Tire Science and Technology最新文献_第5页

Elimination of Stray Forces from Tire Dynamics Measurements or Beware the Backpath 从轮胎动力学测量中消除杂散力或小心回道

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-08-04 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.20027

G. R. Potts

{"title":"Elimination of Stray Forces from Tire Dynamics Measurements or Beware the Backpath","authors":"G. R. Potts","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.20027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.20027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The forces that enter the mounted tire spindle of laboratory-type tire dynamics test machines include the following items: (1) direct tire-generated forces, tire nonuniformities, and tread pattern vibrations; (2) direct tire-transmitted rough road surface or cleat impact forces; (3) direct machine resonance-amplified versions of items 1 and 2; (4) machine frame backpath-transmitted versions of items 1–3; (5) dynamic loadcell crosstalk; (6) external noise from foundation vibrations; and (7) adjacent load station vibrations traveling through the machine frame. Although items 1 and 2 are sought in spindle vibration measurements, items 3–7 are also included in the mix and confound the measurement, confusing the analyst into thinking that machine properties are tire properties. Not only do items 3–6 not exist in vehicle operation but also comparison of results from one test machine to another can be an exercise in comparing machine to machine, not tire to tire. Tire dynamics measurements should simulate tires in roadway operation, not create a whole new set of problems that do not exist in vehicles. Elimination of item 7 paved the way to developing a tire failure warning system that operates on tire endurance test machines and can be adapted for operation on passenger vehicles to warn the driver of tire trouble. This article develops the theory of stray force measurement, describes a method for eliminating stray forces from experimental tire dynamics data, and provides experimental verification of the effectiveness of these methods.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46882110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Different Road Obstacles on the Structural Behavior of a Honeycomb Nonpneumatic Tire 不同路面障碍物对蜂窝状非充气轮胎结构性能的影响

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.20017

A. Ashofteh, A. Shahdadi

{"title":"Effect of Different Road Obstacles on the Structural Behavior of a Honeycomb Nonpneumatic Tire","authors":"A. Ashofteh, A. Shahdadi","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.20017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.20017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The nonpneumatic tire (NPT), as the name suggests, is a type of tire that does not use air to support the load. Because of their outstanding advantages, such as durability and low rolling resistance, these tires have attracted much interest. The study of NPTs has drawn considerable recent attention, and some research was conducted to investigate their mechanical response. However, these studies did not consider an analysis of an NPT against obstacles. Therefore, in this article, the static and dynamic behaviors of an NPT with honeycomb structures rolling over different obstacles are investigated using numerical simulation. The flexible spokes, which are the most important part of NPTs, are assumed to have a honeycomb structure with the same cell wall thickness and angle. Based on the mesostructures hypothesis, these spokes are considered to be made of polyurethane material. To perform a more precise analysis, various parameters such as nonlinear properties of the material and contact condition are taken into account to establish the finite element model. The results, which can be used as a benchmark and are suitable for design purposes, are presented elaborately.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49214412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Nondestructive Procedure for Tire Tread Viscoelastic Characterization 一种新的轮胎胎面粘弹性无损检测方法

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.19002

A. Genovese, Sebastian Rosario Pastore

{"title":"A Novel Nondestructive Procedure for Tire Tread Viscoelastic Characterization","authors":"A. Genovese, Sebastian Rosario Pastore","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.19002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.19002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Vehicle dynamics is largely influenced by the phenomena occurring in the tire-road interface, and a great portion of these phenomena is mainly conditioned by the viscoelastic properties of the tire tread compound. It is not surprising that the possibility of obtaining the viscoelastic response of a compound by means of a nondestructive procedure is a growing research topic that affects application fields ranging from monitoring of the material performance during its entire life cycle to the quantitative analysis of product quality and repeatability of production processes. In this article, a novel nondestructive procedure for the viscoelastic characterization of tire tread compound is proposed. A portable instrument, based on instrumented indentation, was designed and prototyped with the aim to allow a real-time assessment of moduli directly on site. The testing procedure adopted to perform the test on three different compounds was described. A signal-processing procedure was developed for the identification of compound stiffness and damping parameters from which viscoelastic moduli were estimated. The results were also compared with the DMA characterization showing the same relative ranking between the compounds with a different trend in temperature due to the amount of the tests' indentation depth.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49575207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Theoretical Tire Model Considering Two-Dimensional Contact Patch for Force and Moment 考虑力和力矩二维接触片的轮胎理论模型

