Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics of providing financial support to small business in fishing industry using production model of knowledge base","authors":"E. Chertina, I. Kvyatkovskaya, Nadezhda Valerievna Daviduk","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-33-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-33-42","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the procedure of selecting applications for state financial support for small businesses in the fishing industry. Criteria for expert evaluation of applications have been defined taking into account industry specifics and including the following blocks: “Compliance with formal requirements”, “Type of activity”, “Justification of the requested funding”, “Socio-economic contribution to the region”. The principles of developing the evaluation criteria are generalized. The examination procedure algorithm taking into account the observance of formal requirements at the first stage of the expertise has been worked out. The algorithm provides for the functionality of clarifying the type of activity and conducting assessment according to the relevant criteria. Aggregated indicators of expert assessments reduced to a linguistic description “high”, “medium”, “low” are obtained. The system of trapezoidal membership functions on the 01-carrier (five-factor 01-classifier) is illustrated. The applicability of fuzzy logic tools for the tasks of multi-criteria assessment and management decision-making is substantiated. A base of rules for fuzzy production has been developed, consisting of 9 rules and a set of management decisions on financial support. The implementation of the decision-making procedure as a fuzzy production model built on using FuzzyLogicToolbox is shown. The conclusion about the possibility of using the results in the design of intelligent decision support systems in the field of financing small and medium-sized businesses in the fishing industry is made. It has been stated that the fuzzy production system and the expert evaluation algorithm can be projected onto other branches of the national economy as a result of the configuration of the constituent elements.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"623 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134453686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial tools for ensuring effective transformative processes of agricultural sector development","authors":"Y. Taraskina, M. Shendo, S. Gordienko","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-7-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-7-18","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring the effective development of transformational processes in the agricultural sector is currently one of the key tasks of the socio-economic policy of the Russian Federation. The processes of systemic transformation of the market agro-economy are aimed at ensuring a stable and balanced growth in agricultural production in the country as part of the implementation of the doctrine of food security. Using modern financial mechanisms for preferential lending to agricultural producers should contribute to the dynamic development of the industry by ensuring sufficient investment in fixed capital and timely provision of agricultural enterprises with short loans, the purpose of which is to support farmers “in the moment” taking into account a seasonality factor. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of agricultural production for 1990-2022 the distinctive features of the stages of transformation of the agricultural industry of the Russian Federation are determined. In the course of assessing the level of digitalization of the agricultural industry at the present stage of development it was revealed that the digitalization index and the intensity of the use of digital technologies in agriculture are the lowest among all leading industries, as well as due to the low level of investment activity. Main tools of state support for enterprises of the agro-industrial complex are the direct subsidies and subsidies for preferential loans to ensure the stable functioning of the industry. Analysis of the needs of agricultural producers in preferential loans and the percentage of their satisfaction indicates the insufficient development of the mechanism for preferential lending to agricultural producers on the part of all its subjects. According to the results of the analysis, recommendations were developed to improve the efficiency of the mechanism for preferential lending to the industry, which are designed to ensure the availability of this type of lending for all forms of business, simplify the procedure for issuing preferential loans, reduce the time for filing and considering applications, and increase the percentage of their approval","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132131557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern approaches to assessing economic security of industrial complex (case of fishing industry in Primorsky Kray)","authors":"E. Levkina, L. A. Sakharova, E. Stenkina","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-100-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-100-108","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the problem of ensuring economic security. The levels of economic security management are identified and their brief characteristics are given. New restrictions against resource companies from the Russian Federation, intensive import substitution policy, a need to develop the national production are strategic factors in ensuring the economic security of all levels of the economic system and food security of the country. Taking into account the structural features of the sectoral systems and the current challenges of the political and economic situation, the assessment of effectiveness of the economic security system of industrial enterprises at the meso-level is of particular importance. A theoretical review of scientific sources in the relevant field of scientific research was conducted, the results of functioning of the fishing industry were analyzed, according to the key economic indicators, the sectoral problems and factors contributing to the improvement of the economic security of the industrial complex were identified. The results of the fishing industry functioning are being studied, the development of the economy of the fishing industry is defined as a priority for the national economy. Considering the indicators characterizing the economic security of the fishing industry of Primorsky Kray, the heterogeneity of its development is revealed. The problems hindering its development are listed. Negative dynamics of the indicators could be applied to judge serious deficiencies in the management of the fishing industry influenced by the objective and subjective factors. It has been inferred that it is necessary to develop a system of measures strengthening the socio-economic development of the fishing industry in order to prevent the external and internal threats and financial risks.