{"title":"Design and Simulation of OTFT Using Bi-Polymer Layers Based on Squid Optimization with Dielectric Medium to Enhance Electrical Characteristics","authors":"Deepika Panghal, Rekha Yadav","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700341","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) has grown significantly and is now an advanced technology. One of the biggest and most favourable electronic device technologies for printable and flexible electronics is the organic thin film transistor. However, designing large-scale integration circuits remains difficult due to device uniformity. Although semiconductor layer technology has advanced, the quality of the dielectric layers is similarly essential. Leakage current and transistor size are the main factors which impact the electronic device. However, leakage current occurs due to the reduction of dielectric material that affects the parameters like threshold voltage, capacitance and transconductance. To overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, the bi-polymer layers based on squid optimization with the dielectric medium is proposed. Bi-polymers such as PEI-EP (polyetherimide–epoxy polymer), POM-H (polyoxymethylene homopolymer) and SiO<span>({}_{2})</span> is utilized as trilayer dielectric material in this proposed method to reduce the leakage current and act as insulator. Squid game optimization is applied to optimally select the dielectric thickness to perform better performance in the device. Electrical measurements such as <span>(I{-}V)</span>, transfer characteristics, mobility (<span>(mu)</span>) and capacitance (pF) are used to evaluate the performance of the device. The obtained electrical characteristics are mobility as 355 cm<span>({}^{2})</span> V<span>({}^{-1})</span> s<span>({}^{-1})</span> and capacitance value as 7.00 pF are compared with the existing dielectric materials. The experiment shows that the simulation and modelling of the proposed method performs better than the other existing dielectric medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determine Multilayers Coating Dispersive Properties Using Statistical Parameters","authors":"Elham Jasim Mohammad","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700201","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Many studies about the multilayer coating have indicated the effects of reflection phase, reflection group delay (GD), and reflection group delay dispersion (GDD) characteristics. Some overlook the importance of studying complex statistical coefficients and their role in comparing the results of optical designs and realize how important information is in analyzing data. In statistics, one can learn various techniques for working with data. This paper goes into a detailed study of multilayer stacks’ dispersive properties for two mirror designs depending on MATLAB programs based on statistical parameters to evaluate the reflectance for the ZnS/MgF<span>({}_{2})</span> mirror. Two samples with a quarter wavelength optical thickness were prepared, specially designed for 632.8 nm He-Ne laser mirrors. For the designed mirror, the value of the reflectivity of the thirteen-layer ZnS/MgF<span>({}_{2})</span> mirror is 99.34<span>(%)</span>, while for the seven-layer ZnS/MgF<span>({}_{2})</span> mirror is 96.57<span>(%)</span>. This study presents greater detail on statistics and realized data topics when designing multilayer coating, including mean, median, mode, and standard deviation (STD). The reliability and accuracy of the data can be verified by calculating the standard deviation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation Analysis of the Transient Absorption Spectroscopic Dynamics of Charge Recombination in a Semiconductor Attached with a Gold Nanoparticle Using Initially Variable Coordinates","authors":"Junli Wang, Akihiro Furube","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700183","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A Monte Carlo random walk (MCRW) was used to simulate the photocatalytic kinetics of electron diffusion and charge recombination in gold-titanium dioxide (Au/TiO<span>({}_{2})</span>). We designed an MCRW algorithm using MATLAB for one-sided absorption and three-sided reflectance in a rectangle, which conformed to be a good model of photocatalyst nanoparticles (Au/TiO<span>({}_{2})</span>) in ultrafast spectra reported. As the initial point coordinates change, the corresponding absorption histogram and probability density are obtained. From this simulation, we analyzed both the decay of electron particle absorption and the lifetime; namely, the closer the electrons are to the initial coordinates <span>(x=1)</span>, the faster the corresponding decays are. By means of the fitting curve, we verified that electron diffusion strongly depends on the initial coordinates measured from the TiO<span>({}_{2})</span> nanoparticle interfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Construction of an Operational