Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics最新文献

{"title":"Features of clusters designing as large organizational and economic systems","authors":"P. G. Gribov","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-26-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-26-34","url":null,"abstract":"The need for accelerated reindustrialization of industry highlights the task of modernization based on modern principles of the procedure for designing new enterprises, holdings, clusters and other complex economic structures, united by a category of large organizational and economic systems. The problem is that if the development of a promising image of an industrial enterprise is carried out using an established technology (analysis of the initial data – development strategy development – building a business model – development of projects of production and social subsystems, as well as management subsystems – preparation of a business plan), then the procedure for designing an industrial cluster is not yet clearly regulated. Only the requirements for industrial clusters applying for state support for their development have been identified. The absence of such regulations leads to a situation in which some of the already created industrial clusters cease to exist due to miscalculations made during their formation and the organization of the initial stage of operation. The features of organizational design of industrial clusters – a promising form of regional concentration of production are consiered. The article discloses the features of industrial clusters and their differences from industrial enterprises from the point of view of design, and also proposes a procedure for performing this work, which includes an original set of actions that ensures the achievement of the goals of the participants in this association. Its specificity is associated with the cooperation of legally independent economic entities from various spheres of the economy, interested in obtaining an additional effect from the coordination of their activities in the region, on the terms of informal unification without losing the freedom to choose their areas of activity, but within the framework of coordinating the joint achievement of common goals.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140212829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the resource approach to the organization strategic management in the context of interorganizational interaction","authors":"G.M. Lokhonova","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-35-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-35-42","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of integration approaches in business, including international, there is a need for a reasonable choice of approach to strategic management of an organization in the context of inter-organizational interaction, analysis of their role in ensuring and increasing the competitiveness of its participants. The relevance of the study of the role and significance of the resource approach is determined by the fact that, firstly, the current conditions for the intensification of crisis phenomena in the economy generate the need to develop partnerships between economic entities, as well as the use of various models of their business cooperation; secondly, the limited availability of resources necessary for normal functioning activates and directs the search for opportunities to obtain complementary resources and achieve balance of business interests of several organizations in the distribution of rights and responsibilities of joint activities. The complexity of applying a resource approach to the strategic management of an organization in the context of using the potential of inter-firm partnership is due not only to the possibility of obtaining unique complementary resources, but also to the need to apply (form, transform, develop) relevant professional competencies that represent a key organizational value. The role and features of the resource approach to strategic management of the organization in the conditions of interorganizational interaction are determined. To determine its advantages and disadvantages, the reasons for choosing and rejecting it, the factors and principles of successful application allowed general scientific (methods of theoretical cognition and empirical research, general logical research techniques) and special methods, as well as methods of systemic, dialectical and dialogical approaches. The study of the strategic potential of the organization – the totality of the available resources and capabilities of the organization (as sources of competitive advantages) – for the development and implementation of the strategy through the prism of inter-organizational partnership with the help of the methods outlined above solves one of the central problems of management, contributes to the substantiation of the significance of the analysis of the role of the resource approach and the development of the resource portfolio.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140217715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The national health care system financing in the context of medical care developing trends and socio-economic realities","authors":"N. Klunko, T. Regent, Larisa Vladimirovna Egorova","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-117-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-117-128","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of the functioning of the health care system consists in achieving high indicators of the quality of life of the population, which is achieved through the use of various regulatory and self-regulation tools in the health care system, which are always based on the need for financial support, which is the cornerstone of solving problems related to the need to increase the effectiveness of the health protection system. The financing of the healthcare system is considered from the point of view of its compliance with modern socio-economic realities. The optimal model of financing the domestic healthcare system is being investigated in terms of the relationship between the life expectancy of the population, the amount of financing for the health protection system, the number of medical institutions and the availability of medical personnel. The priority directions of the development of the national health financing system are substantiated. It is concluded that the national model for financing the health protection system should be a model based on the allocation of funds from the federal budget, which are directed to ensuring the financing of programs for the development of the national health system, as well as based on the creation of institutional, legislative and mental conditions for attracting public funds to the insurance industry medicine. It is confirmed that there is a close relationship between the effective indicator of life expectancy and public spending on health, which corresponds to WHO statistics. Other factors do not have such a strong impact on the national health system. It is recommended to further develop the healthcare financing system based on foreign experience, on the development of insurance and paid medicine.