Antonio García-Amate, Laura Molero-González, Alicia Ramírez-Orellana, Juan Evangelista Trinidad-Segovia
{"title":"Dividend Puzzle: Global Evidence in Oil & Gas","authors":"Antonio García-Amate, Laura Molero-González, Alicia Ramírez-Orellana, Juan Evangelista Trinidad-Segovia","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22786","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines factors influencing dividend policy in the Oil & Gas (O&G) industry, specifically exploring differences among sectors. Altogether 203 O&G independent companies were studied during the period 2000–2022. Through a data panel, the statistical methods used cover Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), random effect, logit, and probit. The analysis by sectors, as well as the consideration of market shocks, provide more information. The results show that Brent oil price significantly impacts dividend policy. Moreover, it can be seen how market shock favors the dividend payout. Variables such as leverage, liquidity, or profitability are also significant factors. Companies that are in different sectors differ in their dividend policy and its factors. With a global sample, a long period, and variables not previously tested in the literature, this paper tries to provide novel conclusions that allow us to know in greater depth the dividend policy of the O&G industry. Understanding dividend policy is essential for investors and executives to make investment decisions. The results suggest that O&G independent companies should be studied separately. This opens the door to future research venues.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"299-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Informative Value of Non-Financial Reports: Analyzing the Impact of Disclosure Format and Auditing","authors":"Simon Hirsch, Veronika Heichl","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22784","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD) came into force in 2017, large, listed companies in the European Union (EU) are obliged to disclose non-financial reports annually. Accordingly, Member States transposed the Directive into national law with country-specific rules. Thus far, quantifying the informational content has proven to be difficult. Therefore, we applied an innovative text-mining approach to assess the informative value of non-financial reports and its influential determinants, the so-called Sustainable Fingerprint. This method measures how precisely environmental, social, and governance (ESG) topics and time references are disclosed in non-financial reports. The aim of our paper is to analyze the informative value of non-financial reports from companies in the main stock indices of France, Germany, Italy, and Sweden after the national NFRD implementation. Our results show that incorporating the non-financial report in the annual report and the audit committee expertise (ACE) are positively related to the informative value, whereas external assurance has no significant impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"275-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcaf.22784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilhan Dalci, Omar Fikrat Fateh Tarzibash, Hasan Ozyapici
{"title":"Contracting Incentives, XBRL Adoption, and Accounting Conservatism: Empirical Evidence in a European Context","authors":"Ilhan Dalci, Omar Fikrat Fateh Tarzibash, Hasan Ozyapici","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22779","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to explore how XBRL adoption affects conditional conservatism and moderates the financial leverage and conditional conservatism relationship. Using the financial data between 2000 and 2022 for 332 listed firms in Belgium, Spain, and Denmark, the empirical results, first, demonstrate that financial leverage positively influences conditional conservatism. The results also reveal that XBRL adoption has a negative impact on conditional conservatism and negatively moderates the positive effect of financial leverage on conditional conservatism. The results overall imply that XBRL adoption reduces the impact of contracting incentives on conditional conservatism. In this regard, the results suggest that XBRL adoption substitutes for the contractual role of conditional conservatism. The results contribute to the ongoing discussion regarding the influence of technological developments on financial reporting systems, and they are expected to have important implications for managers, potential investors, creditors, and regulators.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"254-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Private Information in Mergers and Acquisitions: Non-Deal Roadshows, Value Creation, and Financing Choices","authors":"Dylan A. Howell","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22782","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the relationship between non-deal roadshows (NDRs), the medium of exchange used in mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and the value created by these significant corporate events. NDRs can reduce asymmetric information, which is a significant driver of merger announcement returns, the choice of merger financing, and the acquisition bid premium. I show that NDR activity is important in explaining the cross-sectional variation of the excess returns around M&As and the acquisition bid premium. NDRs are also significant to understanding the medium of exchange, and their relevance is more pronounced when the firms involved have higher levels of asymmetric information and uncertainty. My findings suggest that NDRs convey relevant information about acquiring and target firms in M&A transactions. This paper identifies and measures distinct firm-specific outcomes of NDR activity that had yet to be studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"221-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcaf.22782","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relative Importance of Accounting Standards and National Regulatory Frameworks on Opportunistic Asset Sales Decisions","authors":"Domenico Campa, Ray Donnelly","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22783","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We use a sample of UK-listed firms reporting under IFRS and US listed firms reporting under US GAAP, and a second sample of UK firms cross-listed in the US and reporting under IFRS matched with US domestic firms reporting under US GAAP, to explore differences in earnings management through asset sales between IFRS and US GAAP reporters. In the first sample, we find that both US and UK firms use asset sales to manage earnings upward at the benchmark of zero earnings, but only UK companies use asset sales to smooth income. Our second sample shows a consistent and similar use of asset sales for income smoothing purposes for companies reporting under IFRS and US GAAP that are subject to the same (US) regulatory environment. Our results suggest that the regulatory environment rather than accounting standards is pivotal in the decision to use asset sales to manage earnings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"194-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulatory Fragmentation and Operational Efficiency","authors":"Hongkang