Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effects of positive inspiratory and expiratory pressure on diaphragmatic mobility in asymptomatic individuals: Randomised, crossover clinical trial.","authors":"Wanessa N Ferreira, Roberto V A Costa, Laura N F C Tenório, Arthur B A Morais, Natália M S Borges, Dyego T de Lima, Celso B F Brandão, Valéria M A de Oliveira, Rafaela Pedrosa, Antonio R Zamunér, José Heriston M Lima, Danilo H Kamonseki, Eduardo Ériko T de França","doi":"10.1142/S1013702526500071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1013702526500071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The application of positive pressure (CPAP) improves pulmonary ventilation, but may negatively impact diaphragm geometry and function. Diaphragm mobility and strength are essential for lung function. Consequently, impairment of the diaphragm can reduce respiratory capacity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the effects of positive pressure on diaphragm mobility in healthy individuals during spontaneous breathing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a randomised, crossover, double-blind clinical trial involving asymptomatic individuals aged 18-50 years. Participants randomly received the following non-invasive ventilation: continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 5, 10, and 15 cmH₂O, or bi-level inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) of 10, 12, and 15 cmH₂O with Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 cmH₂O. Diaphragm mobility was assessed using ultrasound imaging during spontaneous breathing and the six levels of positive pressure. Data were analysed using a mixed linear model and Dunn-Sidak post-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 82 volunteers. Diaphragmatic mobility increased during CPAP at 15 cmH2O and in bi-level modes with inspiratory positive airway pressures (IPAPs) of 10, 12, and 15 cmH2O (with PEEP fixed at 5 cmH2O), compared to spontaneous breathing. The mean differences and confidence intervals for these comparisons were as follows: [CPAP 15 cmH2O versus spontaneous breathing (SB) ( <math><mo>+</mo></math> 3.81 mm; 95% CI: 0.95-6.67), IPAP 10 <math><mo>+</mo></math> PEEP 5 cmH2O versus SB ( <math><mo>+</mo></math> 3.44 mm; 95% CI: 0.58-6.30), IPAP 12 <math><mo>+</mo></math> PEEP 5 cmH2O versus SB ( <math><mo>+</mo></math> 3.96 mm; 95% CI: 1.10-6.82), and IPAP 15 <math><mo>+</mo></math> PEEP 5 cmH2O versus SB ( <math><mo>+</mo></math> 6.21 mm; 95% CI: 3.35-9.07)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The positive inspiratory and expiratory pressures were sufficient to increase diaphragmatic kinetics, particularly when higher positive pressures were used.</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"97-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exergame-based cognitive-motor integrated training: A novel approach to improving physical functions in older adults.","authors":"Dae-Joong Yang, Hyeong-Seok Lee","doi":"10.1142/S1013702526500010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1013702526500010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aging is associated with declines in balance, gait, and cognitive functions, increasing fall risk and diminishing quality of life. Exergame training, which integrates cognitive and motor tasks, has emerged as a promising intervention to address these issues.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of exergame-based training and conventional dual-task training on physical function in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty community-dwelling older adults aged 60-75 years were randomly assigned to an exergame group ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn></math> ) or a dual-task group (<i>n</i> = 15). Both groups completed 30 min training sessions three times per week for 12 weeks. The exergame group performed interactive cognitive-motor stepping tasks with real-time visual and auditory feedback using the Dividat Senso platform, whereas the dual-task group performed conventional physical exercises combined with simultaneous cognitive tasks. Balance (surface area, weight distribution, and limit of stability) was assessed using a Physiosensing platform; gait (cadence, velocity, and stride length) was measured with a G-Walk sensor; and cognitive function was evaluated using the Korean version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K). Paired <i>t</i>-tests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used for statistical analysis. The study protocol was approved by the Sehan University Institutional Review Board (IRB No. SH-IRB 2025-006).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant improvements across all measures ( <math><mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>05</mn></math> ). The exergame group demonstrated greater gains in surface area, limit of stability, cadence, and velocity ( <math><mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>05</mn></math> ), whereas weight distribution, stride length, and cognitive scores did not differ significantly between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 12-week exergame program yielded superior improvements in dynamic balance and gait speed compared with dual-task training, supporting its use as an effective strategy for enhancing mobility and preventing falls in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of core stability exercise training on activities of daily living, fatigue level and balance in haemodialysis patients: A randomised controlled study.","authors":"Mohammed Youssef Elhamrawy, Ahmed Fahmy, Omneya Mohamed Darrag, Ahmed M N Tolba, Mohamed T Said, Saher Lotfy Elgayar","doi":"10.1142/S1013702526500034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1013702526500034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemodialysis (HD) is the most common kidney replacement therapy for end-stage chronic kidney disease. Elderly HD patients, particularly, often struggle with low physical activity, leading to poor physical function, which makes exercise therapy a significant challenge.