South African Historical Journal最新文献_第7页

Experiment at KwaPoyinandi: African Engagement with the Local Health Commission of the Edendale and District Public Health Area, 1942–c.1957 在KwaPoyinandi的实验:非洲人与Edendale地方卫生委员会和地区公共卫生区的接触，1942年至1957年

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2131893

M. Epprecht

{"title":"Experiment at KwaPoyinandi: African Engagement with the Local Health Commission of the Edendale and District Public Health Area, 1942–c.1957","authors":"M. Epprecht","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2131893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2131893","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT KwaPoyinandi was the Zulu term for the Local Health Commission (LHC), a unique but now little-remembered form of local authority that governed the freehold community of Edendale and contiguous farms, townships, and informal settlements from 1942 to 1974. Its early mandate was to rehabilitate the once prosperous community within the social medicine paradigm (primary health care attentive to the social determinants of health) and with the promise of transition to self-governance. Through to the late 1950s, ‘monumental work’ toward that mandate was achieved, including a multiracial advisory board with an African majority and an African chair. KwaPoyinandi also bucked the national apartheid trend for longer than most, if not all, major urban centres in South Africa, with a racially diverse population well into the 1970s. The experiment was hamstrung and ultimately shut down due to its incompatibility with apartheid. I argue that Africans’ active engagement with KwaPoyinandi in diverse and complex ways was an important factor in its early relative success and that this history provides insights pertinent to current debates around the revitalisation of peri-urban communities around South Africa.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45440702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What Can We Learn from Mrs. Ples? – The 75th Anniversary of a Fossil 我们能从普莱斯太太身上学到什么?——纪念化石诞生75周年

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2132695

Christa Kuljian

引用次数: 0

The Bounds of Compassion? Medical Ethics and the Politics of Medical Mercy Killings in South Africa, 1930s to 1976 同情的界限？20世纪30年代至1976年南非的医学伦理与医疗安乐死政治

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2136740

J. Parle

{"title":"The Bounds of Compassion? Medical Ethics and the Politics of Medical Mercy Killings in South Africa, 1930s to 1976","authors":"J. Parle","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2136740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2136740","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The 1975 trial of Dr Alby Hartman for the killing of his father, in September the previous year at the small hospital at Ceres just over 100 kms from Cape Town, galvanised South African debates about medical euthanasia. After the trial, the obligations and duties of doctors faced with extreme suffering, profound disability, or inevitable death were widely discussed. The first study of medical mercy killings in South Africa, this article provides context, from the 1930s to the 1970s, for the Hartman trial and its controversial sentence. I consider why Dr Hartman admitted to ending his father's life, but also entered the plea of not guilty to murder. ‘Compassion was my motive’, he said. Several complexities of compassion and medical ethics in South Africa before 1976 are explored through attention to the role of Dr Guy A. Elliott. Through attention to South African medical politics under apartheid, I explain the contradictory positions on censuring Dr Hartman taken in 1976 by the South African Medical and Dental Council (SAMDC). Finally, I point to how the sentence passed on Dr Hartman – which made him a criminal ‘non-law’- has had a complex legacy for the issue of doctor-assisted dying in South Africa.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48550774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commerce As Politics: The Two Centuries of Struggle for Basotho Economic Independence 商业即政治:巴索托经济独立的两个世纪斗争

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2085316

John Aerni-Flessner

引用次数: 0

‘A Livestock Country Cannot Be Improvised’: Cattle Improvement, Economic Ambitions, and the Environment in Southern Mozambique, 1910s–1940s 《畜牧国家不能临时凑合》:1910 - 1940年莫桑比克南部的养牛改良、经济抱负和环境

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2064909

Bárbara Direito

{"title":"‘A Livestock Country Cannot Be Improvised’: Cattle Improvement, Economic Ambitions, and the Environment in Southern Mozambique, 1910s–1940s","authors":"Bárbara Direito","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2064909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2064909","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Due to the absence of the tsetse fly and the existence of large areas of pasture and fertile river valleys, bovine cattle have historically been central in the lives of African agro-pastoral societies in southern Mozambique. In the beginning of the twentieth century, Portuguese officials became interested in the expansion of the livestock economy to supply internal and external markets. But various diseases, irregular rainfall, and periodic drought posed numerous challenges. Echoing familiar tropes, colonial officials perceived local animal husbandry practices as backward and uneconomic, and argued that Landim cattle, the indigenous breed, was mostly useless. Debates ensued on whether the Landim breed could be improved or popular imported breeds successfully acclimatised to local conditions. This article discusses the evolution of official livestock policies for southern Mozambique between the 1910s and the 1940s. It investigates the way zootechnical debates concerning cattle improvement were influenced by popular scientific theories, economic aspirations, and a specific regional context, but also by perceptions of African and exotic breeds and attitudes towards the local environment. The article sheds light on how Africans, the main cattle owners in the region, responded in significant ways to these developments.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44195994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘The Involvement of the State Had to Be a Secret’: The Impact of Vrye Weekblad and Weekly Mail Exposés on the Apartheid Government and its Conservative Apologists in the United States “国家的介入必须是一个秘密”:《周末报》和《每周邮报》对美国种族隔离政府及其保守派辩护者的影响

