Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder among Peshmargas, Whom fought against ISIS War in Kurdistan Region Borders","authors":"Shireen J. Mohammed, Hoshyar A. Ahmed","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp35-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp35-41","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Psychological disturbance is one of the most significant feature amongst individuals who are served military tasks. This study presented the Post Traumatic Disorder (PTSD) among the peshmargas (Kurdish military personnel) who joined in ISIS war. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among peshmargas returning from war and to identify the associated factors of PTSD among the study sample.\u0000Methods: A purposive sample of 113 peshmargas had been studied during the period 1st of January to 1st of June 2018. The participants’ responses to the PTSD Checklist had been recorded by the researchers.\u0000Results: The study revealed that 21.24% of peshmargas suffered from some symptoms of PTSD, more than half (52.21%) of them suffered from moderately to moderately high severity symptoms, and (26.55%) of them suffered from high severity of PTSD. It has been concluded that the high prevalence of PTSD among peshmargas needs attention from the concerned health institutions\u0000Conclusions: Evidence based research on treatment of PTSD among combat soldiers is neglected internationally. Most studies are needed to diagnosis the PTSD and other Psychological and Psychiatric disorder among non-deployed and deployed Peshmargas. Further research is needed to study the impact of positive PTSD on the psychosocial aspect of Peshmargas","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77567053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought vulnerability modeling over Mandawa watershed, northern Iraq, using GIS-AHP techniques","authors":"Zhyan A. Ahmed, Jehan M. Sheikh Suleimany","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp136-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp136-147","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is among the most severe natural calamities induced by lack of water, having a negative implication on water resources and agriculture in the affected area. Drought types and severity vary by location, so understanding the spatial distribution can aid in developing measures to overcome this natural hazard. In this study, the areas vulnerable to droughts in the Mandawa watershed in the Kurdistan region of Iraq were determined by employing seven associated factors: rainfall, temperature, LULC, surface slope, soil texture, elevation, and distance to rivers. Satellite imagery of Landsat 8 OLI for 2021 was employed to create the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) and distance to rivers maps. The elevation and surface slope maps have been generated from the Digital Elevation Model at 30 m resolution, soil texture map was extracted from The FAO Digital Soil Map of the World and the inverse distance weighting method was utilized to interpolate the rainfall and temperature throughout the watershed. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to create a pairwise compression matrix to obtain the weight of each parameter. In the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, the combined impact of affecting factors was utilized to create the area's drought zonation map. The results indicated that only 5.2% and 13.8% of the study area is vulnerable to extreme and severe droughts, respectively. While more than 35% of the watershed is hardly vulnerable to droughts.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85993573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge protocol of direct and indirect Veneers among dental practitioners - A case study","authors":"Sazan M. Azeez, Bassam K. Amin, Noor K. Hamid, A. A. Saber","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp121-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp121-128","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives:  Dental veneers are constructed from different materials such as porcelain, pressed ceramic, processed composite, or directly applied composite. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the preferred dental materials for veneers and the knowledge about its procedures by dentists in the Kurdistan region/Erbil city\u0000Methods: To assess general dentists' knowledge and practical use of direct and indirect veneers, a cross-sectional survey was undertaken in March 2022 among all general dentists and different dental specialties in Erbil city. The questionnaire was composed of 16 questions and was organized into knowledge, attitude, and practice sections. Google forms were used to collect responses, which were then statistically examined.\u0000Results: This study revealed respondents were having difficulty in veneer cementations followed by tooth preparations, P value=0.025, hence statistically significant.  The most popular veneer among practitioners were EMAX press and EMAX CAD. In addition, veneer dislodgement was the most common problem faced by dentists followed by tooth sensitivity, p value 0.012 so statistically significant.\u0000Conclusions:  Given the study's limitations, it may be stated that dentists should get good expertise in case selection for veneers, shade matching, optimal preparation processes and designs, and current advancements in veneer materials and adhesive techniques.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90472737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Subminimal Inhibitory Concentrations of Chlorhexidine on the Chlorhexidine Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates","authors":"Hawkar S. Omer, S. Aka","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp85-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp85-91","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Multi-drug resistant microorganisms have caused a remarkable increase in hospital-acquired infections (HAI) during the previous few decades. Moreover, microbiological contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants has been recorded in medical settings.