Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal最新文献

{"title":"Level of self-efficacy among skill-based allied health students in the University of Santo Tomas-Enriched Virtual Mode of learning: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Donald G Manlapaz, Cristine Rose S Versales, John Micko A Pazcoguin, Justin Jeremiah A Ching, Marcela Joyce P Bartolome, Samantha Lavin Da Silva, Kertlouie Gabriel Z Edquila, Lara Francheska Fulo, Yvonne Geisel Benezet J Male, Joey Patricia Y Peña, Ramon Miguel C Pineda","doi":"10.1142/S1013702524500057","DOIUrl":"10.1142/S1013702524500057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-efficacy expresses a learner's perception of how well they can do in the online academic setting. Although students' academic successes can be measured by online learning self-efficacy, there is a scarcity of evidence targeted toward allied health students.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary aim of this study is to determine the level of online self-efficacy among students from skill-based allied health programs. The secondary aim is to correlate online self-efficacy with age, sex, year level, and program of the students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analytic study utilized the Online Learning Self-Efficacy Scale (OLSE) to determine students' level of self-efficacy via a survey conducted with students who underwent the Enriched Virtual Mode of learning. Descriptive statistics was used to characterize the study participants, describe the level of self-efficacy, and compare the subscales of OLSE. Inferential statistics using Spearman's rho was performed to determine the correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 117 respondents with a mean age ± SD of 20.59 ± 0.11 years old, predominantly female (71%) were included in the study. The students from allied health programs had an online self-efficacy overall mean score of 3.83 (<math><mstyle><mtext>SD</mtext></mstyle><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></math>; range 2.64-5.00) with the use of technology subscales weighted the highest mean score (4.24). Females have a higher average OLSE score (<math><mstyle><mtext>M</mtext></mstyle><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>92</mn></math>, <math><mstyle><mtext>SD</mtext></mstyle><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></math>) compared to males. Significant correlation was found between OLSE scores to sex (<math><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>260</mn></math>, <math><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>005</mn></math>) and year level (<math><mi>r</mi><mo>=-</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>199</mn></math>, <math><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>031</mn></math>) while nonsignificant correlation was found between OLSE scores to the program (<math><mi>r</mi><mo>=-</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>048</mn></math>, <math><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>604</mn></math>) and age (<math><mi>r</mi><mo>=-</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>123</mn></math>, <math><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>185</mn></math>).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Students of allied health programs generally have a very good level of online self-efficacy. This study assists educators in developing proactive strategies and approaches to promote students' self-confidence across all domains and encourage them to adopt a dynamic remote learning-based approach. Educational institutions should use this opportunity to assess how well they have implemented remote learning to ensure educational continuity, especially in times of crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"44 2","pages":"91-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10949109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical therapy exercises for improving intermittent exotropia control post-strabismus surgery: A randomized controlled study","authors":"A. Wahid, Sameh G. Taher, Ayah Mohmoud Mohamed, Doaa Atef","doi":"10.1142/s1013702524500100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702524500100","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exotropia control is deteriorated by post-strabismus surgery in many cases. Improving this control is considered as an important factor for success of the strabismus surgery like ocular motor alignment. Objective: To determine the therapeutic effect of postoperative eye exercises on exodeviation eye control after the strabismus surgery. Methods: Forty patients suffering from intermittent exotropia after strabismus surgery were randomly divided into experimental group and control groups. Both groups received the usual medical care, while the experimental group received different types of eye exercises using physiotherapy modalities in 24 sessions over three months (two sessions a week). The measurement of exotropia control for near target and far target using the office-based scale was done before and after the treatment. Results: There was a significant improvement in near eye control post-treatment ([Formula: see text]) in the experimental group compared with control group ([Formula: see text]) as the mean difference was −3.20 and 95% CI of the difference between them was −3.645–−2.755 with [Formula: see text]. Also, far eye control improved post-treatment in the experimental group ([Formula: see text]) compared with control group ([Formula: see text]) with mean difference of −3.250 and 95% CI of the difference between them was −3.727–−2.773 with [Formula: see text]. Conclusions: For patients with intermittent exotropia who had undergone strabismus surgery, the addition of physiotherapy exercises for the eye provided significant improvements in exotropia control for near target and far target.","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and validity of modified upper limb neurodynamic tests in patients with cervical radiculopathy","authors":"Rupa Zanwar, S. Wani","doi":"10.1142/s1013702524500112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702524500112","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neurodynamic Tests (NDTs) are used to assess neural mechanosensitivity in various conditions such as neural sliding, tension or inflammatory dysfunction. But in some upper quadrant dysfunctions, standard testing procedure of NDT cannot be assessed or tolerated by patient. