Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi最新文献

{"title":"U-Net-RCB7: Image Segmentation Algorithm","authors":"Cihan Akyel","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1208936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1208936","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of skin cancer is increasing. Early detection of cases of skin cancer is vital for treatment. Recently, computerized methods have been widely used in cancer diagnosis. These methods have important advantages such as no human error, short diagnosis time, and low cost. We can segment skin cancer images using deep learning and image processing. Properly segmented images can help doctors predict the type of skin cancer. However, skin images can contain noise such as hair. These noises affect the accuracy of segmentation. In our study, we created a noise dataset. It contains 3000 images and masks. We performed noise removal and lesion segmentation by utilizing the ISIC and PH2. We have developed a new deep learning model called U-Net-RCB7. U-Net-RCB7 contains EfficientNetB7 as the encoder and ResNetC before the last layer. This paper uses a modified U-Net model. Images were divided into 36 layers to prevent loss of pixel values in the images. As a result, noise removal and lesion segmentation were 96% and 98.36% successful, respectively.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69117244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Comparison of Guided Mortar Projectiles with Fixed and Moving Fins","authors":"Bülent Özkan, Harun Gökçe","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1173585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1173585","url":null,"abstract":"Guidance munition has become one of the popular subjects in both the theoretical and applicable studies since they could find a wide field of use in recent years because of their high performance and lower collateral damage capabilities as per the improving defence concept. The use of smaller and lighter guided munition makes the stated advantages increase without relinquishing the effectiveness. In this study, the design of a guidance kit which makes the mortar projectiles become guided when released from aerial platforms and the relevant computer simulations performed upon a selected projectile model are investigated. Here, two different configurations are considered based on the rotational degree of freedom of a pair of fins mounted on a rotary ring. In the simulations in which it is assumed that the guided projectile is released from an unmanned aerial vehicle, the different values of the fin deflection, autopilot switching duration, and side wind are considered for both of the mentioned geometries. Finally, the final miss distance and time of flight values obtained for all the designated cases are compared.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42737403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PAN Bazlı Nanofiberlerin Elektroeğirme ile Üretiminde Proses Değişkenlerinin İstatistiksel Modellenmesi","authors":"Ebubekir Sıddık AYDIN, İbrahim KORKUT","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1247175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1247175","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effects of the electrospinning operating parameters such as flow rate (1-5 ml/h), voltage (15-30 kV), and distance to the collector (100-200 mm) on the physical properties of PAN-based nanofibers were investigated statistically by applying the central composite design method. The minimum nanofiber diameter was found to be 366.5 nm, under operating conditions of 5 ml/h flow rate, 30 kV, and 100 mm distance to the collector. Experimental conditions of 15 kV, 5 ml/h flow rate, and a 200 mm distance to the collector, a maximum porosity value of 0.446 was obtained. Similarly to the porosity, the water absorption capacity (WAC) value did not show a linear increase, and the maximum absorption capacity was calculated as 5712%, and at that point where the diameter is relatively large and the porosity is low.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135721562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Different Windows PE Malware Using Machine Learning Methods","authors":"Aynur Koçak, Esra Söğüt, Mustafa Alkan, O. A. Erdem","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1207704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1207704","url":null,"abstract":"The types and application areas of cyber attacks are increasing and diversifying. Accordingly, the effects of attacks are constantly increasing or changing every moment. Among the attacks, malware attacks also have diversified and gained a wide place in the cyber world. With the use of different techniques and methods, there are problems in detecting and preventing malware attacks. These problems cause the systems' cyber security not to be fully ensured. Due to these situations, different malware attacks are discussed in the study, and the effects of attacks on Windows security are examined. A test-bed called AyEs has been prepared. Different attacks have been carried out, such as screenshots, vnc, aimed at hijacking or corrupting the victim system. The AyEs dataset was created by listening to the system network packets obtained due to the attacks. The dataset was preprocessed and made suitable for analysis. Machine learning methods such as Naive Bayes, J48, BayesNet, IBk, AdaBoost and LogitBoost were used on the dataset to detect malware attacks. J48 and IBk methods, which were found to provide high performance as a result of the analyzes, were suggested in the study. In this way, detection systems suitable for possible attack situations against Windows systems will be implemented easily and effectively. In addition to attack detection, an active role will be assumed in determining the type of attack.