Prototype of Optical Atmospheric Turbulence Parameters Measurement Device Based on Moiré Deflectometry","authors":"Mohsen Dashti","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700171","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Laboratory equipment based on the Moiré deflectometry method have been recently introduced for atmospheric turbulence measurements. One of the advantages of this method is its simple and inexpensive implementation. This paper introduced a device based on this method to measure the Fried parameter <span>({r}_{0})</span> and the refractive index structure constant of the atmosphere <span>({it C}_{{it n}}^{2})</span>. These parameters are a measure of the atmospheric turbulence intensity. The device is easily portable and its settings are very simple. By connecting it to a computer, data can be analyzed and the measurement results can be seen with a program under MATLAB.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140888094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modified Mask R-CNN with KNN Algorithm Based Segmentation and Classification for Prediction of Brain Tumor Types","authors":"Anjali Hemant Tiple, A. B. Kakade","doi":"10.3103/s8756699024700146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699024700146","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Separation of diseased brain tissues from normal brain tissues is one of the most important tasks in any system for detecting brain tumors. It is important to note that the field of brain tumor analysis has effectively applied medical image processing techniques, particularly on MR images, to automate crucial procedures including extraction, segmentation, and classification for tumor detection. Computer-aided diagnostic techniques are getting harder to employ and yet have many unresolved issues since tumors can vary in their sizes, locations, and shapes. More research has been centered on the noninvasive imaging capabilities of MRI. As a result, electronic methods are used to diagnose brain malignancies. One of the most popular and commonly used electronic methods for detecting brain cancers is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Hence, the MRI brain image based brain tumor model has been designed using the modified Mask R-CNN. In this designed model, Van Cittert algorithm is used for pre-processing the brain tumor MRI images to deblur and improve the quality of the gathered input images. The preprocessed data are segmented using Mask-KRCNN, which divides recognized objects into their pixel-level segments. The KNN classification technique may be used to train the Mask R-CNN algorithm to handle overlapping objects with multiple classes. Accuracy, error, sensitivity, specificity, precision, FPR, FNR, F1-Score, MCC, Kappa, MK, FM, NPV, FOR and FDR are some of the performance metrics for this designed model. The attained performance metrics values for the proposed model are 96, 4, 93, 98, 93, 1, 6, 93, 95, 94, 86, 93, 98, 2, and 2<span>(%)</span>. Thus, the modified mask R-CNN with KNN algorithm primarily based on segmentation and type for prediction of brain tumor types plays better than the existing version.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140569819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. A. Kartashov, S. N. Podlesnyi, V. A. Antonov, V. P. Popov, Yu. N. Pal’yanov
{"title":"Raman and ODMR Spectroscopy of NV Centers in Nanolayers and Nanopillars of $$mathbf{{langle 111rangle}}$$ Diamond after Etching with a Focused Beam of Ga Ions","authors":"I. A. Kartashov, S. N. Podlesnyi, V. A. Antonov, V. P. Popov, Yu. N. Pal’yanov","doi":"10.3103/s8756699023060067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699023060067","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The spectral characteristics of the optically detected magnetic resonance of negatively charged nitrogen–vacancy (NV<span>({}^{-})</span>) centers in synthetic diamonds and nanopillars on their surface formed by a focused Ga<span>({}^{+})</span> ion beam, when the lower spin sublevels are populated with microwave radiation, are studied. In the course of studies for emerging spin resonances at different values of the external magnetic field, both a significant decrease in the gyromagnetic ratio and a significant drop in the photoluminescence contrast are revealed for the directions of the NV<span>({}^{-})</span> centers inclined to the axis of the nanopillars due to residual defects from ion etching recorded on Raman spectra in the form of peaks from amorphous carbon and graphite and the stresses they create.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. A. Okotrub, Yu. V. Zaitseva, S. V. Adishchev, T. A. Rakhmanova, S. Ya. Amstislavskii