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the validity, intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of modified NDTs via median and ulnar nerve in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Methods: Thirty-three patients (18 men and 15 women, mean age ± SD [Formula: see text]) with cervical radiculopathy having positive response to standard NDTs were included in the study. Modified neurodynamic tests for median & ulnar nerve were performed with modification in the sequencing of standard neurodynamic test at lower degrees of glenohumeral abduction and external rotation. Outcome measures used were angle of elbow extension for median nerve and angle elbow flexion for ulnar nerve at the point of pain onset indicated by “OP” (Onset of Pain). Results: Reliability of OP was evaluated using measurement of Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) values. Results indicated high ICC values and low SEM values for OP during modified median and modified ulnar NDTs (M-MNT1 and M-UNT) on symptomatic side of patients with cervical radiculopathy. Spearman correlation analysis for validity of test score showed strong correlation ([Formula: see text]) with standard NDT. Conclusion: There was strong correlation between Modified NDTs and standard tests depicting good validity and substantial reliability of OP during M-MNT1 and M-UNT for positive NDT response in patients with cervical radiculopathy.","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The test-induced warm-up effect on hamstring flexibility tests","authors":"Wootaek Lim","doi":"10.1142/s1013702524500094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702524500094","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although the effect of active warm-up (WU) on acute flexibility enhancement is well documented, the test-induced WU effect in muscle length test has not been widely studied. Objective: This study aimed to verify the test-induced WU effect on hamstring flexibility tests. Methods: The active knee extension (AKE) was performed using the right leg, whereas the straight leg raise (SLR) was performed using the left leg. Ten trials of AKE or SLR were performed: two as the pre-intervention trials (Pre); six as the WU intervention; and another two trials as the post-intervention (Post). During WU, subjects in the WO-Hold group performed six trials of the AKE or SLR without hold, and those in the W-Hold group performed six trials of the AKE or SLR with a 5[Formula: see text]s hold. Results: A significant difference was noted between Pre-AKE and Post-AKE, and between Pre-SLR and Post-SLR, respectively, in both the groups. The effect of WU is clear when performing consecutive AKE or SLR without any additional hold. Conclusion: Practitioners should be cautious in interpreting the testing result to avoid overestimation of the treatment effect since the test itself may induce substantial WU effect to the target tissues.","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"175 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Kinesio taping versus mechanical cervical traction combined with physiotherapy program on chronic neck pain in young female university students","authors":"Amany E. Abd-Eltawab, Mariam A. Ameer","doi":"10.1142/s1013702524500082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702524500082","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mechanical neck pain is common among young female university students and can lead to disability and reduced physical activity. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Kinesio taping (KT) to mechanical cervical traction (MCT) on young female university students with chronic neck pain. Methods: Sixty young female university students with mechanical neck pain participated in this study; their ages ranged from 19 years to 23 years. They were assigned to three equal groups: the control group (A) received infrared, massage, stretching, and strengthening exercises three days per week for 6 weeks. Experimental group B received cervical traction in addition to the same program as the control, and experimental group C received KT in addition to the same program as the control group. Absolute pain intensity by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were measured pre-and post-treatment intervention. Data were gathered at baseline, and after 6 weeks of intervention for three groups. Results: The MANOVA test showed a significant reduction in NDI and pain level after 6 weeks between pre-and post-treatment intervention in group B ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively). There was a significant reduction in pain after 6 weeks in group C. There was also a significant reduction in NDI and pain level after 6 weeks in group B versus control group ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively). In addition, a significant reduction in pain level and NDI after 6 weeks was detected in group B compared to group C ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], respectively) while a significant reduction in pain level only between the control group (A) and group C was detected ([Formula: see text]). Conclusion: In young female university students with mechanical neck pain, cervical traction combined with physiotherapy program was found to be more effective than KT with physiotherapy program or physiotherapy program alone in reducing pain and enhancing functional abilities after 6 weeks. This will help physiotherapists make more informed decisions