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Through Artillery from Thrust to Fire: How Prussian Military Thinking Anticipated Emergent Warfare in 1870 通过火炮从推进到开火：普鲁士军事思想如何预见1870年的紧急战争
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231193878
Thorsten Loch, Agilolf Kesselring
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引用次数: 0
‘Boys, Don’t Be Conscripted!’: Military Service and Cultural Perceptions of the Draftee in America, 1917–1918 “孩子们，不要应征入伍!”: 1917-1918年美国应征入伍者的兵役和文化观念
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231196534
Sebastian H. Lukasik
{"title":"‘Boys, Don’t Be Conscripted!’: Military Service and Cultural Perceptions of the Draftee in America, 1917–1918","authors":"Sebastian H. Lukasik","doi":"10.1177/09683445231196534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231196534","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the dominant cultural perceptions of the draftee in America during the First World War. It argues that the cultural stigma Americans attached to the stock figure of the draftee functioned as a significant source of opposition to the Selective Service System the US government implemented in 1917 as its primary means of mobilizing military manpower. Ultimately, the cultural stigmatization of the draftee merged with other currents of opposition to conscription as a major barrier to the successful implementation of the draft in the years 1917–1918.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42247733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Becoming Chilean: Hipólito Gutiérrez and the Construction of Chilean National Identity During the War of the Pacific (1879–1881) 成为智利人：Hipólito Gutiérrez与太平洋战争期间智利民族身份的建构（1879–1881）
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231194038
Stefan Aguirre Quiroga
{"title":"Becoming Chilean: Hipólito Gutiérrez and the Construction of Chilean National Identity During the War of the Pacific (1879–1881)","authors":"Stefan Aguirre Quiroga","doi":"10.1177/09683445231194038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231194038","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates a memoir written in 1881 by Hipólito Gutiérrez, a semi-literate man from rural Chile, about his experiences as a soldier in the War of the Pacific (1879–1884). Through a microhistorical approach, it seeks to contextualize the memoir with the aim of uncovering how Gutiérrez constructed himself to be Chilean through his participation in the war. Unlike assessments made by past scholars, Gutiérrez cannot be considered representative of Chilean peasant-soldiers. The memoir provides a window into which researchers can see agency in action by a subaltern actor and how national identity is constructed from below.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46171522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perplexities Between Enemy Aliens and Their Motherland: The UK Government's Measures for British Civilians Stranded in the Far East, 1941–2011 敌国侨民与祖国之间的困惑:英国政府对被困在远东的英国平民的措施，1941-2011
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231193882
Chan Yang
{"title":"Perplexities Between Enemy Aliens and Their Motherland: The UK Government's Measures for British Civilians Stranded in the Far East, 1941–2011","authors":"Chan Yang","doi":"10.1177/09683445231193882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231193882","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the British government’s measures for its civilian subjects stranded as ‘enemy aliens’ in Japanese-controlled areas in the Far East during World War II. The British government tried to protect the interests of these Far Eastern subjects during the war and in the immediate postwar period. Its manner of dealing with the latter’s redress movement from the late 1980s was initially reluctant but eventually became relatively adequate, thanks to the twin pressures of domestic public opinion and precedents set by other former Allied governments and the resolute struggles of the ex–Far Eastern subjects themselves.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44936276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Neglected Campaign: The Italian Navy Contribution to the Siege of Leningrad 被忽视的战役：意大利海军对列宁格勒围城战的贡献
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231181897
Massimiliano Fiore
{"title":"The Neglected Campaign: The Italian Navy Contribution to the Siege of Leningrad","authors":"Massimiliano Fiore","doi":"10.1177/09683445231181897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231181897","url":null,"abstract":"German and Finnish forces encircled Leningrad in the fall of 1941, but were unable to complete the siege. A passage across Lake Ladoga, through which the Soviets sustained the defence of the city, remained open. To enforce the siege, the German Maritime Warfare Command ordered that light naval forces be transferred to Lake Ladoga. However, the Germans did not have those boats at their disposal and asked the Italians to provide them. Based on a critique of archival sources, this article analyses this largely neglected aspect of the Leningrad campaign and argues that, although the performance of the Regia Marina was excellent, its activity was not decisive in breaking Soviet resistance and forcing the fall of Leningrad. Even though circumstances prevented the Regia Marina from making the impact that its planners had wanted – a naval guerrilla force on Lake Ladoga could never have achieved a tight blockade of Leningrad – the campaign on Lake Ladoga offers an important and enlightening example of Axis wartime collaboration.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43338303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book Review: War in the Far East: Japan Runs Wild, 1942–1943 by Peter Harmsen 书评:彼得·哈姆森的《远东战争:日本失控，1942-1943》
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231183773e
Sarah L. Miller