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.20005

Y. Nakajima, S. Hidano

引用次数: 1

Application of Transient- and Steady-State Acceleration Signals in Intelligent Tires 瞬态和稳态加速度信号在智能轮胎中的应用

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.20016

Tong Zhao, Guanqun Liang, Yan Wang, Yintao Wei

{"title":"Application of Transient- and Steady-State Acceleration Signals in Intelligent Tires","authors":"Tong Zhao, Guanqun Liang, Yan Wang, Yintao Wei","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.20016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.20016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The accelerometer-based intelligent tire has gained focus in recent years for its ability to obtain both kinematics and dynamics-related information of the tire. This paper extends the previous steady-state applications of acceleration signals, which mainly estimate tire force, sideslip, and friction coefficient from the steady-state features of acceleration waveforms, to transient acceleration applications. By using the proposed tire mixed Euler–Lagrange rolling model, it is analytically demonstrated that tire rolling acceleration can be decomposed into steady-state and transient-state components from the perspective of kinematics. It is hard to analyze the transient-state component theoretically or split it from the measured signals on real road surfaces; thus, a learning-based algorithm is developed to automatically extract discriminative features without any physical models. With this method, essential information associated with tire transient acceleration could be inferred to help improve driving safety and performance.\u0000 As the application, tire wear identification with an artificial neural network is validated to be feasible based on complete acceleration signals. The prediction accuracy reaches 98.2% under different test conditions. The proposed acceleration formation mechanism is proved to be effective in explaining tire rolling acceleration as well as guiding to acquire vital information about the tire to improve vehicle safety and performance.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical Study on the Effect of 185/65R14 Tire Rim Width on Dynamic Performance of a B Class Vehicle Model 185/65R14轮辋宽度对B级车型动态性能影响的数值研究

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.20009

S. Vaseli, M. Esfahanian

{"title":"Numerical Study on the Effect of 185/65R14 Tire Rim Width on Dynamic Performance of a B Class Vehicle Model","authors":"S. Vaseli, M. Esfahanian","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.20009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.20009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, the effect of a passenger car radial tire rim width on its force and moment characteristics (behavior) and subsequently on a vehicle dynamic performance is investigated. The study on the sensitivity of tire behavior to changing its rim width was carried out using the finite element method with the help of Abaqus. For this purpose, the finite element models of a 185/65R14 tire with two rim widths of 5.5″ and 6″ were created and compared in terms of steady-state longitudinal, steady-state lateral, transient longitudinal, and transient lateral behavior, by simulation of stiffness measuring and slip tests. To investigate the effect of rim width on vehicle dynamic performance, several road tests were simulated using a full vehicle dynamic model from CarSim. In each test, at least one of the parameters associated with the discussion of vehicle dynamic performance evaluation including brake distance, understeer gradient, vehicle slip angle, lateral deviation, and roll angle is measured. The vehicle model used is one of the B class instant vehicle models from CarSim, for which this tire size is appropriate. For all subsystems except tires, the same default values were used. For tires, the Pacejka 5.2 tire model is used. Numerical values of the coefficients of this tire model are calculated by fitting the curves of the tire forces and moments obtained from the finite element simulation of required tire tests. The results of the road test simulations have shown that the vehicle with the narrower rim has the better braking ability, but its other behavioral aspects are weaker.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41607540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isogeometric Analysis for Tire Simulations: From Mesh Generation to High Precision Results 轮胎模拟的等几何分析:从网格生成到高精度结果

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.20021

Alina Israfilova, Mario A. García, M. Kaliske

{"title":"Isogeometric Analysis for Tire Simulations: From Mesh Generation to High Precision Results","authors":"Alina Israfilova, Mario A. García, M. Kaliske","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.20021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.20021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Isogeometric analysis (IGA) has become an alternative to standard finite element analysis (FEA) in many areas of engineering. Its powerful tools for model generation and flexibility of basis functions make this relatively new approach attractive for tire analysis and its computational challenges.\u0000 This contribution summarizes the benefits of IGA for complex tire simulations starting from model generation and the subsequent transition to the environment of numerical analysis without losing accuracy at the parametrizing stage. It presents results of further development work on earlier pioneering examples of the application of IGA in pneumatic tire analysis. In addition to the analysis of vertical stiffness, for the first time, velocity and acceleration fields are addressed and compared with experimental results and standard FEA simulations, with a focus on benefits of the continuity of basis functions within the contact patch. The numerical issues that arise in IGA at the enforcement of contact and the application of inelastic materials with inclusions of reinforcing layers are studied. Moreover, the important advantages of the possibility to use higher order functions for simulations of tire maneuvers are addressed within the steady-state framework. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the capabilities of IGA. Concluding remarks on the results close the publication.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43478854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