concerning the clinical effects of MCT.","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"56 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135774824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Students’ perceptions and experiences of remote learning amid covid-19 pandemic in Ghana","authors":"Rockson Kumi, Jonathan Quartey, Samuel Koranteng Kwakye, Emmanuella Dufie Oppong","doi":"10.1142/s1013702524500070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702524500070","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on students, instructors, and educational organisations all around the world. Remote learning was an emergency response by most universities in Ghana during this pandemic to ensure the continuation of their academic calendar. Conducting this study among Ghanaian undergraduate students is crucial because factors like socioeconomic status, technological resources, and individual learning preferences can significantly impact their experience and the perception of remote learning, which may differ from studies conducted elsewhere. Objective: To determine the perceptions and experiences of remote learning among allied health sciences students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 218 second, third, and final year Allied Health Sciences students in the University of Ghana. A questionnaire was used to obtain data concerning health professions students’ perception and experience of remote learning. The readiness of students in respect to the emergency remote learning, attitudes towards remote learning, perception of remote learning, satisfaction, and the level of anxiety was calculated using mean and mean percentages. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyse differences between programmes of study and the perceptions and experiences of remote learning. Results: One hundred and fifteen (53.1%) of the participants had moderate perceptions of independence and responsibility in their learning experiences while 80 (36.7%) students reported that their satisfaction levels regarding remote learning was high. Seventy-seven (38.4%) students reported that they had a burden of anxiety. There was no statistically significant difference between anxiety level and programme of study. Conclusion: Ghana Allied Health Sciences students had positive perceptions and experiences towards remote learning. They could adapt to the new teaching method with appropriate technology integration. Despite a number of students who were anxious about using remote learning. Adequate support towards transitioning into the use of technology may be a good consideration.","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"52 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135775223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization and manual myofascial release on pain, range of motion and function in myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius — A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Shweta Agarwal, Nilima Bedekar, Ashok Shyam, Parag Sancheti","doi":"10.1142/s1013702524500069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702524500069","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a muscle pain disorder characterized by the presence of Myofascial Trigger Point (MTrP) within a taut band, local tenderness, referral of pain to a distant site, restricted range of motion, and autonomic phenomena. The upper trapezius is the muscle most often affected by MTrPs. Manual myofascial release (MFR) and Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) are techniques of soft tissue release that are used to resolve MPS. Fifty six percent of physiotherapists complain of pain in multiple areas due to the massage and manual therapy that they have to perform. Objective: The objective of this study is to find whether IASTM is better than manual MFR in treating patients with MPS in upper trapezius. Methods: This study was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial that included 31 participants, both males and females between the age groups of 18–50 years. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. Three sessions were given over a period of one week for both groups. Group A received IASTM along with conventional treatment and Group B received Manual MFR along with the conventional treatment. The outcome measures evaluated were pain, cervical range of motion, pain pressure threshold (PPT) of trigger points, and the neck disability index. Pre- and post-measurements were taken and the analysis was done. Results: Both the treatment methods significantly reduced pain, improved PPT, range of motion, and function. The effects between the groups showed that IASTM was significantly better than manual MFR to reduce pain. The improvement in PPT, range of motion and function were equal in both the groups. Conclusion: IASTM and manual MFR both are effective individually as treatment procedures for pain, PPT, range of motion, and function. Neither of the treatment options can be considered better that the other. The clinician can decide based on the availability of the instrument, training, patient’s preference, and his/her comfort whether which of the two treatment methods should be used.","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135012059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiotherapy students’ rating on lecturers’ and supervisors’ clinical education attributes","authors":"Nana Kwame Safo-Kantanka, Jonathan Quartey, Samuel Koranteng Kwakye","doi":"10.1142/s1013702524500045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702524500045","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clinical education is considered a vital aspect of education of health science students. Attributes of clinical educators play a crucial role in determining the outcome of clinical teaching and learning. A good clinical educator ensures that students get maximum benefits of the clinical learning experience. Objective: To determine the ratings of