Xu","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22780","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employs a fragmentation index derived from Federal Register data to explore the relationship between regulatory fragmentation and operational efficiency. I find a positive association between regulatory fragmentation and operational efficiency, validated through various robustness checks, including entropy balancing, instrumental variable methods, fixed effects at different levels, change specification models, and alternative measures of operational efficiency. Additional analyses indicate that this positive association is more pronounced in firms exhibiting internal control weaknesses and facing higher operational uncertainty. Overall, my results suggest that although regulatory fragmentation poses challenges, it also creates opportunities for firms to enhance their operation efficiency. This research sheds light on the multifaceted effects of regulatory environments, providing valuable insights for policymakers and corporate strategists in managing regulatory complexities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"176-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matt Bjornsen, Sarah Borchers, Matthew A. Stallings
{"title":"Disaggregated Financial Statement Comparability","authors":"Matt Bjornsen, Sarah Borchers, Matthew A. Stallings","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22781","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study develops a measure of financial statement comparability based on the disaggregated financial accounting components of earnings. The disaggregated financial statement comparability measure in this paper is contrasted with the aggregated (i.e., based solely on aggregate earnings) financial statement comparability measure used in prior research. The disaggregated framework allows for the measurement of comparability between two firms across multiple components of earnings, which enhances the ability to contrast a company's accounting system to that of other companies impacted by similar economic effects. This comparability measure is robust to a rigorous set of analyses, including tests of incremental informativeness, alternative specifications of comparability, and considerations regarding the information environment. The metric developed in this study extends financial reporting quality and financial statement comparability research based on its ability to capture the distinct components of earnings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"152-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate Life Cycles and Analyst Recommendations","authors":"Ahmed Al Hadi, Abdulsamad Alazzani","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22778","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the relationship between firm life cycle stages and analyst recommendations. Using a dataset covering 1995 to 2022, we refine the sample to 62,731 firm-year observations and employ established models to create proxies for the corporate life cycle stages. The regression results reveal positive and significant associations between three life cycle stages—introduction, growth, and maturity (compared to shake-out)—and analyst recommendations, while the decline stage (compared to shake-out) is negatively associated with analyst recommendations. In an additional analysis, we find that financial distress impacts analyst recommendations, particularly in the introduction and decline stages, an association that reflects agency considerations and information asymmetry. An analysis of the interaction between analyst recommendations and corporate risk-taking reveals varying effects across the life cycle stages. Risk-taking and analyst recommendations positively interact in the introduction, growth, and decline stages, with a positive relationship in the maturity stage. These findings underscore the complex interplay between CLC dynamics, financial distress, risk-taking behavior, and analyst recommendations and provide insights into market factors and information dynamics. Our results are robust using different measures of CLC, Tobit regression, and Firm-Fixed Effect regression.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"137-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcaf.22778","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate Value Creation and the Award of Procurement Contracts","authors":"Stephen P. Ferris, Reza Houston, Blake Rayfield","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22776","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explores how federal procurement contracts influence shareholder value, revealing a consistent positive correlation between the size of the initial award and investor reactions. We uncover a significant impact of the contract's Sweetheart Index on investor responses, with no-bid (sole source) contracts, defense contracts, service contracts, and contracts exempt from cost or price reporting requirements attracting stronger investor interest. Notably, we observe significant information leakage around award announcements that affects investor behavior. Through difference-in-difference analysis, our findings show that long-term defense contracts lead to a greater increase in return on equity compared to other large government contracts, as assessed against a matched sample of firms. Additionally, our study highlights that contracts in industries with high concentration and those involving unique goods and services tend to be more lucrative, providing critical insights for investors and policymakers engaged in federal procurement strategies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"119-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CEO Overconfidence and Corporate Tax Strategy","authors":"Wei Hsu, Yvonne Lee","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22777","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Literature in accounting, economics, and corporate finance explores how top corporate executives’ personal traits and psychological biases affect firm decisions. This study focuses on one specific dimension of CEO personality: overconfidence and examines how CEO overconfidence influences corporate tax strategies. Overconfident executives tend to expect good outcomes due to optimistic bias or overestimation of their ability to bring about success. Therefore, they tend to overestimate the returns on investment projects and overinvest. We postulate that overconfident CEOs are inclined to seek risky tax planning activities to generate additional cash streams to make up for those projects not producing as much cash flow as originally expected. We find our three measures of overconfidence to be positively correlated with the book-tax difference (BTD). Our main overconfidence measure, proxied by CEOs delaying exercising their stock options, is negatively correlated with the cash effective tax rate (CETR), consistent with our prediction that overconfident CEOs exhibit more tax aggressiveness to preserve cash. Additionally, we test whether corporate governance affects corporate tax strategies and show that overconfident CEOs continue to have a negative effect on cash-effective tax rates regardless of the strength of board governance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"36 3","pages":"103-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}