{"title":"Do CEO gender and narcissism jointly affect CEO letter readability?","authors":"Julien Le Maux, Nadia Smaili","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22727","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of this paper is to explore the impact of two CEO characteristics, gender diversity and narcissism, on disclosure quality through an examination of the joint effect of gender diversity in management and CEO narcissism. Based on 452 shareholder letters (CEO letters in the annual report) issued by French firms, our results suggest that female CEOs enhance the readability level of corporate disclosures. Our findings provide evidence that narcissism mediates women CEOs’ positive effect on the readability of CEO letters. This study extends previous studies on gender diversity by providing new insights into how women CEOs affect the quality of disclosures.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"276-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An accountant in the C-suite: Chief Accounting Officers and asymmetric timely loss recognition","authors":"Robert Kim, Bryan Byung-Hee Lee, Jay Junghun Lee","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22735","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the role and influence of Chief Accounting Officers (CAOs) by examining the relation between the presence of a CAO on the top management team and asymmetric timely loss recognition (ATLR). Using large-sample data from 10-Ks and proxy statements of S&P 1500 firms, we find that the presence of a CAO is positively associated with the level of ATLR and that this positive relation is more pronounced when the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) does not have an accounting background. Our difference-in-differences analysis further indicates that the level of ATLR increases significantly following the initial appointments of CAOs. The results are robust to propensity score matching, alternative ATLR models, and various control variables. Collectively, our findings suggest that adding an accounting chief to the C-suite has a significant impact on financial reporting practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"249-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Earnings quality of multinational corporations: Evidence from Latin America before and after IFRS implementation","authors":"Mauricio Melgarejo","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22729","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcaf.22729","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluates whether Latin American multinational corporations (MNCs) report higher quality of accounting reports than companies with only operations in their home countries. In addition, it explores whether the impact of internationalization on the quality of accounting information has changed since the implementation of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in the region. An emerging area of research studies the effect of firms’ internationalization on accounting and finance. Nevertheless, evidence of the impact of internationalization on the quality of earnings quality is scarce. Based on a sample of public organizations listed on the main stock exchanges of Brazil, Mexico, Peru, and Chile from 2000 to 2020, this study finds that companies with international operations present higher-quality accounting reports than firms with only local operations. The impact of IFRS implementation on the quality of financial reports is significant only for companies with operations in their home countries. Latin American MNCs show a decline in the quality of accounting reports after adopting IFRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"238-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do analysts play a monitoring role? Evidence from exogenous changes in litigation risk","authors":"Junwoo Kim, Robert Kim, Sangwan Kim, Prianka Musa","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22722","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcaf.22722","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines whether securities litigation and sell-side equity analysts play a substitutive versus complementary role as an external governance mechanism. We expect the 1999 ruling on the stricter interpretation of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act to make it easier for firms headquartered in the Ninth Circuit to defend against securities class actions filed by shareholders, resulting in weaker protection from a litigation channel and stronger demand for analyst activity. Using a difference-in-differences research design, we find that analyst coverage increases as litigation risk decreases in the Ninth Circuit firms. Moreover, we find that analyst earnings forecast accuracy increases for firms in the Ninth Circuit following the ruling, consistent with analysts exerting greater efforts to perform their monitoring role. In cross-sectional tests, we find that the substitution relation between litigation risk and analyst research is more pronounced in firms with a high level of ex-ante litigation risk. We conduct extensive robustness tests, including another legal event exogenously increasing the risk of litigation, to gain confidence in our interpretations. We contribute to the literature by documenting causal evidence that analysts have greater incentives to provide meaningful equity research as gatekeepers in times of weaker investor protection by securities litigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"221-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Embracing certainty in uncertain times: Macroeconomic uncertainty, third-party assurance, and CSR performance","authors":"Kang Ho Cho, John Jongsei Yi","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22726","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcaf.22726","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Our study investigates whether macro-level uncertainty on the future economic prospects, referred to as macroeconomic uncertainty, affects corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance. Two competing theories, namely, the real options theory and the risk management theory, offer different perspectives on whether firms would increase or decrease their CSR performance in response to macroeconomic uncertainty. Existing literature documents inconclusive empirical evidence about this matter. Employing a novel and unbiased measure of macroeconomic uncertainty and drawing upon data from U.S. firms between 2006 and 2017, we find that CSR performance is negatively associated with macroeconomic uncertainty. We also document that the negative association between macro uncertainty and CSR performance is attenuated for firms that have their CSR reports independently assured by third-party experts. The results are robust to controlling for firm characteristics, an alternative measure of macroeconomic uncertainty, and an alternative sample period excluding the 2008–2009 Financial Crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"192-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Firm risk associated with environmental and corporate social disclosure: The moderating role of board gender diversity","authors":"Furman Ali, Syed Sumair Shah","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22725","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcaf.22725","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the relationship among corporate social and environmental disclosures, firm risk, and board gender diversity. This paper offers fresh insights into the relationship between corporate social and environmental disclosures and gender diversity and firm risk., Using panel data of Chinese nonfinancial A-share-listed companies from 2008 to 2020, we discover that the correlation between gender diversity on the board and corporate social and environmental disclosures has a significant negative influence on firm risk. The findings also revealed that the impact of gender diversity and corporate social and environmental disclosures is more pronounced to mitigate firm risk in nonstate-owned enterprises than in state-owned