Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research最新文献

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Modified Early Obstetric Warning System Training on Midwives' Knowledge and Interpersonal Skills for Early Detection of Maternal Complications in Indonesia.","authors":"Esti Nugraheny, Yunefit Ulfa, Nur Allailiyah, Christina P Kismoyo, Nining Sulistyawati, Margiyati Margiyati, Tri Ariani, Istri Bartini, Bunga Astria Paramashanti, Yuni Purwatiningsih, Sinta Dewi Lestyoningrum","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_67_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_67_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is still high. Efforts are needed to increase the capacity of midwives. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Modified Early Obstetric Warning System (MEOWS) training on midwives' knowledge and interpersonal skills, while also assessing the feasibility of employing MEOWS training, as perceived by participants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We used a mixed-methods study. The study was carried out from November to December 2022 in Indonesia. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select 60 midwives for the quantitative study and 20 midwives for the qualitative study, equally divided between the blended and online groups. The intervention consisted of 82 sessions that were equal for both groups, with each session lasting 45 minutes. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaires and Likert scales, while qualitative data were gathered through focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using <i>t</i>-tests, while thematic content analysis was employed for the qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements in midwives' knowledge were seen in both groups. The mean (SD) knowledge was 97.10 (5.80) in the intervention group and 94.00 (8.80) in the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.12). Midwives reported greater engagement with blended training, perceiving it as feasible and valuable, and expressing eagerness for its implementation to enhance early detection of maternal complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While both blended and online training effectively enhanced knowledge and self-efficacy in the early detection of maternal complications, participants found blended training to be more practical. Continuous evaluation is necessary for the retention of knowledge over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual and Reproductive Health Instrument for Temporary Marriage Wives: Development and Psychometric Properties.","authors":"Farzaneh Valizadeh, Haniyeh Abbassinia, Zahra Motaghi, Reza Chaman","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_165_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_165_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was conducted with the aim to identify their reproductive health needs, and design the sexual and reproductive health needs questionnaire for Temporary Marriage (TM) wives and assess its psychometric properties.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs Questionnaire for Iranian TM wives in Persian. The initial items of the questionnaire were extracted based on a qualitative study. Then the face, content, and construct validity, and reliability of the questionnaire were assessed in a cross-sectional study. To evaluate the content construct validity, and reliability of the questionnaire, Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA ), Cronbach's alpha coefficients, and intraclass correlation coefficient were used, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial instrument contained 44 items and was prepared based on the results. CVI and CVR for all items were, respectively, higher than 0.79 and 64%, except one item that was eliminated. In face and content validity assessment was provided the instrument with 43 items. To evaluate construct validity, EFA was performed and eight hidden factors were extracted, which explained 64.895% of the total variance of the variables. Furthermore, to examine model fitness in CFA, goodness-of-fit indices were used in SmartPLS software. The results showed a good model fit. The convergent and divergent validity, and the reliability of the scale ranged from strong to excellent s above 0.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that the Sexual and Reproductive Health Instrument with 43 items for Iranian temporary marriage wives was a valid and reliable measure.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing and Psychometrics of Teacher-Student Relationship Questionnaire in Health Sciences: An Exploratory Mixed Study.","authors":"Saeed Hamidizadeh, Ladan Zarshenas, Abbas Ebadi, Camellia Torabizadeh, Sedigheh Ebrahimi","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_226_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_226_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The teacher-student relationship is the basis of education. Assessment of this relationship requires the use of a valid instrument. This study was conducted to design psychometrics features of Teacher-Student Relationship Questionnaire in Health Sciences (TSRQ-HS).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This exploratory study was carried out in two distinct phases. In the initial stage (qualitative phase), we established the framework for the teacher-student relationship by using 22 individual interviews with teachers and students. This was achieved through conventional content analysis. Subsequently, the quantitative phase, as the second stage, focused on evaluating the psychometric attributes of the questionnaire. This encompassed an assessment of face, content, and construct validity, as well as internal consistency and homogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial pool of items included a total of 121 entries, while the final scale was refined to encompass 31 items. The S-CVI/Ave, which is the average content validity index for the questionnaire, was determined to be 0.93; it was observed that item factor loadings through exploratory factor analysis ranged from 0.22 to 0.94 (x² ₄₆₅ = 9568.15, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Subsequently, five items were excluded, and the three dimensions established in the primary questionnaire were confirmed. The comprehensive intraclass correlation coefficient of the instrument was 0.97. The reliability of the instrument was evaluated regarding internal homogeneity, revealing a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.96 for the entire instrument.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicated that the newly developed questionnaire designed to evaluate the teacher-student relationship had a satisfactory level of reliability and validity. Educational administrators are recommended to utilize this instrument.