SophiaPub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.1007/s11841-023-00999-4
Petra Carlsson
{"title":"How to Move Beyond the Human","authors":"Petra Carlsson","doi":"10.1007/s11841-023-00999-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-023-00999-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article briefly introduces an academic debate between two different responses to the predicament of the human in the ecological crisis, namely the object-oriented ontology and the vitalist response to that approach. Based on that introduction, it argues for the need of a complementing analytical tool and sketches the contours of such a tool by suggesting an epistemological tactic for a decolonizing human distinctiveness. The article suggests an analytical maneuver to be used by scholars who aim at decolonizing nature from human oppression, a tool that enables illumination and critical scrutiny of the epistemological role of the human as one stage toward destabilizing the notion of human distinctiveness. The article, thus, introduces an approach where human distinctiveness is not understood as a factual distinctiveness—not an essential difference between the human and the nonhuman world—but where human distinctiveness is critically viewed as a discursive role in theoretical work, a role that can be temporarily put to use by the scholar as a decolonizing epistemological tactic. In other words, human distinctiveness is here tactically used as a tool to critically scrutinize the idea of human distinctiveness rather than to safeguard it.</p>","PeriodicalId":44736,"journal":{"name":"Sophia","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SophiaPub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.1007/s11841-023-00996-7
David Gawthorne
{"title":"Back to the Supernatural via the Posthumanist Turn","authors":"David Gawthorne","doi":"10.1007/s11841-023-00996-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-023-00996-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44736,"journal":{"name":"Sophia","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SophiaPub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1007/s11841-023-00997-6
Mona Jahangiri, Muhammad U. Faruque
{"title":"Toward a Neuro-ethics in Islamic Philosophy: Trauma, Memory, and Personal Identity","authors":"Mona Jahangiri, Muhammad U. Faruque","doi":"10.1007/s11841-023-00997-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-023-00997-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study deals specifically with one of the most relevant issues in neuro-ethics, namely the philosophical classification of so-called memory dampening, which refers to the attenuation of traumatic memories with the help of medication. Numerous neuroethical questions emerge from this issue. For example, how is a person’s identity affected by using such drugs? Does one still remain the same person? Would propranolol, for example, as a memory-dampening agent lead to a fundamental change in one’s identity? Are not a person’s negative memories also part of their identity and present personality? These questions are examined from the perspective of the seventeenth-century Islamic philosopher, Mullā Ṣadrā. The goal is to shed light on the neuroethical foundations of memory dampening and personal identity from an Islamic philosophical perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":44736,"journal":{"name":"Sophia","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139375331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SophiaPub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1307
Astrith Eugenia Rincón Sánchez, Iván Alfonso Pinedo Cantillo, Vladimir Ramírez Tarazona
{"title":"Aporte pedagógico del Aprendizaje Basado en Desafíos a la formación de los administradores de empresas: una revisión sistemática de la literatura (2019-2023)","authors":"Astrith Eugenia Rincón Sánchez, Iván Alfonso Pinedo Cantillo, Vladimir Ramírez Tarazona","doi":"10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1307","url":null,"abstract":"La educación en la sociedad del conocimiento se enfrenta a enormes retos que deben ser afrontados bajo la perspectiva de la innovación pedagógica y didáctica. En esta época de cambios el Aprendizaje Basado en Desafíos se erige como una orientación oportuna para el mejoramiento de las prácticas de enseñanza y aprendizaje, particularmente en los programas de administración de empresas ofertados en instituciones de educación superior. Si bien el CBL es una metodología que en los últimos años se ha venido desarrollando en distintas áreas del conocimiento, en las ciencias económicas y administrativas aún se desconoce todo el potencial que este enfoque tiene para ofrecer a la formación universitaria. Siendo esto así, este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre el aporte pedagógico del Challenge-Based Learning a la formación de nuevos administradores de empresas en la educación superior, de tal forma que puedan responder a las necesidades de las organizaciones del presente y del futuro. Se realiza un estudio descriptivo analizando las investigaciones publicadas desde el año 2019 hasta el 2023, siguiendo las directrices Prisma. Se revisaron 82 artículos utilizando una matriz temática cualitativa. Los resultados describen los beneficios de la integración del aprendizaje basado en desafíos en la estructura pedagógica de los programas de administración de empresas. Con esta investigación se aporta al estado del arte de un aspecto relevante que se abre paso en la educación superior en América Latina.","PeriodicalId":44736,"journal":{"name":"Sophia","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139004466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SophiaPub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1197
July Tatiana Gutiérrez Jiménez, Eliécer Aldana Bermúdez, Linda Poleth Montiel Buriticá
