Tobacco Prevention & Cessation最新文献

{"title":"Association between state unemployment rate and inpatient hospitalizations for tobacco use disorder","authors":"Elizabeth Wahlenmayer, Aparna Soni","doi":"10.18332/tpc/149482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/149482","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91058580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a smoke-free policy on smoking prevalence on hospital grounds: A before-after study","authors":"H. H. Garritsen, J. Vermeulen, A. Rozema, L. V. van Lonkhuijzen, A. Kunst","doi":"10.18332/tpc/149476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/149476","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Studies on the impact of smoke-free policies (SFPs) on hospitals grounds on on-site smoking are scarce. On 1 October 2019, an SFP was implemented on the grounds of the Amsterdam UMC hospital in the Netherlands, including measures for sustained enforcement. This study assessed the impact of this SFP on smoking prevalence on hospital grounds up to 18 months after implementation. METHODS Observations were systematically conducted 7 weeks before and after the SFP was implemented, and at 5 and 18 months afterwards. A total of 32 sites were included in the study, divided over two hospital locations. On each site, the number of smokers was systematically observed and categorized into staff, patient, student, or visitor. Smoking prevalence on hospital grounds was calculated by the number of observed smokers as a proportion of all people observed. Bubble maps were created to visualize changes in the geographical distribution of smokers. RESULTS Smoking prevalence on hospital grounds decreased significantly from 17.4% before to 3.3% after implementation of the SFP. Following implementation, the largest decrease was observed in smoking among staff (-96.7%) and patients (-92.3%). The decrease in smoking prevalence was sustained 18 months after implementation (5.0%). The number of smokers decreased on nearly all sites. CONCLUSIONS The substantial and sustained decrease in smoking prevalence found in this study highlights the potential of SFPs on hospital grounds to protect people from exposure to (secondhand) smoking. Continued enforcement of these SFPs seems essential to ensure ongoing compliance.","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75826413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US public and private payer coverage for tobacco cessation treatments and barriers to accessing treatments","authors":"Radha Hussain, Jennifer H. LeLaurin, R. Salloum","doi":"10.18332/tpc/149483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/149483","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88570773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in cigarette and e-cigarette use among US young adults from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic: News exposure and risk perceptions as potential predictors.","authors":"Breesa Bennett, Katelyn F Romm, Carla J Berg","doi":"10.18332/tpc/148245","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tpc/148245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>COVID-19 impacted cigarette and e-cigarette use behaviors among some individuals. This study examined COVID-19 factors and prior substance use as predictors of cigarette and e-cigarette cessation and initiation among US young adults from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from Wave 3 (Sept-Dec 2019) and Wave 5 (Sept-Dec 2020) of a 2-year, 5-wave longitudinal study of young adults across six US metropolitan areas. We examined COVID-19 news exposure, perceived smoking and e-cigarette use risk, and prior substance use, as predictors of cigarette and e-cigarette cessation and initiation, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of W3 cigarette users (n=516), 37.8% (n=195) quit cigarettes at W5; predictors of cessation included younger age, fewer days of W3 past-month cigarette use, and no W3 e-cigarette use. Of W3 e-cigarette users (n=687), 38.7% (n=266) quit e-cigarettes at W5; predictors included greater COVID-19 news exposure, fewer days of W3 past-month e-cigarette use, and no W3 cigarette use. Of W3 cigarette non-users (n=1693), 5.0% (n=85) initiated cigarettes at W5; predictors of initiation included younger age, lower perceived smoking risk, lifetime cigarette and e-cigarette use, and W3 e-cigarette use. Of W3 e-cigarette non-users (n=1522), 6.3% (n=96) initiated e-cigarettes at W5; predictors included younger age, less news exposure, lifetime cigarette and e-cigarette use, and W3 cigarette use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the need to address cigarette and e-cigarette co-use and related risk perceptions in prevention and cessation interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"8 ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9074834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption, nicotine dependence and motivation for smoke cessation during early stages of COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Ana Freire, Bruna Medina, M. Leite, T. Lopes, E. Santos, M. Ferreira, Bruna Silva, Margaret Cavalcante, F. Pacagnelli","doi":"10.18332/tpc/146545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/146545","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic may have changed smoking habits. For the smoking population, information regarding smoking habits and the pandemic could potentially aid COVID-19 prevention and control measures. Our study aimed to analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on tobacco consumption, nicotine dependence levels, and motivation for smoking cessation. We also collected information from smokers regarding their awareness of the consequences of tobacco use and the increased risks smokers have for severe complications from COVID-19. METHODS In the survey for this observational cross-sectional study, 122 smokers responded to an online form. The participants provided general data about their smoking history, their smoking habits in the months of April and May 2020, and the effect of the pandemic on their smoking habits. They also completed a Fagerström test and were measured by the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale. RESULTS When compared to pre-pandemic levels, the majority of smokers reported increased tobacco consumption of between 1 and 10 cigarettes per day (37.7%). Their motivation to quit smoking (59.8%) and desire to smoke (53.2%) were unchanged by the pandemic. Most participants demonstrated an awareness of the increased risks smokers have for severe COVID-19-related complications (p<0.001). We identified the following correlations: cigarettes/day before pandemic and motivation for smoking cessation (r=0.19; p=0.030), cigarettes/day and nicotine dependence level (r=0.61; p<0.001), and load consumption and nicotine dependence level (r=0.69; p<0.001). No significant correlations were observed between load consumption and motivation to quit (r=0.13; p=0.120). CONCLUSIONS Most smokers are well aware of their increased risks for severe COVID-19-related complications. In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, most smokers reported increased cigarette consumption. In addition, motivation to quit and desire to smoke were unchanged for the majority of smokers.","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83536744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conflict of interest and tobacco control: Why does it matter?","authors":"D. Bhatta, Ruchi Adhikari","doi":"10.18332/tpc/146893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/146893","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87327913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-compliance with university tobacco-free policies: A qualitative exploration","authors":"Joshua Yang, Afsana Faruqui, Angela Sou, T. Mackey","doi":"10.18332/tpc/146713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/146713","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Though university smoke-free and tobacco-free campus policies have been proliferating across the US, compliance and enforcement remain challenges. This study examined perceptions and behaviors of employees and students who used tobacco products on tobacco-free campuses, to better understand policy non-compliance. METHODS Students (n=56) and employees (n=20) from two tobacco-free 4-year public universities in Southern California who self-reported using tobacco products on campus participated in focus groups, stratified by university and student or employee (faculty and staff) status, to discuss attitudes toward campus tobacco policies and on-campus smoking. Focus group discussions were transcribed and analyzed after structured coding and subcoding. RESULTS Participants were generally aware that smoking and vaping were not allowed on campus, though few could correctly identify their campus as tobacco-free. Attitudes toward the policy varied by subgroup and by campus, with students and employees at different universities expressing varying levels of support. Non-compliance was a unique interaction of individual, institutional, and interpersonal factors including a desire to smoke or vape to reduce stress, lack of formal enforcement or penalty for violating the policy, and efforts to smoke or vape in ways that reduce harm to others as a way of rationalizing non-compliance. CONCLUSIONS Attitudes toward university tobacco-free policies are campus- and constituency-specific, with similarities in individual, institutional, and interpersonal factors underlying non-compliance. Interventions to increase compliance should address individual, institutional, and interpersonal influences on non-compliance through efforts tailored to specific campus constituencies based on their particular knowledge and attitudes towards tobacco-free policies.","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73734455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring cigarette dependence: A comparison of two scales in two different groups of smokers","authors":"Marcela Fu, D. Carnicer-Pont, Y. Castellano, M. Ballbè, Xisca Sureda, Antònia Raich, J. Martínez-Sánchez, C. Martínez, A. Baena, Anna Riccobene, Marta Enríquez, E. Fernández","doi":"10.18332/tpc/146714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/146714","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION The Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and the Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS) are usually used to assess cigarette dependence in clinical- and population-based studies. Our objective was to compare these two scales within groups of smokers from both contexts. METHODS The study was observational with smokers from a representative sample of the adult general population (n=188) and smokers attending a smoking cessation clinic in Barcelona, Spain (n=759). The FTCD and the CDS-5 (short version of 5 items) were used to assess cigarette dependence. We compared the standardized median scores obtained with both scales within each group of smokers by selected variables. To