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the effects of a combined intradialytic core stability and breathing exercise program on activities of daily living (ADLs), fatigue, balance, and cognitive function in patients on maintenance HD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty patients on maintenance HD were randomly assigned into two equal groups. All patients underwent an intradialytic exercise program. The study group received breathing exercises followed by core stability exercises for 30-45 min, three times per week for 12 weeks, while the control group underwent only breathing exercises.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups ( <math><mi>p</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>05</mn></math> ). Post 12-week intervention, <math><mn>2</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mn>2</mn></math> mixed ANOVA revealed significant time and interaction effects across all outcomes. The study group showed greater post-intervention improvements than the control in functional independence (Δ <math><mo>+</mo> <mn>16</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>8</mn></math> vs. <math><mo>+</mo></math> 7.4; <math><mstyle><mtext>MD</mtext></mstyle> <mo>=+</mo> <mn>9</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>4</mn></math> ), fatigue (Δ <math><mo>-</mo> <mn>11</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>2</mn></math> vs. -6.4; <math><mstyle><mtext>MD</mtext></mstyle> <mo>=-</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>8</mn></math> ), balance (Δ <math><mo>-</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>8</mn></math> vs. -4.2 s; <math><mstyle><mtext>MD</mtext></mstyle> <mo>=-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>6</mn></math> ), and cognition (Δ <math><mo>+</mo></math> 6.0 vs. <math><mo>+</mo></math> 2.4; <math><mstyle><mtext>MD</mtext></mstyle> <mo>=+</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>6</mn></math> ) (all <math><mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>01</mn></math> ), demonstrating superior benefits of the combined exercise program.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrating core stability with breathing exercises produces significantly greater improvements in ADLs, fatigue, balance, and cognition than breathing alone in haemodialysis patients. This superior, multifaceted approach should be adopted into routine clinical practice to optimise patient quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"29-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the short-term effects of Mulligan and Maitland mobilisation techniques combined with home-based exercise for non-specific neck pain: A randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Ioannis Kiouloukiotis, Evangelos Stathis, Paris Iakovidis, Konstantinos Kasimis, Vasileios Georgoulas, Ioanna P Chatziprodromidou, Thomas Apostolou, Dimitrios Lytras","doi":"10.1142/S1013702526500058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1013702526500058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-Specific Neck Pain (NSNP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Manual therapy techniques, including Mulligan and Maitland mobilisations, are widely used for pain management and functional improvement in NSNP. However, their comparative effectiveness remains insufficiently investigated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the short-term effectiveness of Mulligan and Maitland mobilisation techniques when combined with a home-based Therapeutic Exercise (TE) program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 43 adults with NSNP were randomly assigned to three groups: Mulligan <math><mo>+</mo></math> TE ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>14</mn></math> ), Maitland <math><mo>+</mo></math> TE ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>14</mn></math> ), and a control group receiving TE alone ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn></math> ). The TE program was performed daily at home for two weeks, while manual therapy interventions were administered twice per week for a total of four sessions. Pain intensity, functional ability, pain pressure threshold, Range of Motion (ROM), pain catastrophising, and kinesiophobia were assessed before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three groups demonstrated significant improvements in all outcome measures by the second week. However, no statistically significant differences were found between groups ( <math><mi>p</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>05</mn></math> ). These findings reflect short-term outcomes only and should be interpreted with caution given the limited two-week intervention period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neither mobilisation technique demonstrated superiority over the other. The combination of Mulligan or Maitland mobilisation with TE did not provide greater benefits than TE alone. The short intervention duration and absence of long-term follow-up represent key study limitations. Further high-quality randomised controlled trials are needed to establish more definitive conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"67-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiotherapy informed by acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic low back pain: A randomized trial.","authors":"Marketa Nevelikova, Filip Zlamal, Filip Dosbaba, Jing Jing Su, Ladislav Batalik","doi":"10.1142/S1013702526500022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1013702526500022","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a highly prevalent condition and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Given its complex etiology, there is growing interest in applying the biopsychosocial model to CLBP management in order to address psychological barriers - such as low motivation - that influence pain perception, exercise adherence, and overall treatment outcomes. Physiotherapy-informed Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (PACT) - a third-wave cognitive-behavioral approach - has shown promise in chronic pain management by promoting psychological flexibility and values-based action.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary objective of this study is to evaluate patients' exercise motivation of PACT versus usual physiotherapy care (UC). Secondary objectives are to assess and compare the efficacy of PACT versus UC on functioning and disability, adherence to exercise, acceptance of pain and autonomy support from physiotherapists. Both interventions incorporated dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS)-based graded exercise as a core physiotherapy approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Fifty patients with CLBP participated in this study. All participants completed paper-and-pencil self-reported questionnaires to assess relevant outcome measures. Data were collected at two time points: baseline (prior to the first therapy session) and at week 6, immediately following the completion of the intervention period (post-intervention). Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The PACT group received ACT-based physiotherapy combined with DNS-based graded exercise. The usual care (UC) group received individualized graded therapeutic exercise based on the DNS concept, complemented by manual therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The PACT group showed significantly higher levels of exercise motivation compared to the UC group, with greater scores in introjected motivation (baseline: &lt;math&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;15&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;56&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; versus &lt;math&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;19&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;38&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; , &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;029&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; , &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;31&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; ; post-intervention: &lt;math&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;49&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;05&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; versus &lt;math&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;27&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;43&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; , &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;001&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; , &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;97&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; ) and identified motivation (post-intervention: &lt;math&gt;&lt;mn&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;25&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;76&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; versus &lt;math&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;35&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;31&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; , &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;015&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; , &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"15-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of tele-rehabilitation on health outcomes in overweight and obese elderly women with locomotor disabilities from knee osteoarthritis: A randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Gopal Nambi, Shanmugananth Elayaperumal, Vijayamurugan Eswaramoorthi, Ramprasad Muthukrishnan","doi":"10.1142/S101370252650006X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S101370252650006X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common musculoskeletal disease causing locomotor disability, particularly in elderly women. Obesity and being overweight worsen disease progression and negatively impact mobility and overall health. Obese and overweight women face greater disability and reduced quality of life (QoL) compared to others. Tele-rehabilitation offers a promising approach to improve health outcomes by providing accessible, remote management for this vulnerable group.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine the effects of tele-rehabilitation on pain intensity, range of motion (ROM), functional disability, gait parameters, sleep quality, and QoL in overweight and obese middle-aged women with KOA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-six eligible participants were randomised into two groups: active group ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>28</mn></math> ) and control group ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>28</mn></math> ). Participants in the active group received tele-rehabilitation (supervised training), and the control group received a brochure explaining how to do each exercise. Both groups performed these exercises five times a week for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was pain intensity and the secondary outcome measures were range of motion, functional disability, gait parameters, sleep quality and the QoL. The measurements were taken at baseline, at 2 months, and at the 6-month follow-up. The analysis of variance through a linear mixed model (LMM) was used to compare the effects between the active and control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demographic characteristics such as age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and duration of symptoms did not show any statistically significant differences between the groups ( <math><mi>p</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>05</mn></math> ). The VAS score at 2 months showed an improvement of 2.47 (95%CI 2.26-2.67) in the active group compared to the control group. Similar effects were noted after 6 months, 1.88 (95%CI 1.80-1.95), follow-up period. Similar statistically significant improvements were found in the secondary outcome measures such as ROM, functional disability, gait parameters (gait velocity, step length, and cadence), sleep quality and QoL ( <math><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>001</mn></math> ).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found that, tele-rehabilitation proved to be an effective intervention for improving health outcomes in overweight and obese elderly women with locomotor disabilities due to KOA. The findings suggest that remote rehabilitation can reduce pain, enhance mobility, reduce disability, and better QoL, making it a valuable alternative to conventional care in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"83-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and reliability of hand-held dynamometers in hip, knee, and ankle strength testing in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Reil Vinard S Espino, Consuelo G Suarez, Donald G Manlapaz, Jazzmine Gale S Flores","doi":"10.1142/S1013702526500046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1013702526500046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate assessment of muscle strength is crucial for clinical practice. While traditional methods like manual muscle testing (MMT) are accessible, isokinetic dynamometry (ID) is the gold standard due to its reliability, although it is expensive, space-consuming, and requires extensive training. Hand-held dynamometers (HHDs) have demonstrated a strong correlation with ID values, suggesting good to excellent validity. However, factors such as muscle group, evaluator proficiency, and protocol standardization can influence hand-held dynamometer (HHD) measurements.