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114155239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified customer experience model: omnichannel approach and impact on financial results of organization activities","authors":"E. Nigay, Y. Lebedinskaya, E. Koshevaya, Elena Barausova","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-70-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-70-79","url":null,"abstract":"Growth of financial activity, stable functioning and sustainable development of economic systems are largely ensured by the formation of strong and competitive business structures that timely adapt their strategic approaches to management in accordance with the conditions of the environment. Maintaining competitive positions in the market in conditions of digitalization becomes difficult or impossible without creating new sources of competitive advantages. Digitalization of the economy and business requires a corresponding change in the business model of the organization. One of the most contemporary issues of improvement in the structure of the business model is the system of interaction with the client. Its timely transformation ensures an integrated system approach to service and interaction with the client based on the omnichannel approach. This approach means including into the business processes of organizing a comprehensive system of digital and analog communication channels that provide multi-channel communication of business with the client, which form a single history of contacts and client experience in the company. From this position, the number of mastered, implemented digital technologies and communication channels in the system of interaction with the client can serve as an indicator of the company’s digital activity. There is proposed an author's approach to transforming the system of interaction with the client (through the omnichannel prism) in the business model of the organization in the context of the digitalization of the economy and business, defines the requirements for the business model and developed a system of indicators for assessing its effectiveness. An algorithm for introducing a digital business model into the activities of a trading enterprise is developed.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116620429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal income tax: social aspect","authors":"R. Arykbaev, Elena I. Kozyrenko, Marina A. Shulimova, Elena N. Derbeneva","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-19-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-19-32","url":null,"abstract":"In modern conditions that are characterized by financial and economic instability the problem of ensuring the balance of funds coming to budgets of all levels is quite acute. One of the key sources of income of the Russian consolidated budget are the tax payments, among which the personal income tax (PIT) plays an important role. In-come tax in Russia has a fairly long history of formation. Its economic content and implemented functions indicate the high importance of income taxation for the life of society, economic and budgetary systems. There have been studied the current trends in development of taxation of personal income in Russia. It has been stated that in modern conditions there appear more challenges from the world economy and currency market, which may result in personal income tax administration becoming more complicated in Russia. Due to the impact of coronavirus pandemic, imposing the economic sanctions and the general unfavourable macroeconomic situation there have been highlighted the increasing PIT arrears, decreasing tax revenues, a low share of PIT in the consolidated budget and GDP of the Russian Federation. Economic and financial potential of PIT is underutilized in Russia. There has been proposed an approach to changing the tax tools including tax mechanisms that form the level of well-being and development of citizens using a progressive scale of taxation. It is recommended to provide for a change in the PIT depending on the level of citizens’ income and their proximity to the subsistence minimum. This approach will contribute to solving the problems of social inequality, redistributing excess incomes in favor of the least affluent segments of the population, improving the effectiveness of Russia’s social policy in the medium term, and increasing budget revenues","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116932009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of product complexity on sustainable development of industrial enterprises","authors":"Nikita Evgen'evich Popov","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-123-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-123-129","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the influence of product complexity (expansion of the product range for ensuring \u0000a balanced product portfolio capable of meeting consumer requirements, used technological equipment and raw materials components characterized by non-standard characteristics, complexity of technological processes, etc.) on operational efficiency (production time, cost, supply chain, effective inventory management, etc.) and, as a consequence, on ensuring the sustainable development of industrial enterprises, taking into account the peculiarities of production and economic activity. The concepts of product complexity and operational efficiency are studied in detail. It is demonstrated that the product complexity has a stable relationship with the increasing costs, time spent on the produced unit, providing the warehouse balance of finished products, amount of labor, downtime of the main technological equipment associated with the production of a large assortment of goods. Relationship between the increased complexity of the product and its quality is less pronounced. Control over the quality indicators is important at all phases of the production process. The negative influence of the product complexity on most performance indicators is a phenomenon existing in all industries, which is a warning to manufacturers expanding the product line. The criteria for measuring the complexity of products were identified. A methodological approach is presented that allows the use of integrated complexity assessment technologies including the use of analysis tools from other scientific fields. It has been inferred that further investigating the solutions of the problem is reliable on the basis of different approaches.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129543364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring network effects in valuation of intellectual capital","authors":"Yuliya Yur'evna Savchenko","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-90-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-90-99","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalization processes have had a significant impact on the intellectual capital of business entities and its functioning processes. Digital interaction management in the process of value creation has led to a significant increase in synergies. Comparative analysis showed that the understanding of the terms “network effect” and “synergistic effect” is limited to the framework of interaction within integration entities or platform networks. Studying the synergistic effects, as a rule, is limited to studying the processes and effectiveness of interaction within integration structures. Synergy in the internal environment of business entities remains outside the scope of most scientific works. The action of synergistic effects is manifested at three levels: synergy of the components of intellectual capital; interaction between intellectual capital and tangible assets; relations with stakeholders. The issues of the influence of synergistic effects on the cost of intellectual capital require a system of indicators that allow assessing the degree of their severity. The proposed three-level model for assessing the severity of synergistic effects (3L model) includes indicators for the analysis at each level. To assess the synergy between the components of intellectual capital, it is advisable to use the following indicators: the speed of dissemination of information flows and the average rate of changes in the states of the components of intellectual capital. The second level of synergetic effects - between intellectual capital and tangible assets - is assessed through the intellectualization of productive forces; speed of response to changes; optimization of production processes. The synergistic effects formed in interactions with different groups of stakeholders can be measured through the number of new participants, number of indicators of business processes improved as a result of interaction, amount of attracted investments. Analysis of indicators for each of the three identified levels will allow evaluating the cumulative synergistic effect. Calculating the coefficient of the impact of synergistic effects on the creation of added value can be applied in the practice of assessing the value of intellectual capital.