Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma最新文献

{"title":"Who Protects Youth from Suicide After Bullying? Comparative Effects of Family, Peer and Teacher Support in Spanish Adolescents.","authors":"Héctor Galindo-Domínguez, Daniel Losada Iglesias","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00801-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-025-00801-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study analyzed the moderating role of different sources of social support in the association between bullying victimization and suicidal ideation among adolescents. Participants were 898 Spanish adolescents, who completed validated measures of school victimization, perceived family, peer, and teacher support, school environment, and suicidal risk. The findings indicated that the link between bullying victimization and suicidal ideation was stronger in females than in males. Family support generally showed a protective function for females; however, under high victimization, it exerted a comparatively stronger protective effect for males. Peer support was more effective in reducing suicidal ideation among females and among students who had not repeated a grade. Teacher support emerged as a consistent protective factor across sex, age, and grade-retention status, contributing to lower suicidal ideation regardless of individual characteristics. Overall, the results underscore the importance of considering the differentiated contributions of family, peers, and teachers when addressing the psychological impact of bullying. They also highlight the need to reinforce supportive interpersonal contexts in educational settings to mitigate suicidal ideation, one of the leading causes of mortality in adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 2","pages":"765-778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot Evaluation of Safe First Steps: Implementing Trauma-Informed Practices in a Hispanic School Community.","authors":"Athena B Thai, Lynda Gibson","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00794-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-025-00794-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Minority youth are disproportionately exposed to traumatic experiences but face barriers in accessing treatment. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) has identified six key principles for creating a trauma-informed environment, but these principles have been inconsistently implemented in schools serving diverse communities. The current study is a pilot evaluation of Safe First Steps, an initiative to implement trauma-informed practices based on SAMHSA's key principles, in a majority-Hispanic school population. 63 staff members from a school in Chicago participated in a training initiative, followed by group consultation meetings over two years. Data were collected concerning educators' progress in implementation of trauma-informed principles and barriers experienced. Improvements were found in five of SAMHSA's principles, although no improvement was made in Cultural Humility. Heavy teacher workload, lack of family engagement, family stressors, and newcomer status were the most frequently-reported barriers. Findings support Safe First Steps as a promising framework for implementing trauma-informed care in schools serving minority youth. Results underscore the importance of support from families, school administrators, legislators, and community members.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 1","pages":"125-133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13004791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining the PRACTICE Course for Trauma Professionals Across Organizational Roles to Enhance well-being and TF-CBT Competency.","authors":"Esther Deblinger, Elisabeth Pollio, Julie P Harrison, Beth Cooper, Francesca L Martelli, Nicole Schuler, Robert Steer","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00787-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-025-00787-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) are commonly experienced by mental health professionals working in the trauma field, which can have individual and organizational impacts. Protective factors against burnout and STS include using evidence-based treatment, having positive relationships, and focusing on self-care. This investigation sought to assess the impact of a self-care and relationship-care course for mental health professionals previously trained in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT). To enhance their personal well-being, competency, and empathy for clients, participants were encouraged through didactics, interactive activities, and assignments to personally utilize the PRACTICE skills clients are taught in TF-CBT. This refined iteration of the course had a greater focus on TF-CBT competency, and included supervisor and senior leader breakout groups that addressed organizational issues. Forty-five mental health professionals (32 clinicians, 7 supervisors, 6 senior leaders) participated in the study; 41 completed both pre- and post-course surveys, 27 of whom also answered a qualitative prompt. From pre- to post-course, participants across roles reported significant increases in PRACTICE skills usage (<i>p</i> < .001) and significant decreases in burnout (<i>p</i> < .001). Participants actively implementing TF-CBT (<i>n</i> = 34) reported significant increases in self-reported TF-CBT competency (<i>p</i> = .004). Reductions in STS were observed but were not significant. Qualitative findings also described benefits from the course and highlighted some differential responses to the course based on participants' organizational roles. These results support the potential benefits for trauma professionals (clinicians, supervisors, and senior leaders) of participating in the PRACTICE course.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 1","pages":"5-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13004778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blunted Brain Reactivity To Mutilation Pictures in Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Exposure To Childhood Sexual Abuse: An fMRI Study.","authors":"Aline F Bastos, Leticia de Oliveira, Mirtes G Pereira, Mauro V Mendlowicz, William Berger, Aline R Cardoso, Eliane Volchan, Fatima S Erthal","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00788-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-025-00788-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the impact of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on brain responses to aversive stimuli in patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Whole-brain and regions-of-interest analyses revealed that participants who reported higher severity of CSA had smaller brain reactivity to mutilation versus neutral pictures in the right postcentral and supramarginal gyrus, and in the left midcingulate, suggesting that CSA may blunt brain reactivity to aversive stimuli in areas involved in sensory and emo-motoric processing. This study adds evidence for long-lasting effects of CSA on brain processing and attests the need for specific diagnosis and treatment for the affected patients with PTSD.