noel, Kaitlin A. Morris, Evyn B. Hendrickson","doi":"10.1177/87568705231214781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87568705231214781","url":null,"abstract":"Effective use of classroom management practices is critical to creating positive classroom climates supporting students’ academic and behavioral outcomes, and teachers in rural areas have a strong need for training in classroom management. One classroom management practice with significant support is behavior-specific praise (BSP). Research shows teachers need training to use BSP at high frequencies. Multicomponent training packages with sustained coaching have demonstrated increases in teacher use of BSP, but more flexible training approaches are needed to meet the needs of rural teachers. We used a multiple baseline design to first evaluate the effects of an online module on rural teachers’ use of BSP. Then, we evaluated the additive effects of asynchronous, virtual peer coaching on BSP. Results tentatively suggest the presence of a functional relation between virtual peer coaching and BSP following the online module and suggest the absence of a functional relation between the online module alone and BSP.","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting Positive Post-School Outcomes for Students With Disabilities in Rural Locations","authors":"Andrew R. Scheef, Lauren Bruno, Holly N. Whittenburg","doi":"10.1177/87568705231214809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87568705231214809","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with disabilities are less likely than their peers without disabilities to be employed or enrolled in postsecondary education. Even with federal legislation efforts designed to provide targeted supports to this population, the discrepancy persists. Students with disabilities who attend schools in rural settings may experience additional barriers to employment and postsecondary enrollment not faced by those in urban and suburban locales. This article reviews post-school outcomes and barriers that youth with disabilities in rural areas may encounter. These may include concerns related to transportation, limited opportunities, and varied perceptions on the value of higher education. In addition, special educators in rural schools may have limited training opportunities and a wide range of position responsibilities that require expertise in many areas. Then, to help address these discrepancies, strategies to support students and improve services are presented in four broad areas, including (a) augmenting teacher training and practice, (b) partnering with vocational rehabilitation, (c) improving public policy, and (d) leveraging the strengths of rural communities.","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-Based Practices Via Remote Service Delivery for Early Intervention in Rural Communities","authors":"Elizabeth Howe, Samantha Riggleman, Amanda H. Passmore","doi":"10.1177/87568705231189280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87568705231189280","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic increased the use of remote service delivery in early childhood intervention (EI), and this increased use is promising for young children with disabilities living in rural communities. However, the increase in remote service delivery requires a greater understanding of using evidence-based practices (EBP) delivered by EI providers via this mode. Remote service delivery adds a new context to EI services requiring study to identify (a) what works for whom and under what conditions, (b) how an evidence-based practice delivered remotely results in positive outcomes for young children and caregivers, and (c) the independent variables that influence those outcomes. This position paper explains the importance of remote service delivery for improving access to EBP for young children with disabilities and their families in rural communities using a conceptual framework. The conceptual framework includes three essential factors described in depth in this article. First, the conceptual framework can support researchers in designing rigorous studies to deliver evidence-based practices remotely. Second, the conceptual framework can support EI programs and providers in identifying EBP for service delivery for young children and families in rural communities.","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49176924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riding Fences","authors":"Ginevra Courtade","doi":"10.1177/87568705231189401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87568705231189401","url":null,"abstract":"In the third issue of Volume 42, I am pleased to present three research reports and a program description. In the first research report, Ruble, McGrew, Fischer, Findley, and Stayton report the results of a study conducted to examine burnout among U.S. rural special education teachers (N = 48) throughout the school year preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers collected data at four different points in time and analyzed both school-related and personal factors that could