{"title":"Aprendizaje del Sistema Métrico Decimal en el modelo Escuela Nueva y Graduada. Una Configuración Epistémica.","authors":"July Tatiana Gutiérrez Jiménez, Eliécer Aldana Bermúdez, Linda Poleth Montiel Buriticá","doi":"10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1197","url":null,"abstract":"Esta investigación tuvo como propósito, identificar las dificultades, errores y obstáculos, que estaban presentes en el proceso de aprendizaje del sistema métrico decimal, en los estudiantes de quinto grado bajo el modelo escuela nueva y grado sexto bajo el modelo escuela graduada de dos Instituciones Educativas del departamento del Quindío: La Popa, del municipio de La Tebaida y El Caimo del municipio de Armenia; mediante la aplicación y el análisis de una tarea diagnóstico, con la finalidad de describir una configuración epistémica focalizada en los elementos de los significados institucionales pretendidos más oportunos del sistema métrico decimal, articulando los dos modelos educativos. Este estudio se desarrolló bajo la metodología cualitativa de Bisquerra (2004), pues se dio a conocer cómo los estudiantes construían los significados personales y mediante ese proceso cómo llegaban a los significados institucionales, en lo cual se involucró el aspecto cognitivo y emocional. Por consiguiente, se pudo concluir, que mediante la elaboración de la configuración epistémica y la construcción de unas funciones semióticas se llegó a la comprensión del sistema métrico decimal.","PeriodicalId":44736,"journal":{"name":"Sophia","volume":"147 5‐6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SophiaPub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1289
Alejandra Dalila Rico Molano
{"title":"Enseñar a Investigar en la Formación Docente Posgradual de Maestros/as de la Educación Básica Secundaria en Colombia","authors":"Alejandra Dalila Rico Molano","doi":"10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18634/sophiaj.19v.2i.1289","url":null,"abstract":"Se expone este artículo para hacer un análisis del recorrido formativo de los/as maestros/as que deciden continuar su preparación docente como magister en educación, en particular, hablar de cómo se enseña a investigar en este nivel formativo. Se recuperan las rutas y metodologías creadas e implementadas por los/as formadores/as de docentes para enseñar a investigar, partiendo del reconocimiento que en la enseñanza se producen saberes específicos de la transmisión por parte de quienes enseñan. Además, se recuperan algunas reflexiones —de las/os maestras/os que se forman— acerca del aprendizaje en investigación. Estos análisis se anclan en una cadena de proyectos —que han sido desarrollados para investigar el campo de formación docente en Colombia— resultantes de la investigación doctoral “Vínculos existentes entre la formación docente posgradual y el oficio de ser maestros/as de primaria y bachillerato en dos ciudades de Colombia: Pasto y Valledupar”. Sin embargo, esta andanza reflexiva y crítica se limita a exponer los resultados investigativos de uno de esos proyectos: “Comprensiones narrativas de la investigación en la formación docente en posgrados” desarrollado entre el 2018 y 2019. La obtención y análisis de datos se realizó a partir de relatos narrativos a tres maestras egresadas de una Maestría en Educación. Los análisis que se develan sobre la enseñanza de la investigación tienen que ver con la necesidad de poder involucrarla en las prácticas docentes, en el ejercicio de enseñar un conocimiento desde otros lugares e incorporar nuevos elementos pedagógicos, didácticos e investigativos al ejercicio docente cotidiano.","PeriodicalId":44736,"journal":{"name":"Sophia","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SophiaPub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.1007/s11841-023-00989-6
Noreen Herzfeld
{"title":"Is Your Computer Lying? AI and Deception","authors":"Noreen Herzfeld","doi":"10.1007/s11841-023-00989-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-023-00989-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent developments in AI, especially the spectacular success of Large Language models, have instigated renewed questioning of what remains distinctively human. As AI stands poised to take over more and more human tasks, what is left that distinguishes humans? One way we might identify a humanlike intelligence would be when we detect it telling lies. Yet AIs lack both the intention and the motivation to truly tell lies, instead producing merely bullshit. With neither emotions, embodiment, nor the social awareness that leads to a theory of mind, AIs lack the internal referents on which to judge truth or falsity. When we are deceived by our computers, we need to look for the hidden agent who benefits from the deception.</p>","PeriodicalId":44736,"journal":{"name":"Sophia","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SophiaPub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.1007/s11841-023-00990-z
Kocku von Stuckrad
{"title":"Decentering Humanism in Philosophy and the Sciences: Ecologies of Agency, Subversive Animism, and Diffractional Knowledge","authors":"Kocku von Stuckrad","doi":"10.1007/s11841-023-00990-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-023-00990-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The idea that humans are clearly distinguished from other animals and from the natural world in general is a cornerstone of European philosophy and culture at least from the sixteenth century onward. Often, this idea is related to understandings of ‘humanism’ that emerged in that period and legitimized regimes of power and control over non-European cultures; it also sanctioned the exploitation of the natural world in the form of extractive capitalism. Critiques of Eurocentric mindsets hinge on certain understandings of ‘humanism,’ arguing for a transformation or even abandoning of humanist traditions in the sense of ‘posthumanism’ or ‘critical posthumanities.’ In their selective interpretation of European humanism—exemplified with Immanuel Kant’s philosophy—the current critique shows elements of an Occidentalist construction of humanism. If we want to overcome the idea that humans—and within that group particularly the white, male, educated Europeans—are the ‘masters of the world,’ we are confronted with conceptual challenges that need philosophical and theoretical reflection. The ontological and epistemological implications of non-anthropocentric ways of thinking and knowing provide a clear alternative to some problematic aspects of European philosophy and humanism. Engaging with new interpretations of other-than-human agency, relational understandings of animism, and intra-active production of knowledge can provide a relevant contribution to the ongoing discussion across intellectual, cultural, and political fields, an approach that takes the specificity of human animals seriously without identifying them as the center of knowledge and power.</p>","PeriodicalId":44736,"journal":{"name":"Sophia","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}