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49462764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Approach for Prediction of Physical Parameters of Rectangular-Shaped Microstrip Antenna","authors":"Zeynep Sidika Seven, S. Can","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1194931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1194931","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the results of two optimization algorithms for estimating the resonant frequency, bandwidth, feed point, and input impedance of a rectangular-shaped microstrip antenna. To minimize the design cost and design time, genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization methods have been applied and compared. The antenna design parameters were considered by using a genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is implemented in the MATLAB® environment. The calculation results were assimilated with other studies in the literature in terms of accuracy. The computational results of the optimized parameters are having a good agreement with the experimental results. The optimized antenna was modeled and verified by the analyses performed using the CST Studio Suite® software.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41443773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ergiyik Yığma Modelleme Yöntemi ile Üretilen Numunelerde Örme Yönteminin ve Baskı Yönünün Mukavemete Olan Etkisi","authors":"Bekir Karakoc, Gültekin Uzun","doi":"10.2339/politeknik.1262855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1262855","url":null,"abstract":"Eklemeli imalat mukavemetli ve hafif parçaların üretilmesini sağlayan geleneksel olmayan bir üretim yöntemidir. Üretilen malzemelerde bu özelliklerin oluşturulması için malzeme üretim parametreleri büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, ergiyik yığma modelleme (FDM - fused deposition modelling) esaslı üç boyutlu yazıcı kullanılarak polilaktik asit (PLA) filamentten üretilen çekme testi numunelerinin örme yöntemi ve baskı yönlerinin mukavemete olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, ilk olarak ASTM D638 Tip I standartına göre çekme test numuneleri hazırlanmış ve numuneler üç farklı örme yöntemiyle ve aynı doluluk oranlarında, yatay ve dikey yerleşimlerde olacak şekilde üretilmiştir. Sonrasında ise üretilen tüm numuneler deformasyon, uzama oranı, maksimum yük, akma dayanımı, çekme dayanımı ve kopma dayanımı açısından incelenmiştir. Yatay yerleşimli test numunelerinin dikey yerleşimli test numunelerine oranla daha fazla maksimum yüke dayanabildiği gözlemlenmiştir. Çekme dayanımı bakımından en fazla çekme dayanımı değerinin (21,242 MPa) dönel çizgili (gyroid) örme yöntemli dikey yerleşimli numuneler olduğu, en düşük çekme dayanımı değerinin (17,262 MPa) ise düz çizgili (rectilinear) örme yöntemi ile yatay olarak üretilen test numunelerine ait olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44474073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexural Behavior of Two-layers Reinforced Concrete Beams","authors":"Halmat B. Najm","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp180-192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp180-192","url":null,"abstract":"High-strength concrete is used to reduce the size of the beams in addition to enhancing the strength, this leads to overestimated cost in comparison with normal-strength concrete while using normal-strength concrete leads to the overestimated amount of concrete (layer size) of the beam section. For balancing the condition between the cost and size of beams, the benefit of both materials is used, by using beams in two layers, high-strength concrete in the compression zone (top layer), which is more beneficial for beam strength, and normal strength concrete in tension zone (bottom layer), which is no need using high strength concrete the in-tension zone. This study investigates the flexural and shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams consisting of two layers with different concrete strengths (grades), for beams with and without shear reinforcement (stirrups), considering the effect of shear-span ratio, layer thickness, layer compressive strength, and the overlap time casting of the two layers. The experimental program consists of a total of nineteen reinforced concrete beams of dimension (125 mm x 250 mm) with a total length of 1200 mm, the beams are reinforced with longitudinal reinforcement (4Ø12mm) and using (Ø8mm) bar as transverse reinforcement (stirrups). The experimental results show that the crack pattern of the two-layer reinforced concrete is closer to the crack of the control beam with one layer. Increasing the compressive strength of the concrete of the top layer, the ultimate failure load increased by (8.35%, 15.6%, and 18.85%), with respect to the (control beam) with the full depth of normal concrete. By increasing the high-strength layer thickness, the value of shear strength (Vc) and ultimate shear strength (Vu) increased linearly. The casting overlap time of up to (60 min) can be used for casting two-layered reinforced concrete beams, which is recommended, beyond this time the strength of the shear strength (Vc) and, ultimate shear strength (Vu) decreases. With increasing the shear span ratio (a/d) from (1 to 1.5 and 2) the ultimate load failure decreased by (33% and 50%). The shear strength capacity decreases with increasing stirrup spacing.