physiotherapy students on clinical education attributes of lecturers and clinical supervisors. Methods: The study was conducted with 81 clinical physiotherapy students from two universities in Ghana. Two copies of McGill clinical teachers’ evaluation (CTE) tool were used to obtain students’ ratings on their clinical supervisors’ and lecturers’ clinical education attributes. Independent t-test was used to compare the means of students’ level of study and ratings regarding the clinical education attributes of clinical supervisors and lecturers. Results: Students had a high rating on their clinical education attributes of supervisors and lecturers with a mean score of ([Formula: see text]) and ([Formula: see text]), respectively. Rating on clinical education attributes of supervisors ([Formula: see text]) and lecturers ([Formula: see text]) did not differ significantly between the different levels of study. Conclusion: Clinical physiotherapy students rated the clinical education attributes of their lecturers and supervisors high.","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"441 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134977795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical application of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation: A scoping review","authors":"Anwar Hassan, Sidney Takacs, Sam Orde, Jennifer A. Alison, Stephen Huang, Maree A. Milross","doi":"10.1142/s1013702524500033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702524500033","url":null,"abstract":"Impaired respiratory function secondary to acute or chronic respiratory disease poses a significant clinical and healthcare burden. Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is used in various clinical settings to treat excessive airway secretions, pulmonary atelectasis, and impaired gas exchange. Despite IPV’s wide use, there is a lack of clinical guidance on IPV application which may lead to inconsistency in clinical practice. This scoping review aimed to summarise the clinical application methods and dosage of IPV used by clinicians and researchers to provide guidance. A two-staged systematic search was conducted to retrieve studies that used IPV in inpatient and outpatient settings. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google scholar were searched from January 1979 till 2022. Studies with patients aged ≥16 years and published in any language were included. Two reviewers independently screened the title and abstract, reviewed full text articles, and extracted data. Search yielded 514 studies. After removing duplicates and irrelevant studies, 25 studies with 905 participants met the inclusion criteria. This is the first scoping review to summarise IPV application methods and dosages from the available studies in intensive care unit (ICU), acute inpatient (non-ICU), and outpatient settings. Some variations in clinical applications and prescribed dosages of IPV were noted. Despite variations, common trends in clinical application and prescription of IPV dosages were observed and summarised to assist clinicians with IPV intervention. Although an evidence-based clinical guideline could not be provided, this review provides detailed information on IPV application and dosages in order to provide clinical guidance and lays a foundation towards developing a clinical practice guideline in the future.","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of developing evidence-based clinical examinations for low back pain","authors":"A. Wong","doi":"10.1142/S1013702518010023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1013702518010023","url":null,"abstract":"Low back pain (LBP) is the number one cause of years lived with disability in the world. Approximately 80% of people experience LBP at least once in their lifetime and many of them remain to have LBP at older ages. Despite the high prevalence of LBP, approximately 90% of LBP are labelled as non-speci ̄c LBP because no clear etiologies can be found. Given that medical imaging has limited values in diagnosing patients with LBP, lumbar imaging is recommended only when serious pathologies (e.g., malignancy, fracture, infection) are suspected. In order to prescribe treatments for patients with LBP, physical therapists need to rely on patient history and clinical examinations to inform clinical decisions. In the absence of robust evidence or knowledge on the assessment criteria for identifying patients with di®erent underlying causes of non-speci ̄c LBP, a Delphi process is commonly used to solicit expert opinions regarding the most appropriate assessment criteria for classifying patients into di®erent subgroups for treatment allocations. Following the Delphi process, further studies should be conducted to evaluate the clinimetric properties of the recommended assessment criteria. Since some clinical examinations initially thought to be useful for di®erentiating di®erent patient subgroups for treatment allocations may display suboptimal clinical values in some patient populations later, any clinical examinations derived from the Delphi process must be evaluated thoroughly before applying them in clinical practice. In this issue of Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, Vongsirinavarat and co-workers conducted a single-group, repeated measures reliability study to evaluate the agreement of two experienced physical therapists in using nine assessment criteria derived from a Delphi study to diagnose patients with lumbar facet joint pain in a clinical setting. Speci ̄cally, the assessment criteria include three subjective assessments (i.e., localized unilateral pain, referred pain above knee, and no radicular pain), three movement tests (i.e., pain reduction in °exion, pain in extension, and pain in extension with side °exion and rotation","PeriodicalId":44774,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/S1013702518010023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41357473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}