predict burnout at the end of the school year, using measurements taken at the beginning of the year. Results showed that burnout remains consistent throughout the school year and baseline burnout scores were found to be the strongest predictors of burnout at the end of the year. A regression analysis revealed that the initial scores in each burnout domain (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment) explained the most variation in reported burnout at the end of the year, except for passive avoidance. The authors suggest these findings indicate the stability of burnout and highlight personal and school-related factors that could be targeted for prevention or intervention research on burnout. Next, Schutz and Travers present the results of a mixedmethods design study to explore the perspectives staff and administrators from 10 U.S. rural districts provided about (a) staffing for supporting students with disabilities in work preparation, (b) how districts approached career development, and (c) how various factors influenced service delivery. Findings revealed that the participation of students with disabilities in career development opportunities varied depending on their specific disabilities, how staff were allocated for service provision, and the extent to which partnerships were utilized. The authors recommend addressing staff needs and promoting inclusion for students with disabilities in employment preparation based on these findings. Rahn and her colleagues describe their study in which the aim was to examine associations between early literacy skills and the home literacy environment of preschool children with disabilities in the Appalachian region. The authors administered an online literacy screening tool to 55 children ages 3 to 6 years who had an Individualized Education Program. Parents participated by completing a questionnaire that assessed 'their home literacy environment, including parenting beliefs and practices. The results showed that children’s scores on the screening tool were not influenced by parent reading beliefs, but they were associated with the modeling of writing and communication by parents. Neither parent beliefs nor practices could predict children’s literacy screening scores. Implications for research and practice are discussed. To close this issue, McKissick, Wrenn, and Vach present a program description in which they assess the impact of East Carolina University’s teacher preparation program on the preparedness and co","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49098926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Smokeless Tobacco Consumption Behavior of Adolescent Students Through Protection Motivation Theory","authors":"Anil Kumar Mandal","doi":"10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57242","url":null,"abstract":"Smokeless tobacco, a type of tobacco product that is consumed without burning, is detrimental to health but its consumption among youths of Nepal is increasing. In this regard, the main purpose of this paper is to predict SLT consumption behavior of students based on protection motivation theory (PMT), which is mostly used to study health related protective behaviors. For this study, descriptive research design was followed. Adolescent students of Class 9 and 10 of community schools of Siraha districts comprised the population of the study and the sample was selected by applying multiple-cluster sampling method. Although the sample size was 240, which was determined by using Yamane formula, only data of 225 students were analyzed due to discarding 15 incomplete questionnaires. Anonymous questionnaire was the tool of data collection that contained behavioral, socio-demographic and PMT scale sections. Data were collected through enumerators. The study found that threat appraisal was significant predictor of SLT consumption behavior of students and their intention to consume it. It is concluded that higher proportion of students consumes SLT that should be minimized by developing and implementing tobacco cessation policies and programs based on threats related to its consumption at local and national level.","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77753901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"मैथिली मातृभाषी विद्यार्थीको नेपाली उच्चारण क्षमताको अवस्था {Of Maithili mother tongue student's Nepali pronunciation ability situation}","authors":"रामदेव Ramdev मण्डल Mandal","doi":"10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57407","url":null,"abstract":"प्रस्तुत लेख मैथिली मातृभाषी विद्यार्थीले नेपाली उच्चारण गर्दा गर्ने त्रुटिको पहिचान गरी त्रुटि दर पत्ता लगाउनु उद्देश्य रहेको छ । सिरहा नगरपालिका भित्रका चार वटा सामुदायिक विद्यालयका कक्षा ११ र १२ मा अध्ययनरत मैथिली मातृभाषी विद्यार्थीहरूको उच्चारणसम्बन्धी त्रुटि मापनको लागि ४३ वटा शब्दहरू छनोट गरिएका छन् । छात्रछात्रा, उमेरसमूह, बसाइ क्षेत्र र अभिभावकको पेसालाई लक्षित गरिएको छ । उद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनोट विधिलाई कक्रोनको सूत्र प्रयोग गरी प्रत्येक विद्यालयबाट चिठ्ठाद्वारा प्रत्येक विद्यार्थीको प्रतिनिधित्व हुने गरी जम्मा विद्यार्थी सङ्ख्या १३०२ मध्ये १७३ जना छनोट गरिएका छन् । शुद्ध उच्चारण गर्नेलाई १ कोड र अशुद्ध उच्चारण गर्नेलाई २ कोड राखी प्राथमिक स्रोतबाट तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन गरी क्एक्क् सफ्टवेयरमा राखेर वर्णनात्मक विधिद्वारा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । शब्दहरूको प्रकृति र बनोटका आधारमा त्रुटि पनि कम बढी हुन्छ नै । सिग्निफिकेन्ट लेभल १, पियर्सन रिलेसनको मान –.