{"title":"Millifluidic Cuvette for Measuring Raman Scattering from Single Oocytes Manufactured by Photopolymer Stereolithography","authors":"K. A. Okotrub, Yu. V. Zaitseva, S. V. Adishchev, T. A. Rakhmanova, S. Ya. Amstislavskii","doi":"10.3103/s8756699023060109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699023060109","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The use of photopolymer stereolithography for the creation of millifluidic devices for spectroscopic studies is proposed. The efficiency of the approach is demonstrated by the example of creating a millifluidic cuvette for studying single oocytes of mouse using Raman scattering (RS) under conditions of varying composition of the surrounding solution. It is shown that when using a sandwich cuvette design, it is possible to measure Raman scattering from samples inside the cuvette, despite the intense signal from the material of the cuvette.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. V. Britvin, S. I. Konyaev, B. V. Poller, A. B. Poller, M. S. Khairetdinov
{"title":"Experimental Characteristics of an Atmospheric Fiber Laser System for Detecting Acoustic Infrasonic Oscillations forGeoecological Monitoring","authors":"A. V. Britvin, S. I. Konyaev, B. V. Poller, A. B. Poller, M. S. Khairetdinov","doi":"10.3103/s875669902306002x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s875669902306002x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The problem of measuring the spatiotemporal and energy parameters of acoustic infrasonic oscillations in the atmosphere is considered based on the placement of laser and fiber lines in geoecological monitoring zones. The measurements are based on the phenomenon of acousto-optical transformation at infralow frequencies associated with the influence of an external acoustic wave field on the characteristics of the propagation of laser pulse beams in this field. Background and anthropogenic atmospheric acoustic processes are used as external field sources. The measured parameter is the fluctuation of the phase (frequency) of the atmospheric optical signal relative to the reference optical fiber signal. The characteristics of the atmospheric fiber laser system and some results of experiments on assessing the statistics of fluctuations in the phase of atmospheric laser pulses and the parameters of infrasound fields in a given atmospheric monitoring zone are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. E. Kirik, I. D. Vatnik, O. A. Gorbunov, D. V. Churkin
{"title":"Methods of Measuring the Narrow-Band Generation Dynamics near the Generation Threshold of a Raman Fiber Laser with a Random Feedback","authors":"A. E. Kirik, I. D. Vatnik, O. A. Gorbunov, D. V. Churkin","doi":"10.3103/s8756699023060079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699023060079","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The narrow spectral modes forming the generation spectrum of a Raman fiber laser with a random distributed feedback near the generation threshold are of great interest from both the fundamental and practical viewpoints. A small spectral bandwidth, a stochastic generation character, and a relatively short lifetime impose essential requirements on experimental equipment and methods. The experimental approaches enabling the comprehensive characterization of such modes are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"274 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laser Generation without Population Inversion in the Red Wing of the $${D}_{1}$$ -Line of Alkali Metal Atoms under Resonant Diode Pumping","authors":"A. I. Parkhomenko, A. M. Shalagin","doi":"10.3103/s8756699023060110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s8756699023060110","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A new method of laser radiation generation without population inversion in the red wing of the <span>(D_{1})</span>-line of alkali metal atoms under resonant absorption of broadband radiation of pump laser diodes at the <span>(D_{1})</span> transition is studied theoretically. The appearance of laser generation is caused by the fact that the probability of stimulated emission in the red wing of the spectral line exceeds the probability of absorption if homogeneous broadening due to interaction between active particles and the buffer gas significantly exceeds the natural broadening (under high pressures of the buffer gas). Analytical formulas representing the operation of a transversely diode-pumped alkali metal vapor laser are obtained. It is found that cesium atoms are the most promising object for observation of laser generation without population inversion in the red wing of the <span>(D_{1})</span>-line of alkali metal atoms. In a sufficiently long active medium (the length of the medium is 50 times its width), the efficiency of pumping radiation conversion into laser radiation can reach 57% at a buffer gas pressure of 5 atm, a pump diode radiation intensity of 5 kW/cm<span>({}^{2})</span>, and a half-width of its spectrum of 1 cm<span>({}^{-1})</span>. The laser radiation frequency can be tuned by several tens of cm<span>({}^{-1})</span>.</p>","PeriodicalId":44919,"journal":{"name":"Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}