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Opportunities of Internship Method in Technologist Surgery Undergraduate Interns: A Qualitative Content Analysis Study.","authors":"Marzieh Beigom Bigdeli Shamloo, Neda Rashidi, Leila Kalani, Darioush Rokhafrooz","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_150_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_150_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the clinical environment, clinical education is one of the components of nursing education that transforms a student from a novice to a competent student. This professional transition can be taught in a variety of methods. One of these ways is training students through internships. The purpose of this study is to examine the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) of internships for undergraduate surgical technology students.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this qualitative content analysis based on SWOT theory, ten faculty trainers, non-faculty trainers, operating room supervisors, and undergraduate intern students in the operating room field were selected based on the entry criteria. Then, based on the mentioned theory, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the participants, the questions were asked, and after extracting the codes, classification was performed based on the SWOT theory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the findings, four subcategories of strengths, weaknesses, problems, and opportunities were identified in the management and implementation domain. The most often used code for its qualities was enhancing the student's communication with the surgical team and lowering his nervousness. The most repeated code in its weak points were using the student as a tool and staying away from working scientifically.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the results of the present study, an internship in the operating room can solve the problem of lack of human resources to a large extent, however, it can lead to the improvement of the professional skills of students during the internship period, provided that the work of students, and staff is based on scientific principles.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collegiality in Nursing: A Concept Analysis.","authors":"Mehrangiz Ghabimi, Ahmad Nasiri","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_276_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_276_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Collegiality in nursing is crucial for fostering a positive work environment, promoting teamwork, and improving patient care outcomes. The aim of this study was to clarify the concept of collegiality in the nursing profession using the concept analysis method developed by Walker and Avant. We intended to generate knowledge that enhances the understanding of collegiality and its application in nursing research and clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The concept analysis of collegiality in nursing was guided by the eight stages of the Walker and Avant approach. A comprehensive review of the literature on Collegiality in nursing was conducted using the electronic databases Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed without a time limit until 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through the analysis conducted, collegiality in nursing is identified as a collaborative process, whether within the nursing profession or across different healthcare disciplines. It involves nurses working together as a team to address patient care or healthcare system issues. This entails respectful sharing of knowledge and resources among team members.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collegiality in nursing is vital for creating a supportive work environment, where nurses can freely seek assistance and guidance for their colleagues. This can lead to better decision-making and ultimately improves patient care outcomes. It also promotes teamwork and collaboration, which are essential for providing high-quality care. Additionally, collegiality plays a role in reducing workplace stress and burnout, benefiting both nurses and patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"38-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Meta-Analysis Examining the Impact of Levothyroxine Supplementation on Gestational Weight Gain in Women with Overt Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Raziyeh Mohammadi, Vajihe Imanpour, Nahid Ardian, Masoomeh Goodarzi-Khoigani","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_308_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_308_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overt Hypothyroidism (OH) is commonly treated with Levothyroxine (LT4), typically at a dose of 50 to 100 mg per day. Hypothyroidism is associated with excessive weight gain; therefore, we meta-analyzed the effect of <i>LT4</i> on Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) in women treated for OH compared to control subjects.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive review of several databases, including Medline, Science Direct, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, as well as Google Scholar. Our goal was to identify English-language Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and observational studies assessing the impact of LT4 on GWG and Body Mass Index (BMI) in pregnant women with OH, between August 4 and January 30, 2023. Additionally, we explored Persian databases such as Magiran, Islamic World Science Citation (ISC), and Scientific Information Database (SID). Because the studies reviewed included participants with Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH) as well, the meta-analysis also incorporated data from individuals with both OH and SCH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The random-effects model indicated that after LT4 therapy, the GWG was not significantly different between the treated and control groups in studies involving women with OH [mean = 0.04, 95% CI: (-0.64, 0.72), <i>p</i> = 0.908, I² = 57.13%]. Similarly, in studies comprising women with both OH and SCH, the difference in GWG was negligible [mean = -0.02, 95% CI: (-0.40, 0.35), <i>p</i> = 0.909, I² = 22.93%].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Following LT4 treatment in pregnant women diagnosed with hypothyroidism, there was no significant difference in total GWG between the treated and control counterparts.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of a Family-Centered Care Intervention Model on the Health Literacy of Family Caregivers of Heart Failure Patients.","authors":"Leila Gholami, Jaefar Moghaddasi, Hadi Raeisi, Shahram Etemadifar","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_303_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_303_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heart failure (HF) is considered a chronic and debilitating condition that, in addition to imposing heavy costs on the individual and society, creates many problems and has numerous consequences for patients and their families. Caregivers face challenges in patient control and care due to insufficient awareness and knowledge. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of the family-centered care (FCC) intervention model on health literacy in family caregivers of HF patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This quasi-experimental, two-group study with a pretest-posttest design was carried out on 100 people assigned to the experimental and control groups. The study population included caregivers of HF patients admitted to the medical teaching centers of Shahrekord, Iran, in 2022. Data were collected using the Health Literacy for Iranian Adults scale. Data analysis also carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean health literacy scores were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups before the intervention. However, the mean health literacy score and its dimensions were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group (<i>t</i> = 30.12, degrees of freedom = 98, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The FCC program, as a simple, practical, and efficient program, can reduce the challenges of family caregivers and support them more by improving their level of health literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"100-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Process of Acquiring a Professional Identity by Male Nursing Students: A Grounded Theory Study.","authors":"Farimah Shirani Bidabadi, Ali Zargham-Boroujeni, Zeinab Hemati","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_406_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_406_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Professional identity, encompassing nurses' perception of the meaning of nursing and their role as nurses, significantly influences their performance. This study aimed to elucidate the professional identity formation among Iranian male nursing students.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This qualitative research employing a grounded theory approach was conducted from October 2019 to February 2021 in the Nursing School and affiliated clinical settings of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Data collection used semi-structured interviews and observations. Purposive sampling of fourth-year nursing students was initially employed, followed by theoretical sampling. Data analysis followed the adapted version of Strauss and Corbin's 1990 model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of research data generated 700 primary codes, refined through continuous comparative analysis into 13 subcategories and further condensed into five main categories: \"underlying factors before and after entering the field,\" \"self-esteem,\" \"self-confidence,\" \"professional performance,\" and \"professional commitment.\" The core variable, \"self-esteem,\" emerged as the central concept underpinning professional identity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Acquiring professional identity in male nurses is a complex, dynamic, and multidimensional process. Self-esteem is identified as the central variable in this process, emphasizing the need for educational and clinical environments conducive to fostering professional identity.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Breastmilk Microbiome Focusing on Probiotics.","authors":"Nazila Kassaian, Shahrzad Ahangarzadeh, Bahareh Vakili, Parisa Shoaei, Abbas Alibakhshi, Soodabeh Rostami, Shahin Gavanji, Shayan Arbabnia, Elmira Mohammadi","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_353_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_353_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastmilk is an important factor affecting the infant's gut microbiota and health. Both milk microbiome and the content of oligosaccharides play a role in this effect. The mother's lifestyle can affect the breast milk microbiome. In this study, we assessed the breast milk microbiome in healthy mothers in Iran and its relationship to the mother's lifestyle during lactation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional study, from May 2022 to January 2023, 20 mother-neonates participated by donating their breastmilk samples and completing two questionnaires (food recall for nutritional status and DASS-21 for psychological status). Milk samples in aerobic and anaerobic conditions were cultured to isolate bacterial strains, and the probiotic strains were determined. Data entrees and analysis were done using SPSS-15, and the independent T-student or Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven bacterial species were isolated, including <i>Pedicoccus acidilactici, Lactobacillus fermentum</i> (potential probiotics), <i>Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Rothia kristinae, Streptococcus rubneri</i>, and <i>Streptococcus parasanguinis</i>. It was shown that the consumption of dairy products in the diet was related to probiotic strains in breast milk (<i>p</i> value = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among the microbiome isolated from breast milk, two probiotics, <i>Pedicoccus acidilactici</i> and <i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i>, were detected. In the mother's diet, dairy product intake during lactation can increase the probiotics in breast milk and give the infant more valuable content.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"133-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear and Hope, The New Perspective of Iranian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Roya Nikbakht, Katayoun Alidousti, Zahra Salajegheh","doi":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_107_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_107_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrinopathies in women of reproductive age. This condition can increase the risk of physical and mental diseases. Improvement in medicine has led to increased Quality of Life (QOL), which can change patients' perception regarding their chronic condition. Therefore, this study was carried out to understand the impact of scientific progress on the view of women with PCOS toward their disease.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This qualitative study was based on the conventional content analysis approach. It was carried out using purposive sampling on 18 women with PCOS between April 2021 and January 2022, in Kerman, Iran. Semi-structured, face-to-face, in-depth interviews were conducted. After transcribing the recorded interviews, the texts were reviewed several times. The data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. The codes, subthemes, and main themes were extracted according to the opinions of experts in qualitative sciences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As a result of the content analysis of codes, two themes (hope and fear), six main categories (infertility treatment, outward appearance, support, presence in the community, decreased relationship and intimacy with spouse, and complications of the disease and the need for complementary treatments), and 30 subcategories were obtained.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the findings, it is better to develop programs to improve the QOL and the treatment process of these patients in terms of spiritual, psychological, financial, and informational support, which can be implemented by health and medical personnel and managers of various categories of medical sciences, associations, and charities.</p>","PeriodicalId":44816,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}