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140220501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The current state of domestic digital ecosystems as an element of the online consumer market","authors":"M. Shendo, E. V. Sviridova, Maksim Valentinovich Lipaev, Alexander Pavlovich Volodin","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-43-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-43-51","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystems in Russia are at the stage of development, but already today they set the direction for various segments of the consumer markets they serve. Such enterprises need to take into account not only market competition, but also constantly invest in digital technologies, innovations, monitor trends in consumer sentiment and ensure the security of their customers' data. The scenario for the development of domestic ecosystems is ambiguous, since they affect many industry markets that are not interconnected, and also compete with government digital platforms. The essence and significance of digital ecosystems and digital platforms are investigated, their distinctive features are given, the current situation in the ecosystem subscription market is considered, and the main consumer segments served by subscriptions are identified. The leaders of domestic enterprises functioning as ecosystems, their purpose and market shares are presented, as well as the monetary prospect of the development of the considered segment of the online trading market in the coming years is estimated. Ecosystem activity in Russia is still poorly regulated, which poses risks to the development of competition in consumer markets and to the sustainability of ecosystems. The features of the following areas are considered: data processing, competition, public administration and consumer protection; The risks in these areas are described, as well as the key tasks on the part of the state that it faces in terms of reducing the identified risks.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140213755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical aspects of the study of the relationship between the level of information development and communication technologies and the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation regions","authors":"O. Butorina, Lidia Aleksandrovna Burdina","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-17-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-17-25","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the development of the country's economy as a whole and individual regions is considered, the importance of the ICT sector in the economic, social, and social processes of the country and its regions is noted. The necessity of identifying the relationship between the uneven development of the ICT sector and the socio-economic development of the regions is substantiated. A study of domestic and foreign works devoted to the relationship between the level of ICT development and socio-economic systems has been conducted. The author's interpretation of the concept of the “digital divide” is presented, the reason for its formation and strengthening, the concretization of the opportunities and threats it creates for the subsequent spatial development of Russia is revealed. By systematizing the characteristics of narrow and broad approaches to the definition of the digital divide, their advantages and disadvantages were highlighted, and the expediency of developing a new methodology for assessing digital inequality was proved. The essence of the narrow approach is manifested in the uneven access to ICT services, which is based on the uneven development of ICT infrastructure. The broad approach is based on the study of the level, causes and consequences of digital gaps between countries, regions, and territories. It is noted that the boundaries between the presented approaches are leveled as a reaction to the challenges of modernity, forming a new integral approach accumulating theoretical and methodological developments of previous periods. Improving management efficiency at the present stage is largely due to leveling the influence of factors exacerbating the digital divide, identifying and comprehensively studying emerging opportunities/threats for the development of specific territories.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of barriers of the Russian electric power industry development: background, current state and prospects","authors":"Alexander Evgenevich Borodin","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-74-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-74-81","url":null,"abstract":"The author's view of the history of the Russian electric power industry is presented, based on facts confirmed in official sources, an analysis of the problems of the development of the electric power industry in the period from the beginning of the XX century to the present. Based on the latest data, an analysis of the dynamics of the Russian electric power industry from 2018 to the present has been carried out, and the main trends in the market under consideration have been identified. The prospects for the development of the industry are considered, taking into account the Federal legislation of the Russian Federation and state plans. Special attention is paid to the impact of the tense geopolitical situation on the Russian electricity market in 2022-2023. The main problems faced by market participants, as well as the actions of the government and companies in response to the changes, are analyzed. Various methods of electricity production are considered and a comparative analysis of different types of power plants is carried out, which includes a description of their positive and negative sides. It is noted that despite the high rates of development from the moment of formation to the present, barriers and challenges have always arisen, which resulted in reforms to change and modernize the approaches of the state to the development of the Russian electric power industry. Today, the electric power industry of the Russian Federation demonstrates stability, however, the potential of its development tools has not been exhausted and requires constant monitoring and updating. Options for measures to improve the efficiency of the industry are proposed. It is concluded that the various proposed measures will help set a new positive vector for the development of the electric power industry in Russia.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140212196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The main directions for providing integrated support for the personnel policy in the Nizhny Novgorod region","authors":"Irina Borisovna Guseva","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-58-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-58-64","url":null,"abstract":"The topical issue of increasing labor productivity, outlined in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation V. V. Putin “On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024” (No. 204 dated 07/05/2018), is defined as the most important priority of socio-economic development of Russia. The Government of the Nizhny Novgorod region in the developed and approved program “Improving labor productivity and employment support” for the Nizhny Novgorod region for 2018-2025 (Resolution No. 904 of 14/12/2017) aims to increase labor productivity by 2025 to 30%, in connection with which measures have been prepared aimed at increasing the number of high-performance jobs at enterprises in the processing industries of the Nizhny Novgorod region. A detailed analysis of the effectiveness of the above-mentioned program approved by the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod region is being carried out. Its shortcomings are listed, which significantly narrows the circle of potential participants in this legislative document. Emphasis is placed on the development of a package of measures aimed at comprehensive support in the field of personnel policy in the Nizhny Novgorod region: for large businesses, this is the retraining of personnel who were released as a result of productivity improvement programs; for medium and small businesses based on educational institutions of the Nizhny Novgorod region, these are retraining courses for the most in demand professions today; for medium and small businesses, this is the development of a program to support small and medium-sized businesses at the expense of funds allocated by the state, as well as funds from target funds; in order to expand the interaction of large, medium sized and small business is the development of the federal program “Cooperation”.