NEUROPSYCHIATRIE最新文献

{"title":"Exercise training and depression and anxiety in musculoskeletal pain patients: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials.","authors":"Sohrab Amiri","doi":"10.1007/s40211-022-00431-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-022-00431-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression and anxiety in patients with musculoskeletal pain harm health and exercise can be effective in improving the condition of these patients. This study was aimed at systematically reviewing and providing a meta-analysis of the effect of exercise training on improving depression and anxiety in patients with musculoskeletal pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search was done in three databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar up to August 2021. For each of the studies included in the meta-analysis, the mean, standard deviation, and sample size were extracted in the post-test, and the effect size was calculated. Publication bias and heterogeneity were assessed in studies at the end of the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen randomized control trials were included in the meta-analysis. Exercise training has a positive effect on depression in patients with musculoskeletal pain, so exercise reduces depression and Hedges' g was equal to -0.21, with confidence intervals of -0.40, -0.02. Exercise training has a positive effect on anxiety in patients with musculoskeletal pain, so exercise reduces anxiety and Hedges' g was equal to -0.63, with confidence intervals of -1.08, -0.19.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was found that exercise training is effective in improving depression and anxiety in patients with musculoskeletal pain and therefore this treatment should be given more attention from clinical specialists.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 2","pages":"88-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9622884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stressful life events, general cognitive performance, and financial capacity in healthy older adults and Alzheimer's disease patients.","authors":"Vaitsa Giannouli,&nbsp;Magda Tsolaki","doi":"10.1007/s40211-022-00451-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-022-00451-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The influence of stressful life events on general cognition and for the first time on financial capacity performance of patients with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in healthy controls (HC) is assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 268 participants (122 patients and 146 HCs with similar demographics) were examined with a number of neuropsychological tests, including Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and Legal Capacity for Property Law Transactions Assessment Scale (LCPLTAS) for measuring financial capacity. The life change unit (LCU) method was also used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HCs reported more stressful events than AD patients before the onset of the disease as the LCU load was higher for them (51.80 vs. 27.50), but in both groups the level of LCU load was far below 100, which is the threshold suggested for the induction of a psychosomatic disorder. The most frequently reported life event for AD patients was increased family arguments (n = 45/122), followed by increase in responsibilities (n = 32/122) and financial difficulties (n = 29/122), while the HC group reported problems within the family (n = 56/146), change in health status (n = 32/146), and a death of a beloved family member (n = 27/146). Regressions indicate no causal role for recent life events in the etiopathogenesis of AD, but an influence only of MMSE and diagnosis on financial capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Stressful life events do not seem to be important in financial capacity and relevant vulnerability to financial exploitation for either HCs or AD patients; therefore clinicians should not consider them per se as a possible aggravating factor for financial deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 2","pages":"76-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10238300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9925320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bericht aus dem Vorstand der ÖGPP.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00472-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-023-00472-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 2","pages":"108-109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10304484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot study of facial and bodily feedback.","authors":"Chloë Hutchings-Hay, Marcela M Dapelo, Gisselle Briceño, Camila Fernández, Kate Tchanturia","doi":"10.1007/s40211-022-00426-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-022-00426-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The modulation hypothesis of facial feedback has not adequately examined how combining facial expressions and bodily postures might influence our experience of emotional stimuli. This pilot study examined a new method for manipulating both face and body together, which is important in furthering our understanding of how face and body interact to influence emotional experiences in the real world.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a within-subjects design, 30 participants viewed positive film clips under four conditions: (1) positive face with positive body (PP), (2) positive face with neutral body (PN), (3) neutral face with positive body (NP) and (4) neutral face with neutral body (NN). Measures of positive and negative affect were taken before and after each clip, to assess the subjective emotional experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to examine differences in the emotional experience under each condition. Post hoc pairwise comparisons demonstrated that positive affect in the PP condition was significantly higher than in the NP and NN conditions. There was no significant difference between the PP and NN conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Whilst the study findings are difficult to interpret, this pilot study generated a number of important methodological learnings that are relevant to future research of this kind.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 2","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10238286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10248840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maladaptive cognitions and emotion regulation in posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Nawal Ouhmad,&nbsp;Wissam El-Hage,&nbsp;Nicolas Combalbert","doi":"10.1007/s40211-022-00453-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-022-00453-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study investigated the interactions between emotion regulation strategies and cognitive distortions in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We also examined differences in emotion regulation and cognitive distortions across the trauma spectrum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in France between December 2019 and August 2020 and was approved by the university ethics committee. We recruited 180 participants aged over 18, with 3 groups of 60 each: (1) patients diagnosed with PTSD, (2) trauma-exposed without PTSD, (3) no history of trauma. Exclusion criteria were a history of neurological or mental disorders, psychoactive substance abuse, and a history of physical injury that could affect outcomes. All participants completed the Life Events Checklist‑5 (LEC-5), Post-traumatic Check List‑5 (PCL-5), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and Cognitive Distortions scale for Adults (EDC-A). Correlation analysis was performed to observe the relationship between PTSD severity and cognitive functioning. Correlations between cognitive distortions and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies were calculated for the PTSD group. A moderation analysis of the whole sample was conducted to examine the relationship between cognitive distortions, emotion regulation strategies, and PTSD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with PTSD scored significantly higher on the PCL‑5 and for dissociation than the other groups. PCL‑5 scores were positively correlated with maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and acceptance. They were also correlated with positive and