40 Years and More of Tire Science and Technology: A History of The Tire Society 轮胎科学技术40多年：轮胎社会发展史

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-07 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.20015

J. McIntyre

{"title":"40 Years and More of Tire Science and Technology: A History of The Tire Society","authors":"J. McIntyre","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.20015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.20015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the late 1960s in the United States, public interest in motor vehicle safety was at an all-time high, resulting in the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, the Highway Safety Act, and the creation of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Around 1970, a group of industry scientists saw a need for a forum for creation of useful tire standards and dissemination of scientific knowledge about tires. This led to the formation of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Committee F-09 on tires in 1971. In 1972, the committee began publication of the journal Tire Science & Technology (TSTCA), the first peer-reviewed journal dedicated exclusively to scientific articles on tires. In 1979, ASTM ceased publication of the journal, and in 1980, members of F-09 incorporated The Tire Society to continue publication. In 1982, The Tire Society held its first annual Conference on Tire Science and Technology. Nearly 40 years later, the society has been through many changes, but the journal, the annual conference, and the core mission of encouraging and disseminating knowledge about tire science and technology remain. Through a review of documents and interviews with members of the society, this article seeks to comprehensively document the history of The Tire Society.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47566929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Empirical Tire-Wear Model for Heavy-Goods Vehicles 重型货车轮胎磨损的经验模型

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.2346/TIRE.21.20003

J. Lépine, X. Na, D. Cebon

{"title":"An Empirical Tire-Wear Model for Heavy-Goods Vehicles","authors":"J. Lépine, X. Na, D. Cebon","doi":"10.2346/TIRE.21.20003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/TIRE.21.20003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tire selection has an important impact on the operational costs of heavy-goods vehicles (HGVs). HGV tires are designed on a tradeoff between wear resistance, rolling resistance, and adhesion (skid resistance). High wear resistance tires (high mileage) are replaced less often but use more fuel during operation, and vice versa for low rolling resistance tires. Presently, finding the optimal tire to minimize replacement costs and fuel consumption (greenhouse gas emissions) is challenging due to the difficulty in predicting tire wear for a given operation, since its rate varies with different vehicle configurations (e.g., load, vehicle length, number of axles, type of axle, etc.) and road types (e.g., motorways/highways, minor roads, urban roads, etc.).\u0000 This article presents a novel empirical tire-wear model that can be used to predict the wear for multi-axle vehicles based on route data and a vehicle model. The first part of the article presents the analytical and experimental development of the model. The second part presents the experimental validation of the model based on 10 months of in-service data totaling 37,000 km of operation. The model predicts tire tread depth within 8% (average error of 2%).","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47127446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Prediction of Adhesion Friction Coefficient Using Two Different Models for Tire Tread Rubber Compounds 用两种不同模型预测轮胎胎面胶的粘附摩擦系数

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.2346/TIRE.21.20001

L. Esposito, E. Velasco, A. Marzocca

{"title":"Prediction of Adhesion Friction Coefficient Using Two Different Models for Tire Tread Rubber Compounds","authors":"L. Esposito, E. Velasco, A. Marzocca","doi":"10.2346/TIRE.21.20001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/TIRE.21.20001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Two proposed methods to determine the adhesion friction coefficient were validated by experimental results of two types of rubber compounds at different sliding velocities under dry conditions. The experimental results were measured from a linear friction tester, while the viscoelastic friction coefficient was estimated using the Persson's contact theory. Adhesive friction (model 1) was derived from the deconvolution of dry friction coefficient in two Gaussian-like curves. Interesting results were obtained using the deconvoluted method in the range of intermediate sliding velocities where preponderant contribution to the adhesion friction is replaced by the viscoelastic friction. Fitting parameter results were in good general agreement with values derived from the literature, confirming the influence of the mechanical properties of the compound and substrate texture on the proposed adhesion frictional method. The second adhesive friction model (model 2) was based on the confinement rheology of rubber chains on the contact with the asperities of the road surface. We demonstrated that acceptable adhesion friction results were achieved from a dynamic viscosity test at low frequencies, confirming the applicability of the proposed rheological model. Moreover, the relationship between the rubber composition and the modified contact layer along with the likely interphase reaction are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41695997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0