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140211344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quality of customer service as a criterion for competitiveness improvement of transport companies in the delivery of goods","authors":"A. Rayushkina, Anastasiya Sergeevna Gorbach, S.A. Shiryaev, Danil Vladimirovich Kubrakov, Eduard Sergeevich Rayushkin","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-82-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-82-90","url":null,"abstract":"Modern conditions in the service market orient the country's transport companies to the availability and quality of transport and logistics services in the field of freight traffic, the conditions for creating their quality while reducing the level of transport costs. Many companies appear in the road transport industry offering a different set of services related to the delivery of goods, such as information, commercial, technological, service, etc. However, despite the presence of a significant number of such companies in the transport services market, most of the customers are not satisfied with the quality of their provision, since along with the growth of competition, the requirements imposed by consumers on the quality of such services also increase. To meet these requirements, it is necessary to study the needs of consumers, determine the capabilities of competitors, establish and implement a marketing strategy. In order for the consumer to be guided in the market of motor transport services in the work on choosing an algorithm for choosing a transport company, which was based on ranking the identified indicators of the quality of transport services, measuring them for consumers and calculating the rating of transport companies, evaluating the delivery of goods. This technique helps the consumer to make a choice, giving preference to a company with the highest integral rating of transport services, therefore, the highest level of quality of services provided. To increase the number of customers and increase revenues, transport companies need to improve the quality of transport services through an individual approach to each client and his requests. The competitive advantage will be the one that can respond flexibly to changing customer requirements for transportation services and at the same time provide better quality services.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140219308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The state of the economic security financial component of Primorsky Krai fishery complex","authors":"Svetlana Gennad'evna Volodina","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-109-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-109-116","url":null,"abstract":"Unstable economic conditions in which the fishery complex operates intensify the impact of external and internal threats. External threats are sanctions pressure from European states, mainly related to re-strictions on the supply of fish products and equipment imports. Internal threats include high costs for the implementation of production activities, the unsatisfactory condition of fixed capital and the low rate of its renewal, unstable fishing conditions, etc. Negative trends that have formed over the past decades continue to adversely affect activities. Since the fish industry is a very significant industry, the lack of control over the state of its economic security can threaten the full food security of the population, as well as the functioning of many industries whose business is related to fish raw materials. The most significant indicators of the economic security of the fishery complex of Primorsky Krai are analyzed: the ratio of growth rates of net profit, revenue and asset value, the economic growth sustainability coefficient, indicators of the efficiency of the use of production resources, financial stability and solvency. Using analytical procedures, a quantitative assessment of the influence of factors on indicators with negative dynamics is given. An unstable change and a low level of the economic growth sustainability coefficient were revealed. The reason for this was the profitability of sales of fish products, insufficiently intensive turnover of own working capital, unsatisfactory solvency of organizations. Current assets are not enough to pay off debts, there is a high dependence on earthly sources of financing. Meanwhile, there is an improvement in the efficiency of the use of fixed capital, labor resources, which has developed under the influence of growth in revenue and profit; the profitability of products is increasing, the profitability of assets is low.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140212693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of the food supply system evolution","authors":"Qian Xinyi, Y. Salikov","doi":"10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-7-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2024-1-7-16","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective study of the evolutionary transformation of the concept of food security in the context of Russian reality has been conducted. Currently, food security, as an integral part of national security, has become the cornerstone for maintaining economic stability and political autonomy in the country. With increasing geopolitical volatility and private food crises, this topic is becoming increasingly relevant, and maintaining national food security has taken a leading position among the priorities for each State. At the same time, the analysis of scientific research on this topical issue proves that the formation of national food security depends on its regional food security, therefore it is also especially important to study and improve regional food supply systems. It is determined that food security is an active integration process of interaction between internal and external factors, such as agricultural production, grain stocks, import and export of grain, international food aid, etc. It is noted that the modern food supply system must be considered as a complex system of macroeconomic organization that ensures a balance between food and the demand of the population. The analysis of the elements and characteristics of this system makes it possible to identify the most important problems of its functioning and development, the solution of which contributes to improving the efficiency of work and, as a result, to guarantee the necessary and sufficient level of national food security in conditions of high variability of the surrounding environment. At the same time, the national food security system is closely interrelated with the level of regional food management systems, and the modern concept of food security implies the need to ensure constant access to physical and economic nutrition for every citizen.","PeriodicalId":448422,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics","volume":" 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140220651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}