enterprises. For robustness, we used the generalized method of moments to control for reverse causality and endogenous variables' existence; the findings are similar to the main results. The study contributes to the literature by offering a contingency approach to examine the relationship between corporate social and environmental disclosures and firm risk and sheds light on the relationship in the context of a developing economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"202-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Principles versus rules based standards: Differential impact on accounting quality and relevance","authors":"David Cabán","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22724","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcaf.22724","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research explores the transition from rules-based to principles-based accounting standards, particularly focusing on the implementation of ASC 606, and its impact on the quality and value relevance of financial reporting. The study draws on the debate between the detailed, prescriptive nature of rules-based standards versus the flexible, judgment-reliant principles-based standards. Through a comprehensive empirical analysis, it finds that the adoption of ASC 606 has led to a significant improvement in accounting quality, supporting the theory that principles-based standards, which emphasize reflecting the economic substance of transactions, result in more accurate and informative financial statements. Additionally, the paper reveals that this transition has varied effects across different industries, with the most pronounced improvements in sectors characterized by complex customer contracts and multiple performance obligations. The research further indicates an increase in the value relevance of financial reporting post-ASC 606 adoption, suggesting that financial statements now provide more relevant information for investors, thereby enhancing market efficiency. These findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on the optimal approach to financial reporting standards, highlighting the benefits of principles-based standards while also acknowledging the need for strong regulatory frameworks and professional judgment to mitigate the risks of earnings management and ensure high-quality financial reporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"174-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vahidin Jeleskovic, Claudio Latini, Zahid I. Younas, Mamdouh A. S. Al-Faryan
{"title":"Cryptocurrency portfolio optimization: Utilizing a GARCH-copula model within the Markowitz framework","authors":"Vahidin Jeleskovic, Claudio Latini, Zahid I. Younas, Mamdouh A. S. Al-Faryan","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22721","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcaf.22721","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growing interest in cryptocurrencies has brought this new means of exchange to the attention of the financial world. This study aims to investigate the effects that a cryptocurrency can have when it is considered as a financial asset. The analysis is carried out from an ex-post perspective, evaluating the performance achieved in a certain period by three different portfolios. These are the one composed only of equities, bonds and commodities, the second one only of cryptocurrencies, and the third one is a combination of these both ones and thus made up of all considered “traditional” assets and the most performing cryptocurrency of the second portfolio. For these purposes, the classic variance-covariance approach is applied where the calculation of the risk structure is done via the GARCH-Copula and GARCH-Vine Copula approaches. The optimal weights of the assets in the optimized portfolios are determined through Markowitz optimization problem. The analysis mainly showed that the portfolio composed of cryptocurrency and traditional assets has a higher Sharpe index, from an ex-post perspective, and more stable performances, from an ex-ante perspective. We justify our selection of the Markowitz approach over conditional VaR and expected shortfall due to their heightened sensitivity to unsystematic extreme events in crypto markets.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"139-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcaf.22721","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141001610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lead independent director reputation incentives and audit fees","authors":"David B. Bryan, Terry W. Mason","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22723","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcaf.22723","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although prior research has recently begun to examine the effects of independent director reputation incentives and the benefits of having a lead independent director, no study has considered the combined impact: the reputation incentives of lead independent directors. This study integrates these emerging streams of research to investigate whether the reputation incentives of lead independent directors affect audit fees. We find that firms with a lead independent director who has relatively low reputation incentives are associated with audit fees that are 4.39% higher than firms with a lead independent director who has neutral reputation incentives, consistent with auditors viewing these firms as riskier. We also find that this association is driven by auditors who are not industry specialists. Our results continue to hold when using an entropy balancing approach and when conducting other robustness tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"156-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Shaheer Nuhu, Zauwiyah Ahmad, Lim Ying Zhee
{"title":"Nexus among disclosure quality, discretionary accruals and real earnings management practices: An empirical analysis of Malaysian public firms","authors":"Muhammad Shaheer Nuhu, Zauwiyah Ahmad, Lim Ying Zhee","doi":"10.1002/jcaf.22720","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcaf.22720","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Following the financial crisis, business practice and regulatory have become much more interested in corporate disclosure on risk and risk management. The crises necessitate enhancing corporate governance (CG) processes, risk disclosure, reporting, and accounting. This paper aims to empirically analyze specific components of disclosure quality that could be associated with the likelihood of mitigating earnings management (EM) practices. The Bursa Malaysia website, Bloomberg, and the annual reports of the listed firms were utilized as the sources for the data. Descriptive statistics and GLS methods of panel regression were the analytical techniques used in the current investigation. Corporate data of the listed firms on Bursa Malaysia covering financial periods of 2011–2022 were used to examine the research hypotheses. The findings from the panel regression suggested that internal control system disclosure (ICSD) and intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) both have negative and significant associations to the likelihood of EM practices. However, the findings also established negative but insignificant relationships between corporate risk disclosure (CRD), corporate voluntary disclosure (CVD), and the likelihood of EM practices across the sample. This study has implications to companies striving to satisfy shareholders and attract potential investors. The authors add to the growing body of literature on quality disclosure to the larger body of CG literature. Additionally, the study is original as it is the first to consider four qualities (internal control system disclosure, corporate risk disclosure and corporate voluntary disclosure, and voluntary ICD in the Malaysian context of EM practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":44561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance","volume":"35 4","pages":"121-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140683745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}