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An Empirical Investigation on the Determinants of International Migration 国际移民决定因素的实证研究
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0038
Domenico Suppa, Salvatore D’Acunto, Francesco Schettino
{"title":"An Empirical Investigation on the Determinants of International Migration","authors":"Domenico Suppa, Salvatore D’Acunto, Francesco Schettino","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Are differences in per capita income between countries really the main cause of migratory flows? Mainstream economic thinking would give an affirmative answer. In the light of the heterodox literature, in this article, the authors critically evaluate this view and then they conduct an empirical test (applying panel and dynamic panel models) on data relating to the stocks of migrants on 232 countries from 1990 to 2019, trying to explain migration trends based on social-political, cultural, demographic and economic variables (obtained by integrating 4 official datasets). The results reveal a non-unique influence of differences in per capita income on migratory flows: up to a certain threshold (around $27,000) migration appears to be directly related to per capita GDP of migrants’ country of origin. Furthermore, the pre-existing stock of migrants in the country of destination takes on an important role, in line with the findings of the literature on migratory chains. These empirical findings could contribute to improve migration policies.","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135874275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determinants of Military Spending in Africa: Do Institutions Matter? 非洲军费开支的决定因素:制度重要吗?
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0014
Arsène Aurelien Njamen Kengdo, Tii N. Nchofoung, Alice Kos A Mougnol
{"title":"Determinants of Military Spending in Africa: Do Institutions Matter?","authors":"Arsène Aurelien Njamen Kengdo, Tii N. Nchofoung, Alice Kos A Mougnol","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper focuses on the determinants of military spending in Africa by considering the role played by institutions. With data obtained between the years 1996–2019, the Driscoll and Kraay fixed effects, the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM), and the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) estimators are used. The findings suggest that government size, trade freedom, economic risk, and political risk decrease military spending, whereas government stability and military involvement in politics are found to raise it. Using alternative institutional variables, we find that corruption, government effectiveness, political stability, regulatory quality, the rule of law, and voice and accountability significantly diminish military spending in Africa. In addition, concerning the economic determinants, the results reveal that trade openness and total natural resource rents reduce military spending, while GDP per capita, inflation, and foreign debt stocks increase it. Looking at strategic determinants, arms imports, urban population, and ethnic tensions positively affect African military expenditures. Robustness checks show that these results change once regional specificities are considered. The study concludes that institutional factors could be an engine for evolution in Africa’s military spending.","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136107056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The European Union and Achieving Peace in Ukraine 欧盟与乌克兰实现和平
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0055
Giacomo Corneo
{"title":"The European Union and Achieving Peace in Ukraine","authors":"Giacomo Corneo","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-0055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The war between Ukraine and Russia does not only harm their respective populations: the rest of Europe is heavily affected. While some welfare losses for the EU are salient, the most significant one is not: it is the risk that the war escalates into a major nuclear conflict. A promising policy to minimize those losses exploits the desire of both Ukrainians and Russians to join the EU. I propose that they should if they immediately cease all fighting and subscribe to a distinctive, incentive-compatible, peace agreement brokered by the EU. Such an agreement would come at small costs to the EU, costs that would vanish in comparison to the risk of nuclear holocaust.","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136077615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do Remittances and Terrorism Impact Each Other? 汇款和恐怖主义是否相互影响?
