NEUROPSYCHIATRIE最新文献

{"title":"[Insomniac symptoms and suicidality-link and management].","authors":"Dirk Schwerthöffer, Hans Förstl","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00466-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-023-00466-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A link between insomniac symptoms and suicidality has long been suspected and deserves specific attention.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We examine the current evidence for this relationship from epidemiology and neurobiology in order to propose a targeted management.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>Clinical example and selective Medline-literature research for insomnia symptoms and suicidality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Epidemiological data and statistical analysis show that symptoms of insomnia are independent risk factors for suicidality. Neurobiological factors associated with combined insomnia symptoms and suicidality are: serotonergic dysfunction and circadian rhythm disorder leading to hypofrontality with reduced problem solving capacity and impaired emotional and impulse-control. Social isolation, recurrent rumination, comorbid psychiatric disorders, access to potentially lethal drugs or weapons need urgent evaluation in patients with a combination of suicidality and symptoms of insomnia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>patients with insomnia and further risk factors for suicide need to be treated resolutely and at an early stage. Modern sleep-promoting antidepressants with low toxicity and antipsychotics must be preferred in the treatment of patients with insomniac sleep disorders and suicidality. Multimodal anti-insomnia and anti-depressive therapy adapted to the circadian rhythm can exert a favorable influence both on depressive-suicidal and insomnia symptoms and their inherent risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11143018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9501438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of first language adds important information to the diagnosis of language disorders in multilingual children.","authors":"Carolin Schmid, Eva Reinisch, Claudia Klier, Brigitte Eisenwort","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00469-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-023-00469-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>59% of Viennese day care children have a first language other than German. Lower proficiency in the second language German might be typical in multilingual settings, but might also be due to language disorder (ICD-10:F80 or comorbid). Diagnostic practise in Austria focuses on second language evaluation. This study describes a group of multilingual children with suspected language impairment at a specialized counselling hour and reflects the role of the first language in language evaluation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Linguistic evaluation (typically developed, ICD-10:F80, comorbid language disorder) and sociodemographic parameters of 270 children (time period: 2013-2020) are investigated. Linguistic results are reported according to primary diseases. For children without primary disease the relation between the linguistic evaluation and sociodemographic parameters is assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the children had 37 different first languages (74% were bilingual, 26% multilingual). The percentage of children with typical development and comorbid language development varied according to primary disease. Children without primary disease had higher chances of typical development the older they were at the examination, the earlier they produced first words, and if there was no heredity for ICD-10:F80.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that evaluating the children's first language is useful since it contributes to understanding the individual language development at different linguistic levels, despite the heterogeneity of the children, and, thus, allows practitioners to recommend the best possible support.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"82-91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11142998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9578417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drawing a line?-Visuo-constructive function as discriminator between healthy individuals, subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease and predictor of disease progress compared to a multimodal approach.","authors":"Amelie Tokaj, Johann Lehrner","doi":"10.1007/s40211-022-00455-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-022-00455-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>One cognitive domain impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is visuo-construction. The Vienna Visuo-constructional Test 3.0 Screening (VVT 3.0 Screening) measures this cognitive domain. This study examines how it works in the differentiation of AD from healthy controls (HC) and the prodromal stages subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and also how it performs in prediction of progress compared to the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Sunderland Clock Drawing Test (CDT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 622 patients (33 HC, 68 SCD, 301 MCI, 220 AD) who completed all three tests were obtained. Furthermore, 117 patients were examined in a follow-up. Data were analyzed in a retrospective analysis comparing the validity of tests in diagnosis and prediction using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and multinominal logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The VVT 3.0 Screening shows some ability to discriminate between AD and all other participants (sensitivity: 62.1%, specificity: 83.1%), while of the three examined tests none was able to predict membership to all experimental groups or to predict disease-progress adequately. As the VVT 3.0 Screening is short, easy to apply and largely language independent, it can be considered an alternative to the MMSE in certain situations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The VVT 3.0 Screening is useful to discriminate between AD and all other participants and can be an alternative to the MMSE in certain situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"71-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11143003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in adults: a systematic review and analysis.","authors":"Yam R Giri, Allison Parrill, Sreedevi Damodar, Joshua Fogel, Nisrin Ayed, Muhammad Syed, Ijendu Korie, Sivaranjani Ayyanar, Christopher Typhair, Seema Hashmi, Bom B Giri","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00478-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-023-00478-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze predictors of treatment outcome for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a comprehensive literature search of PubMed, PsycInfo, and OVID. We included 424 patients from case reports and case series. Demographics, anti-NMDAR antibodies, prodromal and presenting symptoms, diagnostic workup, and treatment variables were recorded. Inferential analyses were performed in the subset (n = 299) of those with known treatment outcomes. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis for treatment outcome compared full recovery versus partial recovery and full recovery versus death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment outcomes consisted of 34.67% full recovery (n = 147), 30.90% partial recovery (n = 131), 4.95% death (n = 21), and 29.48% unknown (n = 125). Speech/language abnormality and abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) were each significantly associated with a higher relative risk for a full recovery. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis were each significantly associated with a higher relative risk for partial recovery. The analysis comparing death to full recovery found that catatonia was significantly associated with a lower relative risk for death. Increased age, orofacial dyskinesia, and no tumor removal were each significantly associated with a higher relative risk for death.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased age, orofacial dyskinesia, and no tumor removal were associated with a higher relative risk for death in anti-NMDAR encephalitis in adults. Clinicians should monitor and appropriately treat anti-NMDAR encephalitis with these findings to minimize the risk of death.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9938428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"kultur im kontext.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00496-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-024-00496-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"107-109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"bericht aus dem ögkjp-vorstand.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00498-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-024-00498-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"38 2","pages":"104-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"bericht aus dem ögkjp-vorstand.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00492-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-024-00492-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":"38 1","pages":"48-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19-related anxiety and obsession levels in stroke patients and family caregivers and their effects on caregiver burden.","authors":"Yelda Soluk Özdemir, Nurdan Paker, Nazlı Şişmanoğlu Ataç, Derya Buğdaycı, Kadriye Öneş","doi":"10.1007/s40211-024-00490-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-024-00490-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to describe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related dysfunctional anxiety and thinking in patients with stroke and caregivers who are family members and their effects on caregiver burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 79 stroke patients and their primary caregivers who were hospitalised in a tertiary rehabilitation hospital. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) and Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) were used to assess the levels of COVID-19-related dysfunctional anxiety and obsession of the patients and their caregivers. Caregiver burden was assessed via the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the patients with stroke, COVID-19-related anxiety and COVID-19-related obsession rates were 13.9% (n = 11) and 7.6% (n = 6), respectively, while 17.7% (n = 14) of caregiver family members had COVID-19-related anxiety and 11.4% (n = 9) had COVID-19-related obsession. The CAS score of caregivers showed a significant positive correlation with the CAS and OCS scores of patients (p = 0.000, r = 0.423; p = 0.007, r = 0.300, respectively). The OCS score of caregivers showed a significant positive correlation with the OCS scores of the patients (p = 0.000, r = 0.476). The mean ZBI score of caregiver family members was 31.9 ± 13.5. A significant positive correlation was observed between the caregiver's OCS and CAS scores and ZBI scores (p = 0.002, r = -0.349; p = 0.004, r = 0.323, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, a significant relationship between caregiver burden and COVID-19-related anxiety and obsession in the caregivers of stroke patients was identified. Therefore, caregivers of stroke patients should not be forgotten during pandemics and should receive physical and psychological support.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"24-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Interaction of somatic findings and psychiatric symptoms in COVID-19. A scoping review].","authors":"Hans Rittmannsberger, Martin Barth, Bernd Lamprecht, Peter Malik, Kurosch Yazdi-Zorn","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00487-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-023-00487-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An infection with SARS-CoV‑2 can affect the central nervous system, leading to neurological as well as psychiatric symptoms. In this respect, mechanisms of inflammation seem to be of much greater importance than the virus itself. This paper deals with the possible contributions of organic changes to psychiatric symptomatology and deals especially with delirium, cognitive symptoms, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis. Processes of neuroinflammation with infection of capillary endothelial cells and activation of microglia and astrocytes releasing high amounts of cytokines seem to be of key importance in all kinds of disturbances. They can lead to damage in grey and white matter, impairment of cerebral metabolism and loss of connectivity. Such neuroimmunological processes have been described as a organic basis for many psychiatric disorders, as affective disorders, psychoses and dementia. As the activation of the glia cells can persist for a long time after the offending agent has been cleared, this can contribute to long term sequalae of the infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trait emotional intelligence and resilience: gender differences among university students.","authors":"Patricia Sojer, Susanne Kainbacher, Katharina Hüfner, Georg Kemmler, Eberhard A Deisenhammer","doi":"10.1007/s40211-023-00484-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40211-023-00484-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have reported strong correlations of emotional intelligence (EI) with mental health and wellbeing; it is also a powerful predictor of social functioning and personal adaption. Resilience is the ability to adapt to significant life stressors and is also crucial for maintaining and restoring physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate EI and resilience in healthy university students, with a focus on gender differences in EI and resilience components.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 277 datasets collected via online questionnaire were analyzed. The questionnaire comprised the Self-Report Emotional Ability Scale (SEAS) developed by Freudenthaler and Neubauer for assessing trait EI facets and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding trait EI, females scored significantly higher in the total score for interpersonal emotional skills and in the subscale \"Perception of the emotions of others\" than males. Men showed significantly higher total scores in intrapersonal emotion-related abilities than women, and in the subscales \"Regulation of one's own emotions\" and \"Control over the expression of one's own emotions.\" Concerning resilience, female students had significantly higher scores in the CD-RISC subscales \"Personal competence and tenacity,\" \"Control,\" and \"Spiritual influence.\" The intrapersonal trait EI (SEAS) sum score showed a significant positive correlation with the total scores of the CD-RISC (r_s = 0.445, p < 0.001). There were also positive correlations between the interpersonal trait EI sum score and the CD-RISC total score (r_s = 0.438, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate gender differences in specific facets of trait EI and resilience, and an interaction between the two psychological constructs was demonstrated regardless of gender. For prevention of mental disorders and to foster wellbeing, it might be helpful to focus on improvement of self-perception in girls and women, and on supporting emotional awareness towards other people's emotions in boys and men. Further studies in the field should address other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":44560,"journal":{"name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIE","volume":" ","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}