Tobacco Prevention & Cessation最新文献

{"title":"Monitoring youth-appealing advertising on social media for the e-cigarette brand Lost Mary.","authors":"Michelle Jeong, Ollie Ganz, Eugene M Talbot, Melanie LaVake, Olivia A Wackowski, Patrick V Barnwell, Scott I Donaldson, Cristine D Delnevo","doi":"10.18332/tpc/195631","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/195631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lost Mary is a popular e-cigarette brand among youth in the United States. This study aimed to analyze Lost Mary's branded social media activity and assess whether marketing efforts may have contributed to its youth appeal. We conducted a content analysis of 53 Lost Mary posts published on social media platforms from 2022 to 2023. More than a third of the posts included flavor descriptors, including fruit or ice, both popular flavors among youth. More than two-thirds of the posts used vibrant colors, and any human models included appeared to be young adults. Findings suggest that Lost Mary may target youth on social media platforms through the use of youth-appealing advertisement strategies (e.g. flavors). These findings highlight the need for increased monitoring of e-cigarette brand marketing on social media.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11605624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction of nicotine analogue-containing oral pouch products in the United States.","authors":"Sven E Jordt, Sairam V Jabba","doi":"10.18332/tpc/195621","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/195621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2023, 6-methyl nicotine (6MN), a synthetic nicotine analog, was introduced in US-marketed electronic cigarette products advertised as exempt from regulation. It is unknown whether the use of 6MN has spread to other product categories. Industry reports, patent and trademark databases were searched for 6-methyl nicotine products. Identified trademarks 'Metatine', 'Nixotine', 'Imotine' were used to search for US-marketed products. Ingredient information was compared to US market-leading products, and safety warnings and regulatory statements were assessed in context with US state and federal regulations. Two US-based oral pouch brands, 'MG' and 'Hippotine' pouches, were identified in August 2024, advertised to contain 'Imotine'-trademarked 6MN. MG Pouches are marketed in four flavors, and 'Hippotine'-branded pouches are marketed in two flavors, likely representing banned flavor characterization in US state jurisdictions such as California. 6MN contents range 8-25 mg. Otherwise, the ingredient lists were almost identical across both product lines. Products list extensive addiction and health warnings, including warnings not to operate vehicles. Vendors state that these are not tobacco products, which implies that federal and state tobacco regulations do not apply. The spread of nicotine analogs to additional product categories, such as oral pouches, is concerning, especially given the high declared 6MN contents exceeding nicotine in popular US-marketed oral nicotine pouch products. Legislators and regulators need to provide certainty about the regulatory status of nicotine analogs to prevent further erosion of tobacco flavor bans and other regulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11587819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advertising of tobacco and related products on social media in Germany.","authors":"Christopher Heidt, Amelie Wüllner, Jana Seiler, Nobila Ouédraogo, Katrin Schaller","doi":"10.18332/tpc/195499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/195499","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, beliefs, perceptions and barriers related to implementing smoke-free home practices in two rural settlement areas in Malaysia.","authors":"Siti Nurhasyimah Ayuni Kamni, Nur Ain Nadhirah Binti Saiful Bahron, Aziemah Zulkifli, Isabelle Uny, Rachel O'Donnell, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Bagas Suryo Bintoro, Emilia Zainal Abidin, Sean Semple","doi":"10.18332/tpc/195460","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/195460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies have found that parental smoking is the primary source of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among children, leading to respiratory illnesses, especially in non-smokers like children and women. Promoting a smoke-free home (SFH) is essential, especially among rural populations, and barriers or challenges to creating a SFH need to be better understood. This study aimed to determine the knowledge levels on SHS and to identify the beliefs, perceptions, barriers and facilitators of SFH practices among the rural population in Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor, Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a mixed-methods design, conducted in two rural settlement areas in 2022. Data were collected through surveys on SHS and SFH knowledge and face-to-face interviews using a topic guide. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS software while the qualitative data were analyzed using the thematic approach via NVivo 12.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty participants completed the survey. Most of the respondents had a good (38%) or moderate (48%) knowledge level of SHS. No association was found between sociodemographic factors and knowledge level. Seven of the nine interviewees knew specific SHS-related health risks. Most participants believed that implementing SFH requires quitting or reducing smoking. Barriers to establishing a SFH included personal convenience, habits, attitudes, and social influence. Family encouragement, practicability, government, and quitting smoking were the facilitators for SFH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These rural communities had moderate knowledge level of SHS and SFH. Men's knowledge, beliefs and perceptions like associating SFH with quitting smoking may prevent SFH adoption. It is critical for the government and stakeholders to disseminate information and develop socially and culturally acceptable health promotion programs, incorporating the considerations from this study to increase the chances of SFH implementation in rural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to outdoor cigarette advertisements and cigarette retailers near Indonesian schools: Density, proximity, and students' self-report of exposure.","authors":"Erni Astutik, Ηario Megatsari, Karin Gandeswari, Susy Katikana Sebayang, Siti Rahayu Nadhiroh, Santi Martini","doi":"10.18332/tpc/194683","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/194683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adolescents are vulnerable to tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorships (TAPS). The presence of TAPS, specifically outdoor cigarette advertisements (OCA) and cigarette retailers (CR), impacts adolescent smoking behavior. This study examined the presence of OCA and CR near Indonesian schools and students' report of their TAPs exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study in the three diverse districts (Serang, Banyuwangi, and East Lombok) and a city district (Padang), Indonesia on September 2022-April 2023. In each district, we selected the three subdistricts with the most schools and the highest population density. Enumerators mapped all outdoor OCA and CR using Global Positioning System (GPS) devices. In selected schools within the study areas, we surveyed 6715 students about their TAPs exposure using face-to-face interviews. Students were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were analyzed descriptively using STATA 14.