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40653-025-00788-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 1","pages":"301-309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13004775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma-Informed Care in out-of-School time Programs: A Strategic Response to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs).","authors":"Mary Jane Zeh, Jordan Thomas, David Gunderman, Niki Messmore","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00791-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-025-00791-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been shown to be at greater risk of experiencing negative health and social outcomes as adults. Providing Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) to children with ACEs has been linked to better health outcomes later in life. Similarly, Out-of-School Time (OST) programs may also play an important role in supporting children who have experienced ACEs. However, few studies have examined the prevalence of ACEs among children attending OST programs specifically, or subsequently how TIC strategies can be implemented at OST programs to mitigate negative health effects. This study aimed to determine if youth who attend the studied OST Program had experienced a higher number of ACEs than the general pediatric population, and subsequently if TIC training had been implemented. An anonymous survey was developed, modeled after a template from ACEs Aware, which included ten ACEs questions (original ACEs) and nine Related Life Events questions (considered additional ACEs in this study). An optional demographics section was also included. Caregivers of children at the specified OST Program were asked to participate. Staff and volunteers were also surveyed regarding their history of training in TIC. Survey response rate was 81.3% (<i>n</i> = 52). Of the completed surveys, the mean number of total ACEs experienced per child was 4.6, the median was 3, and the mode was 2. The maximum number of ACEs experienced by a child was 14. The median number of total ACEs for the OST Program population was found to be statistically significantly different (difference = 1, <i>p</i> = 3.522e-04) than that of the general pediatric population. The median number of original ACEs experienced per child at the OST Program was also found to be statistically significantly different (difference = 1, <i>p</i> = 3.348e-05) than that of the general pediatric population. 50% of the staff and volunteers surveyed (<i>n</i> = 18, 100% response rate) had no formal TIC training. Children who attend the studied OST Program may experience on average a higher number of ACEs than the general pediatric population. Requiring training on ACEs and TIC for staff and volunteers may help better identify and respond to child behaviors linked to ACEs and improve downstream health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 2","pages":"863-870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the Cycle: Investigating Family Resilience as a Pathway to Better Adolescent Mental, Emotional, Developmental, and Behavioral Health Outcomes.","authors":"Mounika Polavarapu, Shipra Singh, Mohini Adhikari","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00792-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-025-00792-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over 20% of children aged 3-17 in the U.S. have at least one diagnosed mental, emotional, developmental, or behavioral health (MEDBH) condition. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are linked to poor MEDBH outcomes. While family resilience has been examined as a protective factor for specific mental health outcomes, few studies have investigated its role as a distinct mediator in adolescent MEDBH. This study investigated the relationship between ACEs, family resilience, and MEDBH outcomes in adolescents aged 12-17 years. This analysis utilized cross-sectional data from the 2022 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Logistic regression models assessed the association between ACEs, family resilience, and MEDBH outcomes. A generalized structural equation model tested the mediating role of family resilience in this relationship. Among adolescents aged 12-17 years, 34.22% were reported to have experienced MEDBH condition. Adolescents with one or more ACEs had significantly higher odds of experiencing MEDBH issues (aOR = 2.59, 95% CI: 2.56-2.96), while family resilience was protective (aOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66-0.92), after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Mediation analysis confirmed that family resilience partially mediated the association between ACEs and MEDBH outcomes (β = 0.0100, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Specifically, ACEs were negatively associated with family resilience. Our findings emphasize the significant negative association of ACEs on adolescent MEDBH, both directly and indirectly. While family resilience may serve as a protective factor, it is weakened by ACEs. Enhancing family resilience may mitigate the adverse consequences of ACEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 1","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13004799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Concept of Blocked Care in a Young Forensic Population.","authors":"Bianca Jeacock, Ioan Ohlsson","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00773-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-025-00773-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to explore blocked care (compassion fatigue and burnout) within secure and non-secure children's residential settings by examining how blocked care relates to therapeutic parenting (a sensitive parenting style that incorporates empathy) and how those employed to care for children in these settings typically cope with blocked care. Using a quantitative design, 73 adults completed three measures via Qualtrics assessing their compassion fatigue, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and empathy within the previous 30 days, and tendency to use problem-focused, emotion-focused, and/or avoidant coping strategies. Multiple regression analyses showed that burnout and secondary traumatic stress significantly predicted compassion fatigue (R² = 0.208), and that burnout, compassion fatigue, and empathy significantly predicted secondary traumatic stress (R² = 0.474). Empathy did not significantly predict compassion fatigue or burnout. Avoidant coping significantly predicted compassion fatigue (R² = 0.108), burnout (R² = 0.270), and secondary traumatic stress (R² = 0.352), while emotion-focused coping also significantly predicted secondary traumatic stress (R² = 0.352). Problem-focused coping did not significantly predict any outcome. This study contributes towards the limited literature on