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the inter- and intra-rater reliability and validity of HHDs for lower extremity strength assessment in healthy adults and to identify common test protocols.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in six databases (PubMed, Medline and CINAHL via Ebsco host, ISI Web of Science, ProQuest, and Science Direct) from January 2017 to May 2023. Studies were included if they assessed asymptomatic participants using HHDs for isometric or concentric contractions of the hip, knee, or ankle and focused on psychometric properties. The QAREL and QUADAS-2 checklists were used to assess reliability and validity, respectively. To complement these 2 checklists, GRADE was used to determine the certainty of evidence. A meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the pooled reliability and validity of HHDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen studies were included. Sixteen investigated HHD reliability, with eight being solely reliability studies. Reliability was operationalized through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Eight studies received high QAREL scores, indicating strong methodological quality. The remaining studies received low QAREL scores, suggesting methodological weaknesses. These reliability studies revealed moderate to very high correlations for inter-rater and intra-rater reliability, indicating HHDs can be a dependable tool for evaluating lower limb muscle strength. Ten studies investigated the validity of HHD for measuring muscle strength in the lower limbs. Pearson correlation coefficients showed moderate to perfect positive correlations between HHD and ID measurements, suggesting alignment. Four studies provided data for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate for internal consistency for all hip and knee movement strength assessments across studies was high to very high, indicating minimal measurement error and reliable measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HHDs are reliable and valid for assessing lower extremity muscle strength in healthy adults. Their ease of use, affordability, and portability make them a valuable asset for clinical practice. This research was funded by DOST-SEI. The systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023399215).</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"39-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Familiarity, attitudes, and barriers to exergame use in rehabilitation among healthcare practitioners in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Hammad S Alhasan, Raed Saleh Almalki, Abdulmajeed Yassen Altohami, Mansour Abdullah Alshehri","doi":"10.1142/S1013702525500118","DOIUrl":"10.1142/S1013702525500118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exergames have gained attention as interactive technologies that combine exercise and gaming to enhance rehabilitation outcomes. Despite their potential, their use in clinical practice remains limited in Saudi Arabia. A validated survey was administered to healthcare practitioners to investigate their familiarity and attitudes (advantages and barriers) towards the utilisation of exergames in rehabilitation settings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to identify the factors influencing the successful implementation of exergames as a therapeutic modality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was used to investigate healthcare practitioners' familiarity and attitudes towards exergames in rehabilitation settings in Saudi Arabia. A survey was developed to encompass these three constructs. A conceptual framework for the survey was established through a comprehensive literature review and expert consultation to ensure the content's validity and comprehensiveness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 244 responses were received, mainly from physiotherapists and occupational therapists. The findings indicated that the use of exergames in rehabilitation was limited, with only 17% of healthcare practitioners ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>42</mn></math> /244) reporting their use. Despite this, there was an overall positive attitude towards exergames. The most commonly reported advantage of exergames was their ability to increase training motivation ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>231</mn></math> /244, 95%), while the primary barrier to adoption was the cost associated with purchasing the necessary devices and games ( <math><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>186</mn></math> /244, 76%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reported advantages of using exergames significantly outweighed the perceived barriers, suggesting a positive attitude and high acceptance rate among healthcare practitioners in Saudi Arabia towards this technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"131-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12752679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145879050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and cross-cultural adaptation of an Arabic version of the chronic pain self-efficacy scale.","authors":"Mohamed G Almalki, Amr A Abdel-Aziem","doi":"10.1142/S101370252550012X","DOIUrl":"10.1142/S101370252550012X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-efficacy in pain sufferers includes beliefs about one's capacity to tolerate pain. For usage by Arabic-speaking individuals, the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale (CPSS), which was initially developed in English, must be translated and modified into the Arabic language.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the CPSS's psychometric qualities for subjects suffering from chronic pain in Arabic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional survey that followed Beaton <i>et al.