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80476643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation Mechanisms and Residual Mechanical Properties of Reinforcing Steel Bars Exposed to Natural and Artificial Corrosion – Review & Analysis","authors":"Ghafur H. Ahmed, G. B. Jumaa, N. Askandar","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp70-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp70-84","url":null,"abstract":"Reinforcement corrosion is the most problematic phenomenon and one of the main sources for the degradation of structures and infrastructures all across the world, that leads to their premature deterioration before design life has been attained. Therefore, the structural effects of rebar corrosion are crucial in determining the structural performance and residual strength of impaired structures. In the present work, the corrosion initiation mechanisms, corrosion products, corrosion types, corrosion consequences on structural performance and detrimental factors related to corrosion were presented in brief. Moreover, the propagation period and the main consequences on mechanical properties of steel and concrete are analyzed. Analyses of the available statistical data collected from literature were performed for 443 specimens. The findings are further interpreted from structural point of view, and deterioration equations for the mechanical properties of the corroded reinforcements are developed. The relations are well analyzed, leading to the definition of decay equation for yielding and ultimate stresses, and ultimate strain. It was found that the mass loss of 1% due to the rebar corrosion can cause the strength loss of 1.34%, 1.30%, and 3.54% respectively for yield strength, ultimate strength, and elongation. The suggested formulas can be applied in analytical and numerical structural applications.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82194694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of entecavir or probiotics on Oxaliplatin-Induced Liver Injury in the rats","authors":"Asem A. Askandar, Ansam N. Alhassani","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp174-179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp174-179","url":null,"abstract":"Oxaliplatin (OXA), a current cancer chemotherapeutic, has low efficacy and is linked to serious adverse effects, including liver damage. We anticipated that probiotics and entecavir would help reduce OXA-induced liver damage because the pathophysiology of drug-induced liver damage is thought to be related to the disordered gut microbiota. Twenty-four rats were used in this study and divided into 4 groups: control group (n=6), OXA group (n=6), entecavir (ENT) group (n=6), and probiotics (PRO) group (n=6). After 3 weeks, all rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were analyzed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-1. Serum measurement of biochemical parameters showed a significant increase in ALP in the OXA group compared to the control group (p<0.0001). The treatment with ENT or PRO along with OXA alleviated these changes. Significant elevation of serum ALT (p=0.041) and non-significant (p=0.210) increase of AST was observed in OXA-treated rats as compared with control rats. The administration of ENT or PRO along OXA restored these changes, but they did not reach the levels of control rats. Significant elevations of serum IL-1 (p=0.024) and a non-significant (p=0.114) increase of IL-6 were observed in OXA-treated rats compared to control rats. The administration of ENT or PRO along OXA reduced inflammatory cytokines' levels but they did not return to the baseline. The treatment with ENT or PRO was beneficial in reducing the severity of OXA-induced liver injury, likely by reducing inflammatory responses and liver function tests.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74214936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of the Gomaspan Dam's Stepped Spillway Against Cavitation using CFDcity","authors":"Abo A. A","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp47-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp47-52","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine how well the stepped spillway at Gomaspan dam performs in terms of cavity index. For this purpose, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code called FLUENT is used. To begin, the code was validated by applying it to the experiments work of (Li et al. 2021), and the findings demonstrate great agreement between CFD and the aforementioned experimental data. Second, the algorithm is applied to the designed stepped spillway of the Gomaspan dam, and the cavity index is obtained at each step. The results show that the design is unsatisfactory, and the steps are particularly vulnerable to cavitation because the inception point located at step 19 and the velocity of water after inception point ranges between (22m/s-34.6m/s), it may also cause the cavitation after a long period of time.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"278 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83633257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}