NEUROPSYCHIATRIE最新文献

{"title":"Perinatal and infant mental health care in Austria : Mapping of existing prevention, screening, and care services.","authors":"I Zechmeister-Koss, C Hörtnagl, Astrid Lampe, J L Paul","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00516-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-024-00516-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Perinatal mental illness (PMI) is one of the major health problems during pregnancy and one year after birth (the perinatal period), with robust evidence of its potentially detrimental effects on the parent's and child's health. Many countries have prioritised perinatal and infant mental health care (PIMHC). In Austria, it is currently unknown how many services are available in which region. The paper aims to map the current PIMHC landscape.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using publicly accessible sources, such as health reports or organisation websites and supplementary information from experts, we collected data on eight characteristics of services to prevent, early identify, treat or support parents with a PMI. We extracted the information into tables, narratively summarised the results and presented a geographical visualisation of service availability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While there is currently no standardised nationwide systematic screening for PMI in place, there are a variety of services to support and treat parents with a PMI of different severity in Austria. However, there are large regional variations and gaps in care, particularly regarding specialised PIMHC and trained staff, leading to unequal access. PIMHC primarily addresses mothers and involves many, mostly public, providers and funding sources.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is an urgent need to reduce the regional disparities regarding specialised PIMHC, ensuring adequate referrals and treatment and reducing inequalities in access to care. The results also call for a national strategy and defined political, administrative and service provider responsibilities based on international evidence-based recommendations. Investing in the training of staff and defined care pathways seems warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and type 1 diabetes mellitus: a scoping review of observational studies.","authors":"Yi-Chun Liu, Yin-To Liao, Kuan-Han Lin","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00499-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-024-00499-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Both schizophrenia and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are known as immune-related disorders. We systematically reviewed observational studies to explore the relationship between schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and T1D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A preliminary search of articles was completed using the following databases: Airiti Library, CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), OVID MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed. Two researchers independently assessed each study's quality based on Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A narrative review summarized the potential relationship between the two diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies were included in the final analysis. Six observational studies investigated the risk of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder in patients with T1D. Two studies showed negative correlations, one showed no correlation, and three showed positive correlations. On the other hand, five studies reported the prevalence of T1D in patients with schizophrenia. Two of them showed positive associations, and three others showed no association. Although the majority of the included studies suggested a positive association between the two medical conditions, these studies were still too heterogeneous to draw consistent results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found conflicting results regarding the bidirectional relationship between schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and T1D. These may stem from differences in study design, sampling methods, or definition of diagnoses, which are essential aspects to consider in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"163-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with inflammatory diseases. Results from the nationwide German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS).","authors":"Lena Boemanns, Julia Staab, Thomas Meyer","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00479-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-023-00479-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite conflicting data, some studies have suggested a pathophysiological relationship between inflammation and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the nationwide and representative German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS; n = 6922 study participants aged 11-17 years), this post hoc analysis assessed the associations between ADHD and three common inflammatory diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed univariate associations between ADHD and lifetime inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis (p = 0.002), otitis media (p = 0.001), and herpes simplex infection (p = 0.032). In logistic regression models adjusted for clinically relevant confounders, we found that ADHD remained a significant predictor of all three inflammatory diseases (atopic dermatitis, Exp(β) = 1.672, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.239-2.257, p = 0.001; otitis media, Exp(β) = 1.571, 95% CI 1.209-2.040, p = 0.001; herpes simplex, Exp(β) = 1.483, 95% CI 1.137-1.933, p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate a positive link between ADHD and peripheral inflammatory diseases, including atopic dermatitis, otitis media, and herpes simplex infection. Further studies are needed to understand the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"182-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11599504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10070888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the rise or a return to pre-pandemic levels? A cross-sectional online survey on nicotine, alcohol, and illicit drug use among youth.","authors":"Selina Fanninger, Anna Mayer, Andreas Goreis, Oswald D Kothgassner, Julia Matjazic, Paul Schoegl, Nicolas Schmelzle, Valentin Wollenek, Katrin Skala","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00503-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-024-00503-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented and deteriorating effects on the mental health of adolescents and young adults. Various studies have described changes regarding substance abuse, but findings are conflicting.