IF 1
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0036
H. Kratou, Thierry Yogo
{"title":"Do Remittances and Terrorism Impact Each Other?","authors":"H. Kratou, Thierry Yogo","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Current studies do not conclusively tell us whether there is a causal relationship between remittances and terrorism. Yet, this question is important because the answer has clear implications for the way remittances are monitored and handled. Hence, with this paper, we move a step closer to a definitive answer by studying the impact of remittances on specific terrorist events in 180 countries over the period 1970–2020. We also look in reverse at whether acts of terrorism attract remittances. From event-study analysis and a panel vector autoregression model, Granger causality tests, and a Cholesky decomposition to isolate shocks, we find that we can neither reject the hypothesis that remittances do not Granger-cause terrorism nor reject that terrorism does not Granger-cause remittances. We also find that terrorism response to remittances shock is negative. These findings do not support previous studies that show remittances could be used to fund terrorist attacks. Further, the response of remittance to terrorism shock is null, excepting for Latin America which shows a statistical negative effect. Remittances in Latin America do not appear to respond to conflict. Some of our findings are new, others contradict a large stream of literature (i.e. remittances as a potential source of financing). The insights should be useful to policymakers to facilitate the flow of remittances that result in more disposable income of recipient families and possibly help households to cope with the financial loss of terrorist activity.","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44041495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frontmatter 头版头条
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-frontmatter3
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-frontmatter3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-frontmatter3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entrepreneurial Pathways to Peacemaking 建立和平的创业之路
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0019
Christopher J. Coyne, Michael R. Romero, Virgil Henry Storr
{"title":"Entrepreneurial Pathways to Peacemaking","authors":"Christopher J. Coyne, Michael R. Romero, Virgil Henry Storr","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Violent conflict is a global phenomenon with devastating costs to individuals and their communities. Government experts and policymakers have responded with efforts to reduce violence and make peace. Such efforts are often implemented from the top-down, however, and are consequently limited in their peacemaking capacities. Top-down peacemaking is limited because it is typically done by community outsiders who simply lack the knowledge and capabilities to systematically plan and make peace in diverse societies throughout the world. We discuss a bottom-up alternative to peacemaking grounded in entrepreneurship. We argue that entrepreneurs make peace by (a) offering individuals a peaceful means to acquire the things they desire, (b) establishing commercial links across (social and geographic) distances, and, in so doing, (c) helping to cultivate habits of peacefulness.","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135215431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Does Geopolitical Risk Influence China’s Defence Sector Returns? 地缘政治风险会影响中国国防行业回报吗?
IF 1
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0027
Yu Wang, Yun Liu
{"title":"Does Geopolitical Risk Influence China’s Defence Sector Returns?","authors":"Yu Wang, Yun Liu","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study utilizes a rolling window Granger test to investigate how global geopolitical tension affects returns in China’s defence sector. The results reveal a highly dynamic and nonlinear relationship between geopolitical risk and the industry’s stock market performance. Notably, our findings suggest that geopolitical risk has recently become a significant predictor of the market return of the defence sector. These results contribute to the existing literature on the impact of geopolitical uncertainties on China’s financial markets and offer new insights into the relationship between international security and the stock market performance of defence contractors. We discuss the implications of this research at the end.","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47828566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frontmatter 头版头条
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-frontmatter2
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-frontmatter2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-frontmatter2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135382304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In NATO We Trust(?): The Russian Invasion of Ukraine and EU27 Citizens’ Trust in NATO 我们信任北约（？）：俄罗斯入侵乌克兰和欧盟27国公民对北约的信任
IF 1
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0029
Athina Economou, C. Kollias
{"title":"In NATO We Trust(?): The Russian Invasion of Ukraine and EU27 Citizens’ Trust in NATO","authors":"Athina Economou, C. Kollias","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Institutional trust is trust in state’s institutions and organizations. Institutional trust also involves trust towards international and intergovernmental organizations such as the UN, the EU and NATO. Institutional trust includes citizens’ trust towards the national security apparatus or security providing organizations such as NATO. The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine is a major event with wide-ranging momentous political, economic and strategic ramifications. The latter affect European states’ security and defence. Such important events impact citizens’ risk-perceptions (in)security sentiments and hence their trust towards institutions assigned with the task of providing security. The paper examines how the Russian invasion has affected European citizens’ trust towards NATO. To probe into the issue, it uses data from two Eurobarometer surveys. A survey that took place just before the invasion in January and February 2022 and a survey that took place in June and July. A similar to regression discontinuity empirical setup is adopted to examine how European citizens’ trust towards NATO was impacted by the invasion. The empirical findings reported herein are not uniform across all EU member-countries and indicate noteworthy differences on trust towards NATO as a result of the Russian invasion. Nonetheless, on balance, a statistically significant effect is traced by the estimated regressions.","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":"29 1","pages":"129 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46753877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
6th Walter Isard Annual Award for the Best Article in Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy 第六届沃尔特·伊萨德和平经济学和平科学与公共政策年度最佳文章奖
IF 1
Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1515/peps-2023-0031
Raul Caruso
{"title":"6th Walter Isard Annual Award for the Best Article in Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","authors":"Raul Caruso","doi":"10.1515/peps-2023-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2023-0031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44635,"journal":{"name":"Peace Economics Peace Science and Public Policy","volume":"29 1","pages":"95 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41716792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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