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2110611

Bryan Trabold

{"title":"‘The Involvement of the State Had to Be a Secret’: The Impact of Vrye Weekblad and Weekly Mail Exposés on the Apartheid Government and its Conservative Apologists in the United States","authors":"Bryan Trabold","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2110611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2110611","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In its final stages, the apartheid government in South Africa sought to promote an image that it was committed to reform and that it represented the only entity in the country capable of containing ‘black-on-black’ violence. At the same time, it created death squads and supported black counter-revolutionary forces to weaken the African National Congress. For the government’s strategy to work, it was essential that the violence it was using and fomenting remain hidden. Conservatives in the United States served as a willing accomplice of the apartheid government throughout its existence and particularly during this time period. This article examines two exposés published in South Africa: the Vrye Weekblad revelations about the death squads in 1989 and the Weekly Mail articles about the apartheid government’s support for Inkatha in 1991. These exposés, often viewed as separate, distinct stories, are connected in two meaningful ways. First, these newspapers, which reached small readerships in South Africa, published stories that would subsequently be featured in major newspapers in the United States. Secondly, by revealing the apartheid government’s use of covert violence, these exposés undermined the image it was cultivating and the policies it was pursuing to remain in power and, in the process, refuted every claim made by conservatives in the US.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45717364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Production of Space at Pieter Roos Park: Public Space as a Lens into Johannesburg’s Changing Public Culture 1968–2019 彼得鲁斯公园的空间生产:公共空间作为透视约翰内斯堡不断变化的公共文化的镜头，1968-2019

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2071973

Temba John Dawson Middelmann

{"title":"The Production of Space at Pieter Roos Park: Public Space as a Lens into Johannesburg’s Changing Public Culture 1968–2019","authors":"Temba John Dawson Middelmann","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2071973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2071973","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Johannesburg and South Africa’s history and contingencies of colonisation, apartheid and a complex transition to democracy shaped different iterations of Pieter Roos Park. I argue that the dynamics and contingencies of the park in turn played a role in shaping those same histories. Using public space as a lens into history is revealing of how the formation of different publics and their resultant conflicts have produced a public culture of contestation that is embedded in Johannesburg. These dynamics were refracted and reflected in Pieter Roos Park, the development, management and use of which contributed to the changing public culture of the city. Lefebvre’s spatial triad helps reveal how different drivers, motivations and processes interact to produce space, cutting through different levels of complexity and temporality in the interactions between public space and spatial (in)justice. Based primarily on archival research and interviews, this article shows how historical contestations that shaped the production of space at Pieter Roos Park demonstrate its shifting potential for publicness and spatial justice. This offers new insight into the micro-level realities of tensions and opposing sentiments that shaped public space and public culture during apartheid and the transition to democracy.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49121322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Political and Intellectual Lineages of Southern African Anti-Fascism 南部非洲反法西斯的政治和思想渊源

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2077418

J. Hyslop, Kasper Braskén, N. Roos

引用次数: 1

National Socialism, Colonialism and Antifascist Memory Politics in Postwar Dutch–South African Exchanges 战后荷南交往中的国家社会主义、殖民主义与反法西斯记忆政治

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2055131

B. Henkes

{"title":"National Socialism, Colonialism and Antifascist Memory Politics in Postwar Dutch–South African Exchanges","authors":"B. Henkes","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2055131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2055131","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This contribution addresses the dynamics of Dutch memory politics in the Dutch–South African exchanges between 1948 and 1975. The 1948 election victory of the Nationalist Party and their Apartheid policies brought about painful memories of Nazi attrocities, antisemitic persecurtion and anti-fascist struggle in the Netherlands. Soon, however, the Dutch government acquired an interest in highlighting a different history in relation to South Africa when referring to the notion of stamverwantschap. This implied an ethnic–racial identification of the Dutch with White, Nationalist South Africans on the basis of an alleged shared history of Dutchness. These memory politics changed after ‘Sharpeville’ in the 1960s. Once more memories of racist exclusion during National Socialism were revived in relation to the Apartheid regime. These memories facilitated and were strengthened by a growing anti-Apartheid movement. Yet, in their effort to be ‘on the right side of history’, the grassroots memory politics of the anti-Apartheid movement ignored the Dutch colonial implementation of racial inequality and its effects, not only on the Apartheid policies but also in contemporary Dutch society. This article aims to explore spaces for a synergy between narratives of historical catastrophe such as colonialism and Nazism, both with deep historical and intellectual roots in many parts of the world.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48411498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

South African Anti-Fascism and the Nazi Foreign Office: Antisemitism, Anti-communism and the Surveillance of the Third Reich’s International Enemies 南非反法西斯主义和纳粹外交部:反犹主义、反共主义和对第三帝国国际敌人的监视

IF 0.4 3区历史学

South African Historical Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02582473.2022.2027005

Kasper Braskén

{"title":"South African Anti-Fascism and the Nazi Foreign Office: Antisemitism, Anti-communism and the Surveillance of the Third Reich’s International Enemies","authors":"Kasper Braskén","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2027005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2027005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article offers a new analysis of how the Third Reich’s Foreign Office reported on anti-fascist activities in the Union of South Africa during the 1930s. Based on letters, dispatches and reports written by the German legation and official German representatives in South Africa, the article reveals and discusses how Nazi officials followed and reacted to anti-fascist activity in South Africa. The article demonstrates how the German legation perceived anti-fascist movements and analysed them as a part of a rising global anti-German sentiment, Jewish activism, and ‘international bolshevism’. South African anti-fascism reveals itself also as a direct concern for the official bilateral relations between South Africa and Nazi Germany during the 1930s. Germany was intensely concerned with South African public opinion when it came to protests against German Nazism, international fascism and local fascist groups in South Africa. The article thus offers to expand our understanding of South Africa’s place in the global struggle between anti-fascism and fascism and discusses the ways in which anti-fascism was delegitimised. Furthermore, it shows how German clubs, offices, ships and consulates became important sites of protest and targets of anti-fascist activities and boycotts.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49212219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1