Geography and Natural Resources最新文献

{"title":"Results and Prospects for Cooperation between Russia and Mongolia on the Problems of Tick-Borne Infections","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823050141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823050141","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>This article presents the results of a quarter of a century of cooperation between the Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems (Irkutsk, Russia) and the National Centers for Zoonotic Infections (Ulaanbaatar and Sükhbaatar, Mongolia), as well as the current ecological and epidemiological situation and perspectives of future collaborative research. The current situation in the natural foci of tick-borne infections in the transboundary Russian–Mongolian territories indicates the need to continue joint research and improve existing monitoring. Based on the results of field research, laboratory diagnostics of biomaterials, and data on the official incidence of tick-borne infections, the epidemiological situation in near-border foci in Russia and Mongolia started worsening. In the territories of the taiga and forest-steppe landscapes of Mongolia, the taiga tick, the main vector of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and ixodid tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease), occurs with varying frequency and abundance. The second in importance and width of distribution is the steppe tick, which annually reaches several hundred per surveillance count in April–May in the steppe habitats. Up to 81% of the studied ticks contain viral and bacterial pathogens and can transmit these pathogens of dangerous diseases to humans. Since 2005, TBE has been diagnosed in 393 patients, Lyme disease in 276, and North Asian tick typhus in 2003, and patients with mixed infection were also diagnosed. More than half of the tick-borne disease cases were registered in Selenge aimag bordering Russia, which is one of the most affected in Mongolia in terms of tick-borne infections. For 18 years, the mortality comprised 0.9% (23 fatal cases). According to the official data of Rospotrebnadzor in the Republic of Buryatia in the border Tunkinsky district, the incidence of TBE had increased from one case in 2020 to six in 2022, whereas Lyme disease increased from four to seven cases. The results presented here indicate the need for urgent actions to prevent a further increase in tick-borne diseases.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139476346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Structure of Equatorial Landscapes of the Merkele Ridge (Seram Island, Indonesia)","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823040042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823040042","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The landscape structure of the equatorial limestone Merkele ridge, on which the highest peak of the Maluku Islands, Mt. Binaya, is located, has been studied. As a result, a spectrum of landscape taxa has been identified that is atypical of extratropical-latitude mountains. The formation of limestone by coral polyps, which was subsequently raised up to 3000 m above the level of the World Ocean by tectonic movements, as well as the hypsometric factor and the humid equatorial climate, became the main factors determining the modern landscape structure of the ridge. The influence of the relief-substrate basis on the differentiation of landscape components is shown. Seven landscape taxa, representing the landscape framework of the Merkele ridge, have been identified. Analysis of spatial distribution of soil types and plant formations has made it possible to distinguish 15 smaller landscape taxa among them. Their vertical differentiation is caused by a decrease in temperatures and a change in moisture with increasing elevation. The taxonomic composition of vegetation becomes simpler in this case. Representatives of the flora from higher latitudes appear in it. The anthropogenic factor has had a strong impact on the geosystems in the lower belt of the ridge. Landscape taxa with dominant plant communities of cultivated plants, as well as those devoid of natural vegetation and soil cover emerged below the 300-m isohypse as a result of cutting down of low-mountain rain forests on gentle and moderately steep slopes. Landscape taxa above the 300-m isohypse have mostly preserved their natural state.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140197940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cartographic Analysis of the Framework of Territorial Nature Protection in Ulaanbaatar","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823050086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823050086","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The problems of landscaping and preservation of the most valuable natural sites of the capital and the largest city of Mongolia are considered. As part of the cartographic analysis, the green framework of the urban agglomeration of Ulaanbaatar is identified, consisting of specially protected natural areas (SPNAs) and urban forests (existing and newly landscaped), as well as other sites valuable for conservation. When mapping the elements that make up the green framework of a megalopolis with almost 2 million people, insufficient landscaping of the central residential part of the city was revealed, and the very high values of the area of green areas are generally ensured by the inclusion of natural forests and protected areas in the city boundaries. They remain confined to the outskirts of the settlement. The main problems for the green system of Ulaanbaatar remain logging, fires, the significant expansion of urban development, the yurt ring and the use of territories by so-called <em>dachas</em> (summer homes), and recreational impact. In addition, the negative impact of climate change and lack of irrigation water on green areas is noted, as is the significant presence of air pollutants in the city’s atmosphere (urban transport, coal heating for homes, and coal-based electricity). The main goal of improving the green framework is recognized as the need to expand landscaping in the populated part of the city and link individual green islands into a single urban system.