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130118687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of reproduction of social product in terms of sanctions","authors":"L. I. Sergeev, D. L. Sergeev","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-80-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-80-89","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of the sanctions policy of the unfriendly states on the national economic and regional reproduction processes in Russia has been analyzed and the consequences have been summed up. A new concept is introduced – national and regional reproduction under sanctions. It has been found that the certain objective economic laws in the development under sanctions imposed to a certain extent lose their influence on the reproduction of the gross social product (GSP). The changes in the processes of reproduction, distribution, exchange and consumption of national and regional products under sanctions are analyzed. The scheme of withdrawal of added value abroad in the case of sale of labor items is considered. Anti-sanctions measures are proposed at all phases of the GSP reproduction: production, distribution, exchange and consumption. It is emphasized that the sanctions social reproduction as a specific form of socio-economic development should be an independent object of research of regional economic science. There have been revealed the consequences of transformational reproductive processes of creating and using a public product under sanctions. It has been stated that the globalization processes that have recently taken place in the Russian economy have also affected the exclave territory (the Kaliningrad region). Dynamics of the volume of imports and exports in the international trade of the Kaliningrad region for 2014-2021 is illustrated. A scheme of the reproduction of GSP in the country as well as transferring the GSP reproduction abroad are shown. Conclusions are drawn about the need for further studying the sanctions reproduction as a specific form of socio-economic development.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116499753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On reliability in selection of outsourcing company in market of transport and logistics services","authors":"Anna Sergeevna Evdokimova, O. V. Kuchina","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-130-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-4-130-136","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the reliability criteria when choosing a supplier of transport and logistics services. There has been conducted analysis of modern scientific literature by Russian and foreign authors, studied the statistical reports of transport and logistics companies. Two main problems in the activities of transport and logistics service providers are highlighted: the impact of transport and logistics outsourcing on vulnerability of the supply chain and the achievement of acceptable financial performance. It has been inferred that choosing the transport and logistics services supplier is a complex multi-criteria task including the use of both quantitative and qualitative criteria for decision-making. At the same time, when using different methods, the conclusions may contradict each other. Choosing the right third party logistics (3PL) provider logistics managers may not be sure that their choice will meet the needs of the company. Therefore, the decision to use a third-party logistics service provider depends on many factors that may vary from company to company, with the final choice depending on future goals, product lines, company plans, expansion, etc. Factors indicating success in choosing an outsourcing company include: cost reduction, maximum on-time delivery, minimum order lead time, increase in the number of alternative solutions, increase the efficiency of logistics activities, reduce logistics management costs, improve customer relationships and create mutually beneficial relationships in the supply chain. The criteria for selecting third-party transport and logistics companies are given (in descending order): price, reliability, location, timeliness of the order, cost reduction, management flexibility and innovation, quality of management, quality of service, personalized service, reputation of the supplier, technical competence, good communication, variety of services available.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127685363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of theories of learning and education in academic environment","authors":"K. Kharchilava, Yuliya M. Gruzina","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2022-3-15-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-3-15-22","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents analysis of the development of approaches to studying the models of learning and education in academic environment in a chronological order. The conceptual principles of the basic directions for the development of theoretical specifics of training and education in different age groups at different levels of education are considered. There is assessed an extensive typology of theories of education and upbringing, whose spectrum of fundamental directions includes behaviorism, cognitivism and experimentalism. Special attention is paid to the specific features and differences relevant to the social learning models. A relatively new theory of constructivism is considered, which emphasizes the complex nature of learning and cognitive mechanisms that a person uses to critically comprehend past knowledge. Due to studying the trends of scientific thought of different years, as well as the key approaches to organizing the educational process in the different educational institutions and the assessment of the academic involvement of subjects of education and upbringing, ineffective conventions in learning were identified, the list of which is accompanied by a graphical interpretation of the schematic connections of incentives for learning and motives for involvement in the educational processes. There have been analyzed theories that help to reveal the nature of education implemented within the framework of various approaches of formal and non-formal education. Conclusions are drawn about the possibilities of the influence of theories of education on the relationship of parents and children, on the processes of education and upbringing from various positions.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127499863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}