negative dichotomous reasoning and negative minimization. Analysis of the PTSD group revealed correlations between maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and negative cognitive distortions. The moderation analysis revealed the cognitive distortions explaining the relationship between emotion regulation strategies and trauma exposure overall, and how they exacerbate emotional problems in PTSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study provides indications for management of PTSD patients. Inclusion of an intermediate group of individuals exposed to trauma without PTSD revealed differences in the observed alterations. It would be interesting to extend the cross-sectional observation design to study traumatic events that may cause a specific type of disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 2","pages":"65-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9872076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9942192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large improvement of mental health during in outpatient short-term group psychotherapy treatment-a naturalistic pre-/post-observational study.","authors":"David Riedl,&nbsp;Karin Labek,&nbsp;Ines Gstrein,&nbsp;Maria-Sophie Rothmund,&nbsp;Barbara Sperner-Unterweger,&nbsp;Wilhelm Kantner-Rumplmair","doi":"10.1007/s40211-022-00449-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-022-00449-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Group psychotherapy is an effective treatment for patients with mental health issues. This study aims to evaluate data on the effectiveness of a cost-free short-term outpatient group psychotherapy project for patients with mixed mental health issues in Tyrol, Austria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this naturalistic observational study, outpatients taking part in the psychotherapeutic group treatment between spring 2018 and spring 2020 were included. Patients completed the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-D), an item of the working ability index (WAI) and single items on symptom burden, treatment expectation and perceived benefit before the first (T0) and/or last group session (T1). Mean changes were investigated using repeated measure analyses of variance (rANOVA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 98 patients were included in the study. Statistically significant improvements with medium to large effect sizes were observed for depression (η² = 0.22, p < 0.001), somatization (η² = 0.10, p = 0.008), anxiety (η² = 0.18, p < 0.001), and subjective working ability (η² = 0.22, p < 0.001). Neither age (p = 0.85), sex (p = 0.34), baseline symptoms (p = 0.29-0.77), nor previous experience with individual (p = 0.15) or group psychotherapy (p = 0.29) were associated with treatment outcome. However, treatment expectation at baseline was significantly associated with the patients' perception of the treatment benefit (r = 0.39, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights the benefit of outpatient short-term group psychotherapy for individuals with mental health issues. Group psychotherapy should be offered free of charge to individuals with mental health issues by social health providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 2","pages":"57-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10238302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9561241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"„gugging inspiriert.! von bowie bis roth“.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00471-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-023-00471-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 2","pages":"112-114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9693682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Mental health rehabilitation for children and adolescents in Austria].","authors":"Brigitta Lienbacher,&nbsp;Leonhard Thun-Hohenstein","doi":"10.1007/s40211-022-00444-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-022-00444-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health rehabilitation for children and adolescents was implemented in Austria from 2018 onwards based on a rehabilitation plan from 2016. In the meantime, three rehabilitation centres have been set up and put into operation in 3 different supply zones (East, North, South).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An inquiry was made to the ÖGK for up-to-date figures regarding admission and diagnoses and a statement by the heads of the Austrian rehabilitation centres was used to document and critically analyse the implementation of mental health rehabilitation for children and adolescents in Austria on the basis of these data and facts and in the light of the previous plans.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 96 treatment places were opened and put into operation in the three centres. The fourth center is scheduled to go into operation in 2022. With this, the bed rate will be in the calculated range, but well below the assumptions of the rehabilitation plan 2016. With regard to the structural quality criteria, in particular, the conceptualisation and calculation of personnel structures are not to be regarded as sufficient. The implementation of the 2016 rehabilitation plan was only partial, as only MHR Type I centers were established. The use seems to be sufficient after three years of operation, whereby the diagnostic spectrum shows that children and adolescents with acute problems (stress disorders, depressive episode) were more likely to be cared for.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fortunately, the described mental health rehabilitation centers have gone into operation and have been well received. However, it should be noted that the original concept has been abandoned or reduced, that the structural quality and conceptualization should be reconsidered, and it is strongly recommended to implement the original concept.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 1","pages":"4-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9761624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10844408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Versorgungsituation der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie in Österreich – Stand 2022 (Teil II).","authors":"Leonhard Thun-Hohenstein","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00461-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-023-00461-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9350829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Maintaining a comprehensive provision of inpatient child and adolescent mental health services in the years to come-a German perspective].","authors":"Christian J Bachmann, Paul L Plener, Malte Mechels, Thomas Lempp","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00458-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-023-00458-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A considerable number of child and adolescent psychiatry inpatient units in Germany suffer from a significant shortage of doctors, which endangers the current system of nation-wide availability of high-quality child and adolescent inpatient services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drawing on recent data, this article pictures the status quo of child and adolescent psychiatry inpatient services in Germany. The authors then discuss the pros and cons of different suggestions of how to cope with the doctor shortage crisis in child and adolescent psychiatry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The following options for action are suggested: reduction of service provision across the board, shift from personnel-intensive inpatient towards home-based treatment, trans-sectoral cooperation by means of tele-psychiatry, delegation of clinical responsibilities to psychologists, limiting ward physicians' tasks to mere medical care of patients, improvement of working conditions in inpatient units, recruitment of doctors from abroad, and increased recruiting efforts at medical school level. From the authors' viewpoint, the latter option offers the best chance of lasting success; however, this requires a long-term, nationwide approach and considerable efforts of all departments involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"37 1","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9886204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10865013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}