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional online survey on nicotine, alcohol, and illicit drug use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From March to May 2023, 502 participants aged 14-24 from a community-based sample completed the questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a general trend of declining or stable substance use during the first 2 years of the pandemic; however, in the third year (i.e., 2022), substance use returned to pre-pandemic levels or exceeded it. Compared with young adults (age 19-24), adolescents' (age 14-18) use increased more clearly. Participants who scored above the cut-off on screening measures for problematic substance use showed a more pronounced increase in the use of cigarettes and illicit drugs but not of alcohol. Higher alcohol consumption during lockdowns was associated with increased likelihood of current problematic alcohol (odds ratio [OR]: 3.03) and cannabis use (OR: 2.60). Furthermore, individuals who reported increased usage of one psychotropic substance during lockdowns were more likely to have increased their use of other substances as well (OR: 2.66-4.87).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although not optimally generalizable due to the retrospective online format and convenience sampling, our results support the notion that special attention ought to be paid to certain subgroups such as younger people and those who already exhibit problematic substance use during the pandemic. Following up on post-pandemic trends in substance use is crucial for developing prevention measures and targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"189-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11599395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Violence in contact and custody proceedings-A case of child endangerment in the family court-Where are efficient child protection measures?]","authors":"Ulrike Altendorfer-Kling","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00512-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-024-00512-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Against the background of 30 years of discussion in medicine and law about unfounded accusations and the existence of reasonable suspicion of intra-family violence in contact and custody proceedings, this article emphasises the importance of focusing on child protection by all professionals.Based on a case report in connection with the Federal Ministry of Justice's handout \"Dealing with violence in custody and contact proceedings\", the article describes the relevance of child protection in Austrian case law and the means by which it is undermined. In the name of science, ideological diagnoses are used instead of evidence-based treatment diagnoses [1]. \"Professionals from the healthcare system, youth welfare, justice and education should cooperate in child protection with the aim of recognising, identifying and ending child abuse, maltreatment and/or neglect as such (cf. § 3 KKG) [2].\"In legal practice, however, practitioners in the psychosocial, psychosomatic and psychotherapeutic fields are often not recognised as witnesses because of the assumption they are influenced by parents or patients themselves. In Austria, the evaluation of evidence is the responsibility of the judge and it is often assumed that practitioners cannot take an objective position towards their patients and their relatives. Specialist medical or psychological experts are therefore of crucial importance. When taking their oath, they have committed themselves to objectivity and impartiality in the recording of findings and orientation towards scientific principles and standards (\"state of the art\") and their application, as well as to continuous further training and education in the preparation of expert opinions [3].The specific case in question is a child with a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder following suspected sexualised violence, enuresis and enkopresis in connection with the traumatic experiences.The connection between violent situations and child and adolescent psychiatric disorders and the course of the custody and contact proceedings are described. Relevant legal interests such as the will of the child, the best interests of the child, attachment tolerance and protection against violence are addressed and put up for discussion. Topics such as domestic, psychological, sexualised, institutional violence and intimate terror are presented.The case report is an example of how child psychiatrists deal with points relevant to the Federal Ministry of Justice's handbook \"Dealing with violence in custody and contact proceedings\", which was published in January 2024. It represents a guideline for the area of court proceedings, assessment and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"198-209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of sleep quality, chronotype, and obstructive sleep apnea with migraine in the elderly population.","authors":"Asieh Kouhi Fayegh, Hazwan Mat Din, Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman, Maryam Ravanipour, Hamidon Basri, Mohd Hazmi Bin Mohamed, Vasudevan Ramachandran, Liyana Najwa Inche Mat","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00467-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-023-00467-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Disturbances of sleep have frequently been reported in individuals with migraine. On top of this, an elderly patient with migraine also suffers from sleep disturbances due to changes in physiologic and mental health associated with aging. This study aimed to compare several sleep factors, namely sleep quality, chronotype, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk, between elderly people with and without migraine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in 10 neurologic clinics located in Tehran, Iran, over 2 years. The sample size was calculated as 189, including 63 migraine and 126 non-migraine patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant difference was observed in the mean score of the global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) between migraine and non-migraine groups (p-value = 0.002), and in the individual components of the PSQI. However, there were no significant differences in the frequency of different types of chronotype (p-value = 0.125, T = 1.541) or OSA risk between the two groups (p-value = 0.568, T = -0.573). The binary logistic regression model showed that the relationship between global PSQI and migraine was significant (p = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep quality is a problem for elderly migraine sufferers. Meanwhile, certain factors such as chronotype and OSA have no significant relationship with migraine among community-dwelling seniors. Further studies are required to enhance our understanding of this observation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"174-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9462888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Therapy strategies for repetitive vocalizations in dementia : A systematic review].","authors":"Samuel Taubenheim, Arnim Quante","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00511-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-024-00511-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vocalizations in dementia patients are repetitive verbal expressions that, due to their volume, frequency, and/or social inappropriateness, cause negative effects on patients and other individuals present. The prevalence ranges up to 30%. Given the increasing global incidence of dementia and the limited number of randomized controlled trials about treating repetitive vocalizations, this systematic review provides a summary of existing works on the effectiveness of potential pharmacotherapeutic and nonpharmacological therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration page (registration number: CRD42023486344). Literature search was conducted in PubMed and Embase databases. Due to insufficient data, case reports were also included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2635 articles, 25 studies were included in the review. Efficacy was demonstrated for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), pregabalin, gabapentin, and the antipsychotics haloperidol and risperidone based on a few case reports, albeit with associated side effects. Nonpharmacological interventions also showed efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions are effective treatment approaches for repetitive vocalizations in dementia patients. Due to the fact that there are hardly any randomized controlled studies available, the results of this systematic review must be interpreted with caution. The results of this review show that randomized controlled trials are required for many interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in neurocognitive assessments: insights from a pilot study with the International Neurocognitive Test Profile (INCP) digital battery.","authors":"Bernd Maierhofer, Daria Grigoryeva, Beatrice Beck, Johann Lehrner","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00510-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-024-00510-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aging global population has led to an increase in the number of dementia diagnoses, with projections indicating a continued upward trend. This demographic change presents profound challenges for patients, their families, and healthcare systems worldwide. Consequently, the demand for reliable and user-friendly screening tools that can detect dementia at early stages and monitor its progression is more critical than ever. The International Neurocognitive Test Profile (INCP), developed at the Medical University of Vienna, aims to address this need by offering a digital test battery for the early detection of dementia. This study forms a part of the INCP's ongoing development and evaluation, specifically investigating the influence of gender on test outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy participants, recruited through flyers at the Vienna General Hospital, completed the INCP assessment using tablets as part of the study. The effect of gender on performance across various INCP subtests was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U tests. For further exploratory analysis, a correlation matrix was calculated encompassing demographic variables (age and education), screening data, and all INCP subtests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed significant gender differences in two INCP subtests related to executive functions. Males outperformed females on the Figure Fluency Test (r = 0.30, indicating a moderate effect) and the Dice 2‑n Back Test (r = 0.29, indicating a small effect). However, when correcting for multiple comparisons, no significant gender disparities were observed in the scores of the subtests.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The identification of possible gender differences in specific subtests underscores the importance of considering gender as a variable in the further development and evaluation of the INCP. These findings offer valuable insights for the design and planning of future studies involving the INCP.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers tell us something about financial capacity in Alzheimer's disease patients? A preliminary study.","authors":"Vaitsa Giannouli, Magda Tsolaki","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00509-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-024-00509-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although diagnostic markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have become a rapidly growing research field, they have not as yet been investigated in relation to capacities that are of interest to geriatric psychiatry and neuropsychology, such as financial capacity. The aim of this study was to assess whether CSF biomarkers can predict financial capacity in patients with a diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were examined with a number of neuropsychological tests, with an emphasis on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the Legal Capacity for Property Law Transactions Assessment Scale (LCPLTAS) and CSF tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Amyloid β peptide 1-42 (Aβ42), total tau, and phosphorylated tau were not found to predict financial capacity performance in AD, but MMSE shows a strong positive correlation with LCPLTAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These preliminary findings indicate that complex cognitive functions, such as financial capacity, may not be directly linked to CSF concentrations of the abovementioned biomarkers. Further studies with larger numbers of patients will be required to assess the reproducibility of these findings and to determine whether this approach can assist not only in diagnosis but also in neuropsychological assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive symptoms-Not a predictor for five-year mortality in patients with subjective cognitive decline, non-amnestic and amnestic mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"Alexander Gerschmann, Johann Lehrner","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00495-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-024-00495-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of depressive symptoms on mortality in patients with SCD (subjective cognitive decline), naMCI (non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment), and aMCI (amnestic mild cognitive impairment). Additional factors (age, sex, years of school attendance, and neuropsychological performance) were considered to determine the impact on survival probability. A monocentric retrospective data analysis based on adjusted patient protocols (n = 1221) from the observation period 1998-2021, using the Cox Proportional Hazards model, assessed whether depressivity had an explanatory value for survival, considering SCD as the reference level in relation to naMCI and aMCI. Covariates were included blockwise. Cox regression revealed that depressiveness (Beck Depression Inventory, Geriatric Depression Scale) did not make a significant contribution as a risk factor for mortality in all five model blocks, BDI-II with HR 0.997 [0.978; 1.02] and GDS-15 with HR 1.03 [0.98; 1.08]. Increasing age with HR 1.09 [1.07; 1.11] and male sex with HR (inverted) 1.53 [1.17; 2.00] appeared as risk factors for increased mortality across all five model blocks. aMCI (vs. SCD) with HR 1.91 [1.33; 2.76] showed a significant explanatory value only up to the fourth model block. By adding the six dimensions of the Neuropsychological Test Battery Vienna in the fifth model block, the domains attention and perceptual speed with HR 1.34 [1.18; 1.53], and executive functions with HR 1.24 [1.11; 1.39], showed substantial explanatory values for survival. Accordingly, no tendency can be attributed to depressiveness as a risk factor on the probability of survival, whereas the influence of certain cognitive dimensions, especially attention and perceptual speed, and executive functions, can be seen as protective for survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"135-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11379728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}