this aim, we re-scaled the scores of both scales to allow their comparison and assess their correlation within both groups. RESULTS The scores obtained with both scales were highly correlated within both groups of smokers (p<0.001), indicating good agreement in the assessment of cigarette dependence. Nevertheless, higher standardized CDS-5 scores were observed more frequently in the population group overall (3.9 vs FTCD score=3.7, p=0.001), among women (4.5 vs 4.2; p<0.001), in the youngest group of smokers (3.9 vs 3.2; p<0.007) and in light smokers (time to the first cigarette >60 min; 1.7 vs 1.1; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS While the CDS-5 scored higher more frequently in the population group, the FTCD scored higher more frequently in the clinical group. These differences should be considered when designing either clinical- or population-based studies.","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"44 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80439050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with quit attempt and successful quitting among adults who smoke tobacco in Ethiopia: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) 2016","authors":"H. Demissie, Tenecia Smith, Isabel Garcia de Quevedo, Alissa C. Kress, E. Twentyman","doi":"10.18332/tpc/146170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/146170","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable death in the world. Identification of factors associated with quit attempts and successful quitting can help strengthen tobacco cessation programs. In Ethiopia, no prior study of such factors exists. Our aim was to identify factors associated with quit attempts and successful quitting among adults who smoke tobacco in Ethiopia. METHODS We used the Ethiopian 2016 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data (n=10150). GATS is a nationally representative household survey that collects data on sociodemographic and tobacco-related characteristics. We calculated prevalence of reported past 12 months quit attempts and successful quitting and performed logistic regression to obtain prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Overall 42.0% of people who smoked tobacco made a quit attempt. Men were more likely (APR=3.9; 95% CI: 1.4–10.7) to make a quit attempt compared to women but were less likely to successfully quit (APR=0.6; 95% CI: 0.3–0.9). Those aware of the health harms of tobacco were 2.5 (95% CI: 1.1–5.5) and 3.9 (95% CI: 1.8–8.5) times as likely to make a quit attempt and successfully quit, respectively, than those unaware. Receiving healthcare provider advice to quit was not associated with quit attempts. CONCLUSIONS More than 4 in 10 people smoking tobacco in Ethiopia are making attempts to quit. Receipt of healthcare provider advice to quit is not yet associated with quit attempts in Ethiopia; however, awareness of the health harms of tobacco is a powerful predictor of quit attempt and success in quitting. Improved access to cessation support and expanded awareness of the health harms of tobacco are urgently needed to enhance both quit attempts and success across Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80731422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking cessation counseling among dental hygienists in Saudi Arabia","authors":"A. Alsiwat, Haya Alayadi","doi":"10.18332/tpc/145530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/145530","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Tobacco has major effects on the oral health of an individual. Dental hygienists play an important role in smoking control by educating and motivating patients and community. The aim of this study is to add more evidence on knowledge, attitude, and practice of smoking cessation counseling among dental hygienists in Saudi Arabia. METHODS The study is a cross-sectional study, subjects are dental hygienist practitioners in Saudi Arabia employed in either public or private hospitals in 2021. The data collection tool of this study was a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire of 36 questions. The final sample included 80 employed participants. RESULTS Knowledge differed significantly amongst participants according to their educational level, with the highest mean knowledge scores among PhD versus Bachelor’s degree holders [mean (SD) = 27.7 (29.3) vs 21.9 (10.8), p=0.038, respectively]. On the other hand, dental hygienists attitude percentage scores differ statistically by working place; dental hygienists working in public health organization had a score [mean = 74 (8.9)] was higher compared to those in private health organizations [mean = 69.3 (10.8)]. Also, participants attitude percentage mean scores differ statistically by years of experience; the higher the years of experience the higher the dental hygienists’ adaptation of an attitude toward smoking cessation counselling. In terms of dental hygienists practice percentage mean scores, the only statistically significant difference was educational level [Bachelor’s: 64 (17.7); Master’s: 103.3 (17.2); PhD: 108.8 (15.3); p=0.003]. CONCLUSIONS Dental hygiene practitioners’ level of knowledge is unsatisfactory. Workshops and program training are indeed necessary to increase dental hygiene knowledge leading to effective implementation of smoking cessation counselling.","PeriodicalId":44546,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Prevention & Cessation","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75223790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}