</i>'s guidelines. The CPSS underwent cross-cultural adaptation and Arabic translation in the initial phase. Then, the reliability and validity of the Arabic version of CPSS were examined. A total of 329 patients completed the questionnaire (40.7% males and 59.3% females).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The subscales had good internal consistency, the Cronbach's alpha was 0.870 for subscale 1 (self-efficacy for managing pain), 0.935 for subscale 2 (physical function self-efficacy), and 0.925 for subscale 3 (coping with other symptoms self-efficacy). Test-retest total scores had an acceptable intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.743 (95% CI -0.29 to -0.196, <math><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>92</mn></math> ). When performing principal component analysis with varimax rotation [exploratory factor analysis <math><mo>(</mo> <mstyle><mtext>EFA</mtext></mstyle> <mo>)></mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>4</mn></math> ], the test is helpful. Regarding construct validity, the correlation between the total score of Beck depression inventory (BDI) and CPSS subscales and total score have significant moderate negative correlations ( <math><mi>r</mi> <mo>=-</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>479</mn></math> ; <math><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>001</mn></math> ) except the pain management subscale has significantly weak negative correlations ( <math><mi>r</mi> <mo>=-</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>345</mn></math> ; <math><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>001</mn></math> ).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Arabic version seems to be a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating a person's self-efficacy in chronic pain among Arabic-speaking individuals making it a good and acceptable instrument.</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"143-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12752680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145879202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of walking training intensity on regaining independent walking for sub-acute stroke patients: A retrospective study.","authors":"Keith Tin Sing Lau, Bryan Ping Ho Chung, Titanic Fuk On Lau","doi":"10.1142/S1013702525500076","DOIUrl":"10.1142/S1013702525500076","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Recovery of walking ability is important for stroke patients because it increases the likelihood of discharge and is the essential basis for achieving functional independence. Walking training intensity, measured in meters (m), provides a tangible measure of progress that is obvious and directly relates to a patient's ability to walk in real-world scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the relationship between walking training distance, &lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt; and discharge walking ability of sub-acute stroke patients using modified functional ambulation classification (MFAC), and to compare the achieved walking training distance between two distinct groups; non-assisted and assisted walkers of sub-acute stroke patients and their between-group differences in discharge functional outcomes including modified Rivermead mobility index (MRMI) and Berg's balance scale (BBS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The design was a retrospective study conducted in an inpatient rehabilitation center. A total of 87 patients were assigned to the &lt;i&gt;Non-Assisted Walker group&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Assisted Walker group&lt;/i&gt; according to their discharge MFAC. The correlation between walking training distance and discharge functional outcomes, and the between-group differences in walking training distance, functional outcomes of MFAC, MRMI and BBS were analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The achieved walking training distance in the &lt;i&gt;Non-Assisted Walker group&lt;/i&gt; was significantly ( &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;001&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; ) higher than that of the Assisted &lt;i&gt;Walker group&lt;/i&gt;. The achieved walking training distance in &lt;i&gt;Non-Assisted Walker group&lt;/i&gt; and the &lt;i&gt;Assisted Walker group&lt;/i&gt; were 3190 &lt;math&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;m&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt; &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2636&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and 1178 &lt;math&gt;&lt;mstyle&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;m&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt; &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1145&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; , respectively. There were significant between-group differences ( &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;001&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; ) in discharge MRMI and BBS indicating that the &lt;i&gt;Non-Assisted Walker group&lt;/i&gt; achieved better functional outcomes at discharge compared to the &lt;i&gt;Assisted Walker group&lt;/i&gt;. The achieved walking training distance had moderate correlations with discharge MFAC ( &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;53&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;001&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; ), discharge MRMI ( &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;54&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;001&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; ) and discharge BBS ( &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;47&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt; &lt;mn&gt;001&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt; ), respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results suggested that higher walking training intensity, as reflected by greater achieved walking training distance, is associated with higher levels of walking ability at","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12752677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145879132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}