Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health最新文献_第2页

International Sanitary Conferences from the Ottoman perspective (1851–1938) 奥斯曼视角下的国际卫生会议(1851-1938)

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2011-01-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1110153

N. Ersoy, Y. Gungor, A. Akpınar

{"title":"International Sanitary Conferences from the Ottoman perspective (1851–1938)","authors":"N. Ersoy, Y. Gungor, A. Akpınar","doi":"10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1110153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1110153","url":null,"abstract":"The backdrop to the epidemics of the nineteenth century was the Industrial Revolution with the rapid increase of the urban population, unsanitary settlements in the vicinity of factories, long working hours and deterioration of living conditions for workers, malnutrition and the failure of nation-states to meet these challenges. The acceleration of transport due to the invention of steamships (1810) and the railway (1830) and the extension of international trade and pilgrimage via the Suez Channel (1869), as well as huge waves of migration from Europe to America led to the outbreak of the contagious diseases. Plague followed by other contagious diseases like cholera, typhus and tuberculosis were also exposed to Ottoman Land from the beginning of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth. In the first part of this era initiating the quarantine measures in Ottoman World was highly grueling because of protestations by the ulema (religious clergy) to whom diseases were the scourge of God on his unruly subjects. However with the pressure of the European powers, both quarantines and the other necessities enforced by them had been adminis-","PeriodicalId":448368,"journal":{"name":"Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133832737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

The Concerns Underlying Sex Education for Young People in France During the First Half of the 20th Century: Morality, demography and public health 20世纪上半叶法国年轻人性教育的基本问题:道德、人口和公共卫生

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2011-01-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1110133

Virginie de Luca Barrusse

{"title":"The Concerns Underlying Sex Education for Young People in France During the First Half of the 20th Century: Morality, demography and public health","authors":"Virginie de Luca Barrusse","doi":"10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1110133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1110133","url":null,"abstract":"n France during the first half of the 20 th century, the issue of sex education for young people of both sexes was the focus of debate among actors in various fields. Their aims converged, however, in the guiding principles they proposed for action to regulate sexual behaviour. In this essay, we would like to demonstrate that sex education, as it was proposed and introduced, was based on a set of proposals or choices reflecting an overall representation of the demographic stakes involved and a framework for their interpretation. Fuelled by fear of the “venereal peril” as well as degeneration and depopulation, sex education consisted of a set of prescriptions and recommendations to help young men gauge the consequences of sexual intercourse for themselves, their families and society. It sought to instil a sense of responsibility by preparing them for a family model that would ensure reproduction of the population in the desired quantity and quality. The representation of these demographic concerns and the framework for interpreting them determined the guidelines for sex education: they set limits on what was desirable and undesirable in the area of sex education as well as its objectives. Other concerns have already been brought out, not only in the case of France but more broadly in Europe and the United States or Canada : morality, in particular, imposed or ruled out some of the prescriptions 1 . By focusing our attention on these underlying concerns, we will","PeriodicalId":448368,"journal":{"name":"Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133529383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Obituary: Juan Antonio Paniagua (1920-2010), Medical Historian 讣告:胡安·安东尼奥·帕尼亚瓜(1920-2010)，医学历史学家

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2011-01-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1110181

P. Gil-Sotres

引用次数: 0

Juvenile Delinquency in Romania: The Indirect Result of the Transition Process 罗马尼亚青少年犯罪:过渡过程的间接结果

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2010-11-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1091311

A. Fabian

引用次数: 2

From Warfare to Welfare: Postwar Homelessness, Dislocation, and the Birth of the Welfare State in Europe: The Case of Berlin 1945–1949 从战争到福利:战后无家可归、流离失所和福利国家在欧洲的诞生:以柏林1945-1949为例

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2010-11-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1091279

