South African Historical Journal最新文献_第8页

‘Open Fascism Has Appeared on this Continent’: South Africa’s Independent Press and Anti-Fascism, 1937–1947 “开放的法西斯主义已经出现在这个大陆上”：南非独立新闻与反法西斯主义，1937-1947

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2038660

M. A. Houser

{"title":"‘Open Fascism Has Appeared on this Continent’: South Africa’s Independent Press and Anti-Fascism, 1937–1947","authors":"M. A. Houser","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2038660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2038660","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When Moses Kotane founded The African Defender in 1937, he did so with the intention to encourage African self-sufficiency through teaching and publishing in indigenous languages and through sharing information on how to survive in segregated South Africa. In doing so, he entered into public conversation with writers and editors of other independent publications such as The Anti-Fascist or occasional series by groups such as the South African Jewish Deputies Board. In the decade after Kotane and his peers began their own discussions, conversations about fascism and anti-fascism in South Africa moved from the margins among those deemed alarmist into spaces where anti-racist activists increasingly saw red flags connecting European oppression with the growing populist nationalism in their own country. This article examines this decade through the language and conversations of independent publications such as Kotane’s, in the face of the proliferation of groups such as the Greyshirts, The People’s Movement, the South African National Democratic Party (‘Blackshirts’), The South African Fascists, and the Gentile Protection League. It argues that anti-fascist philosophies not only informed but served as cornerstones to a nascent anti-apartheid movement.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46133786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘Filthiest Gangs of Thugs’: Anti-Fascism and Anti-Nazism Perceptions in Southern Rhodesia, 1930s to 1940s “最肮脏的暴徒团伙”：20世纪30年代至40年代南罗得西亚的反法西斯和反纳粹主义观念

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2067220

George Bishi

{"title":"‘Filthiest Gangs of Thugs’: Anti-Fascism and Anti-Nazism Perceptions in Southern Rhodesia, 1930s to 1940s","authors":"George Bishi","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2067220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2067220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines anti-fascist and anti-Nazi sentiments in Southern Rhodesia from the 1930s to 1940s. Even though the country did not have an anti-fascist and anti-Nazi policy or legislation, the state and the white population held competing anti-fascist and anti-Nazi attitudes regarding how the government should deal with suspected fascist and Nazi propaganda activities in the country and in internment camps. The United Rhodesia Party, Southern Rhodesia Labour Party, Labour Party, Southern Rhodesia Communist Party, and trade unions were all anti-fascist and anti-Nazi. As an openly pro-British self-governing colony, Southern Rhodesia collaborated with other colonial regimes in southern and eastern Africa by exchanging intelligence information on suspected fascist and Nazi activities. However, some sections of the white population in Southern Rhodesia criticised the state for not being committed enough in their efforts to curtail such activities in internment camps, an accusation the government rejected. White settlers defined their anti-fascism in terms of their British identity, the Allied war effort, and democracy. Using newspapers, archives, and Southern Rhodesia parliamentary debates, this article examines the convoluted nature of white identity politics based on contradictory political divides, ethnicity, and white-on-white racism during this era.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41484277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Mozambique’s Samora Machel: A Life Cut Short 莫桑比克的萨莫拉·马谢尔:短暂的生命

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2040580

Johanna M. Wetzel

引用次数: 1

Land, Law and Chiefs in Rural South Africa: Contested Histories and Current Struggles 南非农村的土地、法律和酋长:有争议的历史和当前的斗争

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2021.2004215

Daniel Huizenga

引用次数: 0

Race and Diplomacy in Zimbabwe: The Cold War and Decolonization, 1960–1984 津巴布韦的种族与外交：冷战与非殖民化，1960-1984

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2027006

C. Saunders

引用次数: 0

‘With the Abyssinian Armies, in Defence of Africa’s Only Native State’: Varieties of South African Anti-Fascism, 1930s–1960s “与阿比西尼亚军队一起保卫非洲唯一的原住民国家”：南非反法西斯的多样性，20世纪30年代至60年代

