War in History最新文献

{"title":"Book Review: Faustian Bargain: The Soviet-German Partnership and the Origins of the Second World War by Ian Ona Johnson","authors":"R. Overy","doi":"10.1177/09683445231183773d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231183773d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"344 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43655299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Innovating Victory: Naval Technology in Three Wars by Vincent P. O’Hara and Leonard R. Heinz","authors":"Kendrick Kuo","doi":"10.1177/09683445231183773a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231183773a","url":null,"abstract":"written an important book which not only pays more attention than is usual to some of Spain’s fighting units (including the Army of Flanders after 1659), but also – more important – makes clear that Spain remained a key player in the international struggle, as actor rather than passive victim, operating on more fronts than most other contenders in the wars of the period. There is no excuse now for writing off – ignoring – Spain as a military power in the last decades of the seventeenth century; we may also have to reassess the military achievement of Carlos II’s Bourbon successor, Philip V, in the first half of the following century.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"339 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45373751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Los Ultimos Tercios. El Ejercito de Carlos II by Davide Maffi","authors":"Christopher Storrs","doi":"10.1177/09683445231183773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231183773","url":null,"abstract":"The supposedly decrepit condition of Spain under the last Habsburg, Carlos II (1665-1700) is among the most entrenched of historical commonplaces: apparently unable to defend itself, Spain only survived because others intervened to save it from Louis XIV until its defensive capability was transformed by the new Bourbon dynasty in the eighteenth century. Evidence for this view is found, inter alia in the performance of Spain’s armies. In the sixteenth century Spanish hegemony had rested on its distinctive tercios, but all had come to grief at Rocroi in 1643 in the reign of Carlos II’s father, Philip IV. Worse was to follow under Carlos, with defeats in Flanders, in Italy, and in Spain itself, where in 1697 Louis XIV’s forces captured Barcelona. In recent decades, however, revisionist historians – including Luis Ribot, Antonio Rodriguez Hernandez and Davide Maffi – have exploited the extensive source materials in the Guerra Antigua series at Simancas to question the received opinion on Spain’s military performance in the last third of the seventeenth century. In the book under review Maffi uses this work to provide a synthesis which challenges virtually every aspect of a ‘black legend’ about Spain’s armies in this period. Chapter 1 provides a narrative of the performance of Spain’s armies from the War of Devolution (1667–1668) to the Nine Years War (1688– 1697). This broadly chronological and often detailed survey underpins the more analytical chapters which follow and allows Maffi to advance some preliminary revisionist claims regarding the participation in those conflicts of the Spanish armies – and of the Dutch, English, French and Imperial armies. While Spanish intervention was crucial on occasion, the broader implication is clear: the importance of the Spanish contribution to the overall success of the allies on many fronts in confronting and restraining Louis XIV before 1700. Chapter 2 begins with an invaluable discussion of the character of European warfare in the period – one which all interested in that broad topic will find useful – in part in order to refute those who see Spanish avoidance of battle as indicative of some fundamental lack of martial spirit. Not so, says Maffi, it was driven by a prudent wish to conserve resources which informed the mindset as well of Austrian, Dutch, English and French commanders. Sieges and ‘little war’ were what war was about. Book Reviews","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"337 - 339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47930560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hermann von Boyen the Elder and his Impact on the Prussian Army After 1815","authors":"Jacek Jędrysiak","doi":"10.1177/09683445231180247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231180247","url":null,"abstract":"Author of Hermann von Boyen's biography, Friedrich Meinecke stated that the contributions of Prussian twice (1815–1819 and 1841–1847) Minister of War to the military theory were almost completely forgotten. Despite the existence of many thousands of manuscript pages, this opinion is still considered valid to this day. The chief architect of the Landwehr system was also the founder of the concept of the ‘defence system’, crucial to understanding Prussian military thought in the first half of the nineteenth century. This idea influenced, in my opinion, the way of thinking about warfare within the Prussian Army far more than the Carl von Clausewitz's Vom Kriege.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43995803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between Preventive Attack and Collaboration: British Military Planning on Spain, 1940–1944","authors":"J. J. Díaz Benítez","doi":"10.1177/09683445231161311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231161311","url":null,"abstract":"In the early stages of the Second World War, Spanish dictator Francisco Franco and key regime figures were tempted to enter the war on the Axis side. This temptation was a serious concern for British wartime strategy. This article studies the British military operations prepared to confront the possibility of Spain entering the war between 1940 and 1944. These operations aimed to protect Gibraltar, maintain access through the Strait of Gibraltar, and reduce the Axis threat to maritime communications in the eastern Atlantic. The article sheds new light on three issues: the balance of advantages and disadvantages that the plans entailed and the preparations to carry them out; the simultaneity of planned operations to cooperate with the Spanish Armed Forces and ones to confront them; and the importance of Spanish non-belligerence as a differential factor with respect to other neutral European countries.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46955174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transformation of Cattle Feet to Torpedo Oil: A Case Study in Nazi German Wartime Recycling","authors":"Chad B. Denton","doi":"10.1177/09683445231161309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231161309","url":null,"abstract":"In January 1940, the Wehrmacht had only a two-month supply of torpedo oil, an irreplaceable lubricant derived solely from the feet and shinbones of slaughtered cattle. The Wehrmacht resolved this shortage by appointing the man responsible for its supply during the First World War: Alfons Knetsch. This case study shows not only the importance of knowledge transfer from one war to the other but also how competing industrial interests shaped Nazi recycling policy and how an efficient, vigorously managed recycling organization could buy time for the research and development of substitutes, overcoming seemingly impossible raw material bottlenecks.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43023921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Emergence of Maritime Polity in Goa (Tenth Century to Fifteenth Century CE )","authors":"Nagendra Rao","doi":"10.1177/09683445231161225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231161225","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars, who studied the nature of the Goa Kadamba polity, did not comprehend the fact that the Goa Kadambas exhibited the features of not only coastal polity but also maritime polity. At the same time, we accept the contention that the Shilaharas represented coastal polity while it lacked the features of a maritime polity. We support our argument by using the inscriptional data and foreign travelogue accounts, which exhibit the attempt of the Goa Kadambas to protect their maritime trade interest through their alliance with the Arab traders and maintaining a navy.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46704730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Exiting War. The British Empire and the 1918–20 moment by Romain Fathi, Margaret Hutchison, Andrekos Varnava, and Michael J. K. Walsh","authors":"A. Maguire, Queen Mary","doi":"10.1177/09683445231160224d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231160224d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"226 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42701953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Return to Vietnam: An Oral History of American and Australian Veterans’ Journeys by Mia Martin Hobbs","authors":"Effie Karageorgos","doi":"10.1177/09683445231160224g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231160224g","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"230 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47190114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Blood and Ruins: The Great Imperial War 1931–1945 by Richard Overy","authors":"J. Crang","doi":"10.1177/09683445231160224e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231160224e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"227 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48281274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}