Clara M. Oberle

{"title":"From Warfare to Welfare: Postwar Homelessness, Dislocation, and the Birth of the Welfare State in Europe: The Case of Berlin 1945–1949","authors":"Clara M. Oberle","doi":"10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1091279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1091279","url":null,"abstract":"n past years, with state funding for public health and welfare undergoing much scrutiny, historians and public health policy makers alike have proposed to study the origins of what for years could be characterized as a European welfare consensus. Was there indeed any such conversion of approaches? And if so, what caused it? Among others, the Phoenix network, a coalition of scholars studying health care and medical policies over the course of Europe’s history and in its present, called for an investigation of moments in European history when thinking on public health and welfare policies converged. This paper proposes that indeed there was a period in European history which generated something of a postwar convergence of approaches. The postwar period witnessed a remarkable consensus about the importance of public planning, spending, and state involvement in the health and welfare sector. By examining the case of Berlin as one immediate postwar city and situating it in the larger European context of the time, one can point to common motivations and actors involved. The root of this consensus was not any optimistic humanitarian ideology, nor even primarily a concern for public health or the spread of epidemics. Rather, it grew out of a shared setting, marked by physical destruction and political instability. As a result, profound concerns about governability and the legitimacy of any state came to the forefront. In the case of Berlin, this was aggravated furthermore by a fear of the return of National Socialism. I","PeriodicalId":448368,"journal":{"name":"Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133878772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patterns of Hospitality: Aspects of Institutionalisation in 15th & 16th Centuries Nuremberg Healthcare 好客的模式:15和16世纪纽伦堡医疗机构的各个方面

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2010-11-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.109113

Fritz Dross

引用次数: 1

Cholera in the Portuguese Region of Alto Minho in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century: Epidemic Outbreaks, Treatment and Behaviours 19世纪下半叶葡萄牙上米尼奥地区的霍乱:流行病爆发、治疗和行为

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2010-11-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1091183

M. Araújo, A. Esteves

引用次数: 0

Barbers, Doctors and Healers: Community Welfare and the Health System in the North-West of Spain – The Province of Leon – During the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries 理发师，医生和治疗师:社区福利和卫生系统在西班牙西北部-莱昂省-在17和18世纪

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2010-11-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.109179

Laureano M. Rubio Pérez

引用次数: 0

Disease and Health Care in the North-West of Spain in the Early Modern Period. The Bierzo region 近代早期西班牙西北部的疾病与保健。比耶索地区

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2010-11-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.109153

M. Álvarez

引用次数: 1

Nutritional Status in Elderly People Living in Retirement Homes in the Czech Republic 捷克共和国养老院老年人的营养状况

Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health Pub Date : 2010-11-24 DOI: 10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1091375

J. Rambousková, E. Krizova, P. Dlouhý, J. Potočková, M. Andel

{"title":"Nutritional Status in Elderly People Living in Retirement Homes in the Czech Republic","authors":"J. Rambousková, E. Krizova, P. Dlouhý, J. Potočková, M. Andel","doi":"10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1091375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3384/HYGIEA.1403-8668.1091375","url":null,"abstract":"he population of the Czech Republic (CR) is approximately 10 million inhabitants. It presents 2.3% of the extended EU population. In the Czech Republic the older population percentage is rapidly increasing due to the increase in life expectancy (M 73 yrs, F 79 yrs) and an extremely low birth rate, which has existed since the 1990 s (fertility rate increased slightly from minimum 1.13 in 1999 to 1.44 in 2006). In 2007, 15% of inhabitants were aged 65+ (more than 1.5 mil.), by 2030 the 65+ population is expected to reach 22.8%, and by 2050, it is expected to be 31.3%. The proportion of persons in the highest age group (85+) is growing the most rapidly and increases in life expectancy, in both sexes, is expected to continue, with estimated life expectancies of 84 years in males and 88 years in females by 2065. The relative share of seniors will unevenly increase in coming decades due to natural ageing of the early 1970 s “population boom,” which was a direct consequence of pro-birth measures linked to social policies of political “normalization”. The age structure in the CR, measured by the age preference index, is currently on par with the EU average, however, if present trends persist, the population of the CR will gradually become one of the oldest in Europe. Health insurance of pensioners, in the CR, is financed from the state budget. Traditionally, provision for health and social care was concentrated in modern institutions (hospitals, elderly homes, residential nursing homes, etc.). It is only recently that small steps, involving new trends of extramural care (e.g. home care) have been taken and political support for independent living and family care has only recently, been declared. Nonetheless, rising financial stress on the health care budget and persistent mental and organizational stereotypes and traditions T","PeriodicalId":448368,"journal":{"name":"Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for The History of Public Health","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116212531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2