\u0000Methods:  A total of 61 clinically relevant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were collected from various clinical specimens in hospitals in Erbil city/Iraq between September 2021 and March 2022. The isolates were identified using VITEK-2 compact system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out for a total of 16 different therapeutically relevant antibiotics in accordance with the criteria of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) using the above mentioned system. A spectrophotometer was used to determine the optical density at 600 nm (OD600nm) for biofilm evaluation. Wilcoxon signed ranks test used to determine the effect of sub-MIC of CHX on the CHX-MIC and biofilm formation.\u0000Results: the study showed that there is a significant difference in CHX-MIC and biofilm formation before and after 7 days of incubation of Acinetobacter baumannii in sub-MIC of CHX (p<0.05). Exposure of Acinetobacter baumannii to sub-lethal CHX concentrations develops inducible resistance to lethal CHX doses. The biofilm formation ability of isolates also increased after using sub-lethal dose of CHX.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82694820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REVIEW OF FEATURE SELECTION METHODS USING OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM","authors":"Zana O. Hamad","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp203-214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp203-214","url":null,"abstract":"Many works have been done to reduce complexity in terms of time and memory space. The feature selection process is one of the strategies to reduce system complexity and can be defined as a process of selecting the most important feature among feature space. Therefore, the most useful features will be kept, and the less useful features will be eliminated. In the fault classification and diagnosis field, feature selection plays an important role in reducing dimensionality and sometimes might lead to having a high classification rate. In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented about feature selection processing and how it can be done. The primary goal of this research is to examine all of the strategies that have been used to highlight the (selection) selected process, including filter, wrapper, Meta-heuristic algorithm, and embedded. Review of Nature-inspired algorithms that have been used for features selection is more focused such as particle swarm, Grey Wolf, Bat, Genetic, wale, and ant colony algorithm. The overall results confirmed that the feature selection approach is important in reducing the complexity of any model-based machine learning algorithm and may sometimes result in improved performance of the simulated model.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72681257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Dapagliflozin on Aldosterone Hormone in Rats with Heart Failure","authors":"Skala Mamand, Z. Mustafa","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp53-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp53-60","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The latest anti-diabetic medication sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitor along with the lowering of blood glucose has a cardioprotective and reno-protective effect, it has the ability to reduce the development of heart failure and decrease hospitalization in heart failure subjects with and without diabetes. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitor dapagliflozin alone and in combination with eplerenone on the aldosterone hormone in the treatment of rats with experimentally induced heart failure.Method: Thirty Wister rats were randomly divided into five groups each of six rats, the first group served as a control group. The heart failure model was induced experimentally by intraperitoneal injection of isoprenaline 5mg/kg/day for one week for the rest of the experimental rat groups. The second group was a positive control. The third, fourth, and fifth groups received oral daily doses of dapagliflozin 10 mg/kg/day, eplerenone 100 mg/kg/day, and dapagliflozin-eplerenone 10,100 mg/kg/day respectively for four weeks.Results: Induction of heart failure in rats has significantly raised circulating BNP, NT-Pro BNP, aldosterone, troponin I, serum urea, and creatinine. Rats treated with dapagliflozin showed statistically significant decreases in BNP, NT-Pro BNP, aldosterone, troponin I, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine. Non significant changes are seen in decreasing mean blood pressure. Dapagliflozin-eplerenone administration produced a significant reduction in plasma aldosterone level, heart rate, and diastolic blood pressure.Conclusion: The study demonstrates the cardiovascular benefit of sodium-glucose co transporter inhibitor dapagliflozin in rats with experimentally induced heart failure, reducing the myocardial stretch indicates the prominent role of dapagliflozin in reducing the development of heart failure and decreasing cardiovascular complications in subjects with and without diabetes. Moreover, the impact of dapagliflozin on renal function further contributes to cardiovascular benefits by reducing volume overload and neurohormonal activation which are features of cardiorenal syndrome.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77724328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Y-chromosomal Short Tandem Repeat Variation in Kurd, Assyrian, and Armenian populations in Iraq Kurdistan","authors":"Sabriya K. Khalid, Y. Fattah","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp148-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp148-157","url":null,"abstract":"Background: North central Middle Eastern countries Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Syria all have persistent Kurdish regions. Over thousands of years, several ethnicities have immigrated, settled, or resided in the region, including Turks, Persians, Arabs, Kurds, Armenians, Assyrians, Chechens, and Azeris.\u0000Methods: Eleven Y-chromosome STRs were evaluated in a total of 90 unrelated males from the Kurds, Armenians, and Assyrians populations in the Kurdistan region of Iraq (DYS19, DYS390, DYS393, DYS426, DYS437, DYS439, DYS447, DYS460, DYS461, DYS481, and DYS576). Using a DNA extraction kit, total DNA was isolated from leukocytes. PCR products were run on 8% polyacrylamide gel with a 50bp ladder DNA marker to size the bands, and silver staining was used to identify the DNA bands. Power Marker V3.25 software was used to determine variety of genetic parameters, including total allele number, allele frequency, gene diversity, polymorphic information content (PIC), and phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA-X software.