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 21460 retailers identified in the subdistricts, 30.4% were CR. The proportion of CR varied by district, between 24.8% and 40.7%. East Lombok had the highest percentage. Additionally, Banyuwangi had the highest density of CR. There were 13660 OCA points (district range 1918-6472). Around schools, banners were the most common OCA form (62.1%). Posters were second (32.8%). The retailers who sold the most cigarettes in the four districts were in kiosks. The density of CR and OCA per km² increased as the distance from schools decreased. Students' self-reported exposure to tobacco products was higher from OCA and CR than from the internet, television, and magazines/newspapers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OCA and CR are ubiquitous around schools. The Indonesian government should assess OCA and CR regulations and limit OCA and CR close to schools.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco cessation, anti-tobacco education, and smoke-free schools: Findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey.","authors":"Willie Rajvong, Yelena Tarasenko, Angela Ciobanu","doi":"10.18332/tpc/193569","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/193569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adolescents are especially vulnerable to the harmful effects of tobacco use. This study examined changes in tobacco use in schools, the provision of anti-tobacco education, and cessation efforts over time, and the importance of cessation support and education for cessation efforts among youth aged 13-15 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed secondary analyses of cross-sectional data from the latest two rounds of the Global Youth and Tobacco Survey (GYTS). Forty-five countries met the inclusion criteria for examining changes in quit attempts; 42 for receipt of cessation support; 28 for anti-tobacco education; 27 for tobacco use in schools, and 45 for the combined analysis of the association between cessation support and anti-tobacco education with quit attempts. To assess differences between the rounds, crude and adjusted prevalence estimates were compared as average adjusted predictions from univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. The association between quit attempts and other characteristics was examined using mixed effects binary logistic regression with a random intercept for the country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Percentages of youth who attempted to quit smoking (11/45), received cessation support (12/42), or saw others smoking on school premises (5/27) did not change in the majority of countries between survey rounds after adjusting for age and sex. Over half of the countries (15/27) reported significant changes in provision of anti-tobacco education between survey rounds, after adjustment. In 45 countries, adolescents who received help for quitting smoking (AOR=3.23; 95% CI: 3.02-3.45) or anti-tobacco education (AOR=1.13; 95% CI: 1.06-1.21) were more likely to attempt cessation than those without help or education (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the importance of cessation support and anti-tobacco education in promoting quit attempts among adolescents, many countries lack sufficient cessation initiatives for youth. Monitoring these indicators is necessary for guiding the development of public health interventions to reduce tobacco and nicotine product use among youths.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding tobacco use disparities among Florida adolescents: The impact of sexual minority status and school-based violence victimization.","authors":"Caleb M Gumbs, Sandra Suther, Alana Steffen, Alicia K Matthews","doi":"10.18332/tpc/195288","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/195288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adolescent tobacco use remains a significant public health issue with long-term health consequences. This study investigates the relationship between sexual minority status, school-based violence victimization, and tobacco use among adolescents. The objective is to determine the prevalence of school-based violence victimization and tobacco use behaviors and identify key demographic and experiential risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were derived from the Florida Youth Risk Behavior Survey, collected biennially from 2013 to 2021. Participants included high school students who answered demographic questions on sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, sex, and grade. Bivariate analyses and binary logistic regression models examined associations between school-based violence and tobacco use, controlling for demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 26510 participants, 15.8% identified as sexual minorities. Cigarette smoking was reported by 18.0% of the sample, with a higher prevalence among sexual minority students (27.3%) and students in 12th grade (22.5%). Sexual minority students reported higher rates of school-based violence, including being bullied at school (24.4%) and electronically bullied (22.6%). Overall, 29.3% of students experienced school-based victimization. Tobacco use was significantly associated with school-based violence (AOR=2.04; 95% CI: 1.91-2.19) with higher odds for sexual minority students (AOR=1.91; 95% CI: 1.75-2.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight a significant association between school-based violence and tobacco use among adolescents. Sexual minority students are at higher risk for both victimization and tobacco use. These results underscore the importance of violence prevention strategies and creating inclusive, supportive school environments that embrace sexual and gender diversity to mitigate these risks and promote overall student well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors and reasons for planning to quit smoking among a nationally representative sample of adults who smoke: Findings from the 2021 ITC EUREST-PLUS Spain Survey.","authors":"Susan C Kaai, Marcela Fu, Pete Driezen, Anne C K Quah, Mi Yan, Yolanda Castellano, Olena Tigova, Geoffrey T Fong, Esteve Fernández","doi":"10.18332/tpc/192088","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/192088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intentions to quit are the strongest predictor of successful smoking cessation and future quit attempts. This study assesses factors associated with quit intentions among adults who smoke in Spain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data are from the 2021 International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS Spain Wave 3 Survey, a nationally representative survey of adults aged ≥18 years who smoke (n=1006). Analysis was restricted to 867 adults who provided information about quit intentions. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to examine several correlates of quit intentions. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) were estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Less than half (45.6%) of adults who smoke reported intending to quit, with only 13.0% intending to quit in the next 6 months; 11.3% reported at least one quit attempt in the past year. Factors associated with quit intentions were having a high income (APR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.01-1.92), having at least one quit attempt in the previous year (APR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.16-1.71), worrying that smoking will damage one's health (APR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.05-2.20), regretting starting to smoke (agree, APR=1.25; 95% CI: 1.03-1.52; disagree, APR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.46-0.95), health concerns (APR=1.46; 95% CI: 1.17-1.82), and smoking restrictions in public places (APR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.06-1.54).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only13% of adults from Spain who smoke intend to quit in the next 6 months. Factors associated with quitting were high income, at least one quit attempt in the past year, worrying about health damage from smoking, regretting starting to smoke, having health concerns, and smoking restrictions in public places. There is a need for comprehensive measures that encourage and support people to quit.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of recruiting young adults with low socioeconomic status for formative evaluation of a smoking cessation mobile intervention.","authors":"Michael Wakeman, Sherine El-Toukhy","doi":"10.18332/tpc/194164","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/194164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Participant recruitment is critical to the success of smoking cessation trials. However, recruitment feasibility studies for inclusion and exclusion criteria commonly used in smoking cessation research remain scarce. We assessed the feasibility of recruiting potential research volunteers (PRVs) under two sets of inclusion criteria to inform eligibility requirements for a smoking cessation mobile intervention trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We invited PRVs nationwide to participate in qualitative evaluation of a smoking cessation mobile application. To be eligible under Criteria I, participants were aged 18-29 years, neither four-year college graduates nor enrollees, exclusive cigarette smokers, willing to quit within 30 days, and not using cessation aids. Criteria II expanded eligibility to those using cigarettes and non-combustible tobacco products (e.g. e-cigarettes) and willing to quit within 6 months. We calculated recruitment yields and associated costs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 10533 PRVs screened for eligibility, 48 were enrolled. Only 54 (0.5%) participants qualified under Criteria I and 164 (1.6%) under Criteria II. Age ineligibility was the top reason for exclusion (66.7%), whereas lifetime smoking, quit timeframe, and other tobacco product use contributed to ineligibility rates ranging from 46.5% to 65.3%. Enrolled participants were equally split by sex and roughly reflected the racial/ethnic composition of the United States. American Indians, who have the highest smoking prevalence, were <5% of enrolled participants. Recruitment costs averaged $106 per PRV.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Eligibility requirements used in cessation trials were restrictive for recruitment efforts. Relaxing inclusion criteria will reflect current tobacco use patterns and facilitate the timely completion of trials within budgetary thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greater smoking intensity may be linked to early smoking initiation among Filipinos: Evidence from the 2021 Global Adult Tobacco Survey Philippines.","authors":"Samuel Brando H Piamonte","doi":"10.18332/tpc/194485","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/194485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding the relationship between age at smoking initiation and later smoking intensity is crucial for assessing future health consequences of smoking early and informing strategies to prevent and reduce tobacco use. This study explores the relationship between the two smoking-related behaviors among Filipino daily smokers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary data analyses from the 2021 Global Adult Tobacco Survey Philippines were performed. This study covers those who were reported to be daily smokers. The outcome of interest was smoking intensity, measured as the number of manufactured cigarettes consumed per day, while the main predictor was age at smoking initiation. Data from 2260 participants were analyzed. Negative binomial regression was used to test for the relationship between age at smoking initiation and smoking intensity while controlling for sociodemographic variables and other smoking-related behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age at which daily smoking commenced was 20.93 (SD=6.35) years, while the average number of manufactured cigarettes consumed per day was 9.50 (SD=7.26). Age at smoking initiation was a significant predictor of smoking intensity, even after controlling for potential confounders. Each additional year in the age at which smoking was initiated was associated with a 1.55% decrease in smoking intensity in the adjusted model (β= -0.0155, p<0.0001). Other predictors of smoking intensity were current age (β=0.0072; 95% CI: 0.0050-0.0094, p<0.0001), sex (β= -0.1146; 95% CI: -0.2157 - -0.0136, p=0.0262), and smoking rules at home (β=0.1807; 95% CI: 0.1175-0.2439, p<0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Greater smoking intensity may be linked to early smoking initiation among Filipino adult daily smokers. The results may support interventions that target younger ages to curb heavy tobacco use at later ages.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"10 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}