blocked care with consideration of the importance of understanding blocked care and secondary traumatic stress. It also suggests how blocked care and secondary traumatic stress could be managed. However, this study has several limitations, including the use of self-reported measures, which are discussed along with proposals for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 1","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13004796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver Adverse Childhood Experiences, Resilience, and Mental Health in a Predominantly Hispanic Pediatric Clinic Setting.","authors":"Abigail Powers, Rebecca Lipschutz, Jasmin Salazar, Melyrene Pomales, Chiara M Bettale, Eunice Amador, Angie Boy, Maneesha Agarwal","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00780-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-025-00780-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase risk for negative health outcomes, including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and have intergenerational effects. Hispanic families are at heightened risk for ACEs yet remain understudied. Pediatric primary care clinics are an ideal location to identify at-risk families. The current study examined caregiver ACEs, resilience, depression, and PTSD and whether resilience moderated associations between ACEs and psychiatric symptoms. Caregivers (<i>N</i> = 178; 93.3% female; 87.0% Hispanic) were recruited at infant well-child visits in a pediatric primary care clinic serving predominantly Hispanic families. Informed consent and measures were obtained prior to the medical visit in a private space within the clinic. ACEs, resilience, and depression and PTSD symptoms were measured using self-report. ACE levels (44.9% ≥4) were high. Caregivers that spent majority of their childhood in the U.S. reported significantly higher expanded ACEs (<i>p =</i> .001) and depression (<i>p</i> < .05) compared to caregivers that spent childhood elsewhere. Correlational analyses showed a significant negative association between expanded ACEs and resilience (<i>p</i> < .001), and positive associations with PTSD and depression symptoms (<i>ps</i> < 0.001). Resilience moderated the association between ACEs and depression symptoms (<i>B</i>=-0.29, <i>p</i> < .05); at high levels of resilience, the relation between ACEs and depression was not significant. ACEs and related psychiatric symptoms are high among Hispanic caregivers of infants; notably risk is increased among those living in the U.S. during childhood. Resilience may buffer effects of ACEs on parental depression, highlighting the value considering preventive interventions for Hispanic families.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 2","pages":"435-445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seeing us Beyond the Cuts: Young Women's Perspectives on the Meaning of their Non-Suicidal Self-Harm.","authors":"Agat Sold, Tehila Refaeli","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00786-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-025-00786-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recently increasing discourse on agency among young women refers to their ability to feel in control of their bodies and their environments. However, qualitative exploration of agency among young women engaging in non-suicidal self-harm (NSSI) remains scarce. This study employed a qualitative phenomenological approach with this population, utilizing semi-structured interviews with sixteen young women aged 18-26 who had previously engaged in NSSI. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis yielded two overarching themes: (1) Reasons for NSSI and (2) The Dynamics of NSSI. The first theme, Reasons for NSSI, includes six sub-themes: Using NSSI as a tool for coping, the need for control, self-punishment, the need to feel, a sense of helplessness, and using NSSI as a form of communication. The second theme, The Dynamics of NSSI, comprises three sub-themes: Efforts to hide NSSI, the role of social media in learning and connecting around NSSI, and the development of a compulsive urge to NSSI. Together, these themes illuminate both the meaning participants attributed to NSSI and the ways in which the behavior developed and was sustained. In contrast to previous research that emphasizes the negative aspects of NSSI, the current findings reveal multifaceted perspectives on this behavior. Specifically, they underscore the importance of recognizing the agency these young women demonstrate while simultaneously acknowledging NSSI's potentially harmful aspects. Therefore, addressing NSSI requires recognizing its nuances and supporting young women who experience it. Further implications are discussed below.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 2","pages":"583-595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience, Risk and Protective Factors in Children and Adolescents Growing Up with Parental Alcohol Misuse.","authors":"Kristel Svendal, Oyeniyi Samuel Olaniyan, Gaby Ortiz Barreda","doi":"10.1007/s40653-025-00776-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40653-025-00776-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present scoping review addresses resilience, risk/protective factors, and coping in children growing up with parental alcohol misuse. Around 8.7 million children in the USA live with a parent who misuses alcohol, and between 780,000 and 1.3 million children in the UK live in families affected by alcohol misuse. Our preliminary search indicated that no existing global statistics are available on children living with parental alcohol misuse, which underscores the importance of expanding knowledge in this field. On the one hand, research shows that growing up in homes where one or two parents have an alcohol use disorder can lead to a variety of challenging outcomes in adulthood for the children. On the other hand, there are children who face these hurdles in their childhood but manage their adulthood better than expected. Twenty-five primary studies were included. These studies were conducted in different parts of the world. Findings are discussed in view of attachment theory and regulation theory as a framework for understanding resilience, risk/protective factors, and coping in children and adolescents growing up with parental alcohol misuse. We identified risk and protective factors on biological, individual, parental, familial, and social levels. Each level addresses factors that affect children's physical and psychological development, both positively and negatively. Furthermore, the analysis included research on interventions implemented to prevent negative consequences for the children involved. Analysis of the literature indicates that further research on familial and social levels is required.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40653-025-00776-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 2","pages":"385-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13190856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}