{"title":"Book Review: War in the Far East: Japan Runs Wild, 1942–1943 by Peter Harmsen","authors":"Sarah L. Miller","doi":"10.1177/09683445231183773e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231183773e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"346 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45627008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book Review: The War for the Seas: A Maritime History of World War II by Evan Mawdsley 书评:《海洋之战:第二次世界大战的航海史》，作者:埃文·莫兹利
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231183773c
Tim Benbow
{"title":"Book Review: The War for the Seas: A Maritime History of World War II by Evan Mawdsley","authors":"Tim Benbow","doi":"10.1177/09683445231183773c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231183773c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"343 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46502965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book Review: The Road to Dien Bien Phu: A History of the First War for Vietnam by Christopher Goscha 书评：Christopher Goscha的《通往奠边府之路：越南第一次战争史》
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231183773g
Nathaniel L. Moir
{"title":"Book Review: The Road to Dien Bien Phu: A History of the First War for Vietnam by Christopher Goscha","authors":"Nathaniel L. Moir","doi":"10.1177/09683445231183773g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231183773g","url":null,"abstract":"the insularity of Irish revisionist debates, citing Ian McBride’s recent criticism of some historians of Irish history for failing to place their work within wider theoretical or comparative frameworks (p.169). However, a weakness of Morrison’s book is that it too suffers from insularity. The extensive reflections in the last two chapters on the entrenched, sometimes personalised, disputes between historians of Ireland risk losing the interest of the military historian or general reader (especially those coming to the topic for the first time). A promising discussion of Alistair Thomson’s work on the ANZAC myth is not developed, neither is a brief reference to the killing of prisoners during the First World War (pp.170, 127). The reader does not learn how the killing at Kilmichael resembles or deviates from other guerrilla campaigns or close combat experiences. The scholarship of Erella Grassiani and Anthony King on combat motivation, cohesion and close combat would have been a good starting point. Retrospective accounts of false surrenders have also characterised controversial killings during the NATO-led campaign in Afghanistan (and many other conflicts). Nonetheless, Morrison has provided an outstanding excavation of one of the most contested days in Ireland’s war for independence.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"349 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48138316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book Review: Internment in Switzerland during the First World War by Susan Barton 书评：第一次世界大战期间在瑞士的实习
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231183773b
A. Malpass
{"title":"Book Review: Internment in Switzerland during the First World War by Susan Barton","authors":"A. Malpass","doi":"10.1177/09683445231183773b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231183773b","url":null,"abstract":"requirements of different services and domains (e.g. carrier versus land-based aircraft). Thirdly, the book challenges popular understandings of the nature of conservativism in naval organizations. Resistance to innovation stems less from vested interests in the status quo and more from lacking systems to decipher strategic uncertainty and make difficult choices among a confusing and wide range of alternatives. This is understandable. There can be an inherent contradiction between what a navy needs right now and the technologies it needs later but that have long gestation periods. Moreover, technologies such as searchlights, shipborne rockets, and rams were dead ends. In addition, countermeasures can be relatively cheap and easily deployable against a now-promising technology. The simple fact that each of the book’s case studies span more than a century of testing and development reinforces these intuitions. Since technological trajectories are so difficult to anticipate, prudent stewardship of national treasure and power demand prolonged testing and listening to feedback from users, especially as technical complexity intensifies. Innovating Victory will appeal to several audiences. Historians of technology will appreciate the way each naval technology developed in relatively unpredictable ways under varying pressures ranging from strategic context to organizational culture. O’Hara and Heinz also consistently emphasize the importance of users and user innovation in determining technological trajectories—another significant theme in technology and culture studies. For political scientists, the case studies blend a mix of top-down and bottom-up innovation processes, a dominant approach in military innovation studies. Finally, for policymakers, the book can increase awareness that emerging technologies today will likely take decades to mature, and inevitably be used in unexpected ways to address unanticipated needs.","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"341 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43836041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book Review: Kilmichael: The Life and Afterlife of An Ambush by Eve Morrison 书评：伊芙·莫里森的《基尔迈克尔：伏击的一生与余生》
IF 0.3 4区 社会学
War in History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/09683445231183773f
Edward Burke
{"title":"Book Review: Kilmichael: The Life and Afterlife of An Ambush by Eve Morrison","authors":"Edward Burke","doi":"10.1177/09683445231183773f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09683445231183773f","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44606,"journal":{"name":"War in History","volume":"30 1","pages":"347 - 349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44138636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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