०८२, टी टेस्ट गर्दा ऋयजभल’कम . ०.९ रहेको छ । मध्यमान २७.२१५ रहेको छ । उल्लिखित मानहरूका आधारमा मैथिली मातृभाषी विद्यार्थीको नेपाली उच्चारण समग्रमा राम्रै देखिन्छ । केही मात्रामा देखिएका त्रुटिहरूलाई सुधारका लागि तल्लै कक्षादेखि त्रुटि गर्ने बेलामा नै पृष्ठपोषण दिंदै जानुपर्दछ । बोलाइ सिपमा आधारित रूपक विधा, वादविवाद, वक्तृत्वकला, सस्वरवाचनजस्ता क्रियाकलापहरूमा सहभागी गराउनुपर्दछ । विद्यालय अवधिभरि नेपाली भाषाको अनिवार्य प्रयोग र बोल्ने बेलामा भएका त्रुटिलाई त्यतिखेर नै गुरु, साथीहरूबाट पृष्ठपोषण दिंदै जानुपर्दछ । सकभर घरपरिवार लगायत साथीभाइसँग नेपाली भाषामा नै कुराकानी गर्नुपर्दछ । विभिन्न साहित्यिक कार्यक्रमहरूमा सहभागी हुन आवश्यक देखिन्छ ।","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75110189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"उच्च माविमा अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थीको प्राज्ञिक लेखन सक्षमता {Academic writing of undergraduate students competence}","authors":"शक्तिराज Shaktiraj नेपाल Nepal","doi":"10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57411","url":null,"abstract":"उच्च माविमा अध्ययनत विद्यार्थीको प्राज्ञिक लेखन सक्षमता नै यस लेखको शीर्षक हो । उच्च मावि अन्तर्गत सुनसरी जिल्ला, धरान उपमहानगरपालिका भित्रका ५ वटा सामुदायिक उच्च माविका कक्षा १२ मा अध्ययनरत ५० जना विद्यार्थीलाई मात्र यस लेखमा नमुनाका रूपमा लिइएको छ । यस लेखमा उक्त कक्षा १२ मा अध्ययन गर्ने विद्यार्थीहरूको मात्र प्राज्ञिक लेखन क्षमताको परीक्षण तथा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । अध्ययनका लागि लेखनको शीर्षक र तार्किकता, शब्दचयन र सान्दर्भिकता, वाक्यगठन र पुनरावृत्ति, संसक्तता तथा अनुच्छेदगठन र शैली प्रस्तुति तथा प्राज्ञिकतालाई उपकरण बनाइएको छ भने समग्रता, भाषिक पृष्ठभूमि र लैङ्गिकतालाई अध्ययनको आधार बनाई तथ्याङ्क शास्त्रीय मध्यमानर प्रतिशत विधिद्वारा व्याख्या विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्षमा पुगिएको छ । यस अध्ययनको प्राप्तिअनुसार उच्च माविका विद्यार्थीको वाक्यगठन र पुनरावृत्तिमा सबभन्दा धेरै ६०% तथा शब्दचयन र सान्दर्भिकतामा ५८.३३% अभिक्षमता रहेको देखिएको छ । साथै संसक्तता र अनुच्छेद गठनमा सबैभन्दा कम ५०.६% अभिक्षमता रहेको पाइएको छ । समग्रमा कक्षा १२ का विद्यार्थीको प्राज्ञिक लेखनको क्षमता ५४.७४% प्रतिशत रहेको छ । लेखाइ सिपको विशिष्ट अभ्यासका रूपमा प्राज्ञिक लेखनलाई लिइने भएकाले विद्यार्थीले लेखन अभ्यासमा एकरूपता, औपचारिक ढाँचा, प्रौढ भाषाशैली, संसक्तता, चुस्त र अन्तरसम्बद्ध स्वरूपको अभ्यासमा बढी जोड दिनुपर्ने देखिन्छ । स्थलगत सर्वेक्षण तथा कक्षा अवलोकन विधिको प्रयोग गरी सामग्री सङ्कलन गरिएको यस लेखमा परिमाणात्मक अध्ययन पद्धतिलाई अपनाइएको छ साथमा प्राज्ञिक लेखनका प्रवृत्तिहरू; शीर्षक चयन र तार्किकता, शब्द चयनर सान्दर्भिकता, वाक्य गठन र पुनरावृत्ति, संसक्तता र अनुच्छेद गठन तथा शैली, प्रस्तुति र प्राज्ञिकताका आधारमा विश्लेषणको अवधारणात्मक ढाँचा बनाइएको छ । प्राज्ञिक लेखनजस्तो विशिष्ट प्रकृतिको लेखनमा विद्यार्थी, शिक्षक तथा सरोकारवालाहरूले अलि बढीध्यान दिनुपर्ने देखिन्छ र ती सरोकारवालाहरूलाई यस अध्ययनले प्राज्ञिक लेखनका सवालमा सहयोग पुर्याउने देखिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85446767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for Including the Excluded in Education: A Case of Children with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Dhruba Prasad Niure, M. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57243","url":null,"abstract":"This article has been prepared to disclose a number of strategies that need to be implemented to ensure the inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities in education. This research is guided by interpretive paradigm accompanied by institutional ethnography. Eight special education teachers, four resource classroom teachers, and five experts working in the field of inclusive education were chosen as the sample of the study by employing purposive sampling technique. In-depth interview and desk review were used as the main techniques to collect information and then the information were transcribed, edited, classified, and thematized by considering the objective of this study. External audit, peer review and thick description have been used as major techniques to maximize the credibility and authenticity of this article. Results of this study reveal that almost all students with intellectual disabilities were receiving educational services in segregated settings though there are policy provisions of providing inclusive education. Therefore, different strategies such as providing multi-tiered supports, developing sense of belongingness, educating in the mainstream classroom, mobilizing peers, formulating alternative learning standards, creating cooperative learning environment, etc. should be employed to optimize the inclusion of these children in education.","PeriodicalId":45133,"journal":{"name":"Rural Special Education Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72759169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}