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139476345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Exogeodynamic Hazard of Catastrophic Flash Floods on the Territory of the Ulaanbaatar Agglomeration","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s187537282305013x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s187537282305013x","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The study area is located in the Ulaanbaatar basin and is characterized by complicated environmental conditions determined by the peculiarities of an extremely continental climate with high rainfall intensity, a structural–tectonic pattern, the geological structure of the Ulaanbaatar intermountain depression, high seismic activity reaching 8 points, and the occurrence of catastrophic flash floods. In the conditions of rapid urban expansion, the high population density and housing development of Ulaanbaatar, and the implementation of large investment projects, it is an urgent task to assess the exogeodynamic hazard of the Ulaanbaatar catchment basin and develop the concept of geoecological safety of the territory. These methods and approaches consist of combining a complex of methods of engineering geology and geomorphology: monitoring the dynamics of exogenous processes; environmental assessment; the analysis of development factors (climatic, geomorphologic, tectonic, and lithological) and interaction of processes; laboratory methods of analyzing the composition, structure, and properties of soils; a detailed morphometric analysis of catchment areas; and the application of the basin approach. Based on the analysis of topographic maps on a scale of 1 : 50 000 and of digital relief models in GIS programs, the parameters of the drainage network of the catchment areas and of energy and basin geometry were calculated and reflected on map layers, and specialized maps were compiled. A detailed assessment of erosion-prone soils (composition, structure, and specific properties) revealed a moderate resistance of sediments to geodynamic impacts. As a result, maps of flood hazard of catchments under different rainfalls—short intensive heavy rainfalls and long-term rains—were compiled. The elaborated concept of geoecological safety of territories includes successive stages of works aimed at (a) identifying the exogeodynamic hazard, (b) the organization and implementation of monitoring works, (c) assessing geoecological safety with respect to hazardous exogenous geological processes, and (d) the development of recommendations for further use and specification of information.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139476455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryogenic Landforms of the Altai Highlands (a Case Study of the Tavan Bogd National Park, Western Mongolia)","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823030071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823030071","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The transboundary part of the Altai mountains has been investigated. It is established that it is characterized by a set of geomorphological elements due to the altitudinal position, geological structure, neotectonic activity, modern and paleo-climatic conditions, and exogenous relief-forming processes. In the highlands of the Mongolian Altai, landforms associated with the formation, movement, and melting of ice are widespread. The geological activity of glaciers, the work of melt water, and the presence of permafrost give rise to bright forms. The formation of the appearance of mountain landscapes and the transformation of the surface are associated with actively ongoing slope processes: avalanches, mudflows, landslides, and rock falls. It is found that the objects of cryogenic genesis are landforms differing in scale, structure, and location. They include snow–ice and rock–ice formations, solifluction forms, areas with frost mounds (palza), polygonal and structural soils, aufeis, etc. It is concluded that the most representative objects of cryogenic genesis illustrating the geological work of ice are modern glacial complexes, rock glaciers, and rock streams. Glaciers constitute the main element of the high-mountain zone for complex conjugated cryogenic forms. In addition to them, smaller forms stand out, the formation of which is associated with the processes of soil change under the influence of permafrost and gravitational processes. Regularities are observed in the structure and arrangement of the landforms in the alpine zone. On the basis of information from field routes, satellite data interpretation, and the use of GIS capabilities, we have analyzed the distribution of cryogenic landforms. Material is prepared on the basis of working with a digital elevation model. A list (catalog) of natural cryogenic objects of different categories identified within the Altai Tavan Bogd National Park has been compiled. The study confirms that the landforms of the highlands are of interest for further study, the replenishment of the catalog of objects, and the development of thematic tourism.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138826967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Ecological and Economic Relationships in the Forest Complex on the Basis of Assessing the Assimilation Service of Forest Capital","authors":"S. D. Puntsukova","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823020117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823020117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135142639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Urban Terrain on Traffic Noise Propagation (a Case Study of Moscow)","authors":"S. V. Kharchenko, A. R. Mukhametshin, N. V. Anikina, M. A. Bykanova","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823020075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823020075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135144174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollutant Discharge and Water Quality in the Don River Basin","authors":"A. P. Demin, A. V. Zaitseva","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823020051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823020051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135142631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Territorial Combinations of Extreme Natural Processes and Dangerous Phenomena in Pacific Russia","authors":"P. Ya. Baklanov, S. M. Govorushko, G. G. Tkachenko, S. M. Krasnopeev","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823020026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823020026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135142636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continental–Oceanic Dynamics of Russia at the Beginning of the 21st Century","authors":"L. A. Bezrukov","doi":"10.1134/s1875372823020038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372823020038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44739,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135142634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}