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2027004

David Johnson

{"title":"‘With the Abyssinian Armies, in Defence of Africa’s Only Native State’: Varieties of South African Anti-Fascism, 1930s–1960s","authors":"David Johnson","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2027004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2027004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Noting the prominence of anti-fascist rhetoric in contemporary wSouth African politics, the article returns to the varieties of South African anti-fascism inspired by the Italian invasion of Ethiopia in 1935. Opening with a brief survey of South African support for the Italian invasion, three varieties of anti-fascism are analysed: first, white South African anti-fascism, both Prime Minister J. B. M. Hertzog’s support of sanctions against Italy in parliament and popular anti-fascism expressed in the white English-speaking press; second, black South African anti-fascism as articulated in newspapers like Bantu World and Umteteli wa Bantu; and, third, the socialist anti-fascism of the Communist Party of South Africa (in Umvikeli-Thebe/The African Defender and Umsebenzi), of Trotskyist groups (in The Spark), and of independent radicals. Two subsequent expressions of anti-fascism conclude the article. The first is the anti-fascism of the white South African soldiers who fought in Ethiopia in 1940–1941; the second, the 1966 speech in Addis Ababa by Jacob Nyaose, the Pan Africanist Congress Secretary for Labour on the national executive, which commemorated the South African soldiers who died liberating Ethiopia from fascism.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47727178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

White Settlers’ Anti-Fascist and Anti-Colonial Movements in Angola (1930–1945) 安哥拉白人移民反法西斯反殖民运动(1930-1945)

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2021.2020329

Fernando Tavares Pimenta

{"title":"White Settlers’ Anti-Fascist and Anti-Colonial Movements in Angola (1930–1945)","authors":"Fernando Tavares Pimenta","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2021.2020329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2021.2020329","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article analyses anti-fascist and anti-colonial political efforts carried out by white settlers in Angola, against Salazar’s colonial dictatorship, between 1930 and 1945. It begins with an analysis of the origins and characteristics of the settlers’ political protest, considering in particular the conflicted relationships between the colonists and the Estado Novo in the 1930s. The article then analyses the secessionist conspiracy in 1940/1941, which was promoted by a group of anti-fascist settlers in Angola, in close connection with the Union of South Africa. Additionally, the article deals with the action of an anti-colonial political organisation named Organização Socialista de Angola (OSA), which was the first Euro-African nationalist movement in Angola. OSA was mostly formed by young Angolan-born whites and mestiços, who demanded full political independence as well as the end of discrimination against all Angolans. However, OSA was severely repressed by the Portuguese authorities, and a number of anti-fascist settlers, including the Vicar General of the Catholic Church, were arrested and deported to Portugal. Nonetheless, despite the repression exerted by the dictatorship, the settlers’ political protest, which was both anti-fascist and anti-colonial, had relevant repercussions in Angola, having contributed to the political structuring of Angolan nationalism in the 1940s.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48955171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Falling Monuments, Reluctant Ruins: The Persistence of the Past in the Architecture of Apartheid 倒塌的纪念碑，不情愿的废墟:种族隔离建筑中过去的坚持

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2044375

D. Jethro

引用次数: 3

Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in South Africa 南非的叛乱和反叛乱

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2029935

J. Cherry

引用次数: 4

‘The Great Trek Towards Nazism’: Anti-Fascism and the Radical Left in South Africa During the Early Apartheid Era 《走向纳粹主义的伟大跋涉》:种族隔离早期南非的反法西斯主义和激进左翼

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2021.2009014

Asher Lubotzky, Roni Mikel Arieli

{"title":"‘The Great Trek Towards Nazism’: Anti-Fascism and the Radical Left in South Africa During the Early Apartheid Era","authors":"Asher Lubotzky, Roni Mikel Arieli","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2021.2009014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2021.2009014","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In May 1948, three years after the end of World War II, the National Party rose to power in South Africa and started to implement its doctrine of apartheid. In response, activists from various sections of the opposition to apartheid regularly invoked anti-fascist and anti-Nazi rhetoric. Their anti-fascist language combined global concepts – heavily borrowed from the struggle against fascism and Nazism in Europe in the 1930s and 1940s – with the colonial and racialist realities in South Africa. By doing so, activists contested the alleged uniqueness of the conditions in South Africa – conditions that justified, according to Afrikaner Nationalists, the need for apartheid policies. Our study aspires to explore postwar anti-fascism in the anti-apartheid discourse of radical South Africans in the early years of apartheid. We argue that by using specific anti-fascist tropes in their political discourse, South African radicals appropriated this language within the specific South African context, giving it new – sometimes contradicting – meanings that served their local interests of opposing nationalist authoritarianism, apartheid and white supremacy.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44630441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0