\u0000Results: The total number of alleles identified in the three populations was 380. The sizes of the alleles ranged from 87bp to 275bp.The most diverse loci were DYS447 and DYS576 (GD: 0.949), whereas DYS426 showed the least diversity (GD:0.896). The Phylogenetic tree divided the populations into two main clusters: The Kurdish and Armenian clades in one cluster and the Assyrian in another cluster. Few of dendrogram leaves from the three examined groups were admixed with each other. \u0000Conclusions: This study confirms the high-resolution Y-STR typing's ability to discriminate. We conclude that the genetic distance between Kurd and Armenians is less than the genetic distance between the Kurd and the Assyrians, meaning that the Armenians population are genetically closer to the Kurds population.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76929363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for antibacterial activity in selected medicinal plant extracts against Xanthomonas euvesicatoria","authors":"Medya A. Salih, T. S. Rashid","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp215-219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp215-219","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: The environment and human health have fared badly from the use of ‎synthetic pesticides as a form of pest control. Plants are considered as an alternate pesticide for pest control ‎without sacrificing the environment and their potency on pests.‎\u0000Methods: Aqueous extracts of (Lavender flower, olive leaves, thuja leaves and fruit, fig milk, clove flower buds, Arabic gum, Borage, Tarragon, Cress seed and Carob tree) were tested against newly isolated Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Acc. No. OP115671) from symptomatic tomato plants.\u0000Results: The in vitro results showed that clove extract is highly effective in inhibiting bacterium growth followed by borage, carob and tarragon respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration MIC and the minimum bactericidal concentration MBC of clove extract reached 3.125 and 6.25 mg/ml respectively.\u0000 Conclusions: This study indicated that aqueous extract of clove can potentially be used as a promising bactericide in the near future.\u0000Key Words: Clove, borage, carob, tarragon, MIC and MBC.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81673635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Homocysteine, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin D among Patients with Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Fenik A. Nadir, Zeyan A. Ali","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp168-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp168-173","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease that begins exclusively in the colon or rectum and is caused by the abnormal growth of glandular epithelial cells within the colon. Homocysteine, vitamin B6, and vitamin D are recognized to play a significant role in colorectal tumor pathogenesis. The aim of this study to investigate serum levels of Hcy, vitamin D and vitamin B6 in colorectal cancer.\u0000Methods: The current study investigated the vital roles of homocysteine, vitamin B6 and vitamin D in cancer development by comparing serum levels of colorectal cancer patients with those of the healthy control group at Nanakaly hospital. The levels of serum homocysteine (Hcy), vitamin B6 and vitamin D in 50 colorectal cancer patients and 50 from the healthy control group have been examined.\u0000Results: The result shows significantly high values of serum homocysteine (p<0.0001) and significant decreases in values of vitamin B6 and vitamin D (p<0.0001and 0.0010) respectively, in patients with CRC when compared with the healthy group.\u0000Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that increased levels of homocysteine and decreased levels of vitamin B6 and vitamin D could be associated with the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83669949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving Vehicle Method to Calculate Traffic Flow Characteristics for Erbil 60m Ring Road","authors":"Kamal Y. Abdulla, Bafrin Ch. Zero","doi":"10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp158-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v12n2y2022.pp158-167","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic flow characteristics are important factors in the planning and management of highway facilities. Such information is not available in systematic form of the city of Erbil, so this study aims to obtain required data on flow, speed and density accordingly to find the relationship between these three parameters. Travel time, travel speed and flow due to traffic interaction data are also needed to evaluate the existing levels of service which is necessary for transportation planning and economic analysis, to be done in this field. This study uses the directional distribution of several selected road sections in the city of Erbil to give a complete picture of traffic flow in terms of size, daily and hourly variabilities. It was for this purpose that 60m ring road in Erbil city was chosen. To evaluate the data, software such as (Microsoft Excel, SPSS) were used in-order to develop relationships among each pair of flow type variables (density, speed and flow).\u0000Measuring strength of the relationships between speed-density, flow-density and speed-flow should be done. The relation between traffic flows data was found by the R² is applied for all models. The strength of relationships among speed-density, flow-density and speed-flow should be measured. The relation between traffic flows data was found by the R² is applied for all modes.\u0000The maximum flow rate in Section 9 is over 9000 pc/hr but range of flow is equal to 7605 pc/hr and range of space mean speed is it among 20 and 55 km/hr at peak hour and highest range of density is among 40 and 160 pc/km.","PeriodicalId":44937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polytechnic-Politeknik Dergisi","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87101585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}