{"title":"Heretics, married priests, sexaholics or imperial enemies: who are the ‘Nicolaitans’ mentioned in Louis the German’s dream?","authors":"Isabelle Rosé","doi":"10.1111/emed.12748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12748","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the Annales Fuldenses entry for 874, there is a cryptic reference to some heretical ‘Nicolaitans’. This has been understood as a reference to married clerics, yet that particular meaning of the word only became widespread much later in a Gregorian context. This article provides a history of the label from its origins. On that basis, it proposes a new interpretation of this micro-narrative, to explain why this term might have been used in the last decades of Louis the German’s reign, in connection with sexual affairs involving queens.</p>","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"33 1","pages":"3-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is Byzantine Studies a Colonialist Discipline? Toward a Critical Historiography. International Center for Medieval Art, Viewpoints. Edited by Benjamin Anderson and Mirela Ivanova. The Pennsylvania State University Press: University Park. 2023. $24.95. xvi + 200 pp. ISBN 9780271095264.","authors":"Leslie Brubaker","doi":"10.1111/emed.12743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12743","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"33 2","pages":"281-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seen and named in narratives: denizens of hell in the early Middle Ages","authors":"Danuta Shanzer","doi":"10.1111/emed.12738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12738","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article discusses a special type of narrative: encounters with named individuals in hell. The catchment is broad (Homer to Dante) but the focus is on the early Middle Ages. Philological and literary techniques elucidate and reinterpret a number of important visionary texts, Anglo-Saxon, Merovingian, and Carolingian. Boniface, Ep. 115 re-emerges as a woman’s vision. Gregory of Tours, DLH 8.5 (Guntram’s banquet of 585), where Chilperic is sighted, finds a place within the Roman tradition of the dark or terrifying banquet and the dangerous telling of dreams. In the Visio Pauperculae (terminus post quem = 3 October 818), Queen Irmengard’s torture is reinterpreted by reference to the NT and to contemporary legal realia. An argument is made for an old emendation that required a romantic and courtly reading, including a fuzzy connection to Dante’s Inferno 5.</p>","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"32 4","pages":"474-502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emed.12738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Keep taking the tablets: how Prudentius’ account of St Cassian shaped medieval school stories","authors":"Julia Barrow","doi":"10.1111/emed.12739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12739","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In about 400 Prudentius visited the shrine of St Cassian at Imola and wrote a poem describing his martyrdom. Cassian, a schoolmaster, had been killed by his own pupils using their styli and wax tablets. The story was popular throughout the Middle Ages and its medieval reception has attracted attention. In addition, and hitherto unnoticed, features of Cassian’s death became motifs in narratives of violence in the medieval schoolroom, and this article explores these and reflects on what they can tell us about changes in the teacher–pupil relationship from Late Antiquity to the end of the twelfth century.</p>","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"32 4","pages":"503-517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emed.12739","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Illuminating the Word in the Early Middle Ages. By Lawrence Nees. Cambridge Studies in Palaeography and Codicology. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge and New York. 2023. xxix + 558 pp.; 179 colour figures + 1 map. $150. ISBN 978 1 009 19386 3.","authors":"Beatrice Kitzinger","doi":"10.1111/emed.12746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"33 2","pages":"278-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Image and Ornament in the Early Medieval West: New Perspectives on Post-Roman Art. By Matthias Friedrich. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2023. 300 pp. £85. ISBN 9781009207775.","authors":"Mateusz Fafinski","doi":"10.1111/emed.12747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12747","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"33 2","pages":"274-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Making Money in the Early Middle Ages. By Rory Naismith. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press. 2023. xxi + 517 pp. + 41 b/w illustrations + 11 maps. $45, £38. ISBN 9780691177403.","authors":"James Norrie","doi":"10.1111/emed.12745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12745","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"33 1","pages":"133-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Byzantium in the Time of Troubles: The Continuation of the Chronicle of John Skylitzes (1057-1079). Introduction, translation and notes by Eric McGeer, Prosopographical Index and Glossary of Terms by John W. Nesbitt. Leiden: Brill. 2020. xvi + 216 pp. €102. ISBN 978 90 04 41894 3.","authors":"Mirela Ivanova","doi":"10.1111/emed.12742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12742","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"33 1","pages":"127-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Text and Textuality in Early Medieval Iberia: The Written and the World, 711–1031. By Graham Barrett. Oxford Historical Monographs. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2023. xviii + 530 pp. $130. ISBN 9780192895370.","authors":"Adam J. Kosto","doi":"10.1111/emed.12741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"33 1","pages":"124-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Popular Culture and the End of Antiquity in Southern Gaul, c. 400–550. By Lucy Grig. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2024. xvi + 260 pp. £85. ISBN 9781108491440.","authors":"Robin Whelan","doi":"10.1111/emed.12740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emed.12740","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44508,"journal":{"name":"Early Medieval Europe","volume":"33 1","pages":"121-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}