Arid Ecosystems最新文献

{"title":"Study of the Impact of Dune Fixation on Land Use in the Semi-arid Stage: Djelfa, Algeria","authors":"S. Akkouche","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124700124","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124700124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The various dune fixation works carried out at the level of the dune belt are extremely useful, on the one hand to fight against desertification via the creation of a microclimate which ensures the ecological sustainability of fragile ecosystems, and on the other hand, to improving the way of life of rural populations. In this context, carry out a diachronic study, with the aim of quantifying the floristic diversity after 31 years of planting. Also, the application of Factorial Correspondence Analysis (FCA) and CAH to 118 statements and 74 species revealed 4 plant groups. The main factors that determine them are: slope (Axis 1), soil humidity (Axis 2). The analysis of the results of the diachronic study shows that the overall percentage of vegetation increases in line with the altitudinal gradient, it occupies the lowest topographies of the dune where soil humidity is high and the action of the wind is minimal; windward topographies are generally difficult to colonize; they are drier and more exposed to the prevailing wind (SW), on the other hand the leeward topographies which are in shelter are cooler and therefore easily colonizable. Each fixing species occupies the dune differently as well: <i>Retama retam</i> Webb., grows across the entire dune at different topographies and exposures. <i>Tamarix gallica</i> L. colonizes all the topographies of the dune except the summits at high altitudes exposed to the wind. <i>Tamarix aphylla</i> (L.) Karst and <i>Eleagnus angustifolia</i> L. colonize the lower slopes and inter-dune spaces. <i>Lycium arabica</i> Boiss., recorded a success rate of less than 10%, especially in topographic position facing the wind.</p>","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience and Prospects for Underground Water Development in Oasis Irrigation of Sands in the Western Caspian Region","authors":"G. A. Surkhaev,&nbsp;G. M. Surkhaeva","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124700136","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124700136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An assessment is given of the hydrogeological potential of the Terek-Kuma sands of the Western Caspian region, the strata of which contain significant reserves of underground water (artesian, ground water) of the Caspian lowland, which are located near the feeding glaciers of the Greater Caucasus. In terms of their chemical composition, they are suitable for irrigating woody and herbaceous ameliorant crops, as evidenced by the long-term scientific and experimental experience of the Achikulak Research Forestry Experimental Station of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Agroforestry Reclamation (now the North Caucasus Branch of the Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology, Integrated Land Reclamation, and Protective Afforestation, Russian Academy of Sciences) on the sands of the Bazhigan massif, which provides a wide potential for the use of self-pressure (artesian) and free-flow (ground) underground water in oasis irrigation of sandy lands. Compared to the capital-intensive model of preliminary reservoir accumulation of self-flowing artesian waters for irrigating pastures, the project of using ground water for irrigating fodder phytocenoses directly from wells, by pulsed sprinkling using renewable energy sources (sun, wind energy), appears to be more profitable and faster to pay for itself. According to forecast estimates, the potential of the region’s underground water is sufficient for hydromelioration of more than 100 000 ha of sandy lands in an arid territory.</p>","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Productivity Parameters of Plant Communities in the Steppe Zone of Western Siberia Obtained Using Remote Sensing and Dendrochronological Methods","authors":"N. V. Rygalova,&nbsp;T. G. Plutalova,&nbsp;Ya. V. Martynova","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124700045","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124700045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study is concerned with a conjugate analysis of the productivity of herbaceous and woody plants from various landscape communities, such as the typical steppe, salinized, woody, and agricultural, in arid conditions of southwestern Siberia performed using different methods; specifically, remote sensing (analysis of the vegetation indices NDVI) and dendrochronological (analysis of the stem growth increment in width in Scotch pine (<i>Punus sylvestris</i> L.) from extrazonal ribbon coniferous forests (<i>bor</i>s)). Climate factors were established that govern the dynamics of NDVI and the radial growth increment in trees of the steppe zone, which include the limiting impact of summer temperature and the positive effect of atmospheric precipitation of the previous winter and current summer seasons. Analysis of the vegetation indices and the radial growth increment in trees showed the occurrence of a moderate relationship between them, in that NDVI of May and July of the herbaceous communities (<i>Stipa</i> spp.-Volga fescue and arable lands) correlate with a width of annual rings in trees. The width of the pine radial growth increment in the arid steppe was found to depend on the NDVI value of the crown of tree stands in May from two years before.</p>","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boreal Plant Species within the Kazakh Small Hills: Ecological–Cenotic Characteristics and Distribution Features","authors":"Yu. K. Pereverzeva,&nbsp;N. B. Leonova","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124700070","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124700070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>On the territory of the Kazakh small hills, boreal plant species have been preserved, growing far beyond the boundaries of their typical taiga ecosystems since the widespread expansion of coniferous forests during the Pleistocene period. These species are an important component of the region’s phytodiversity and require comprehensive study. In the course of this study, based on field observation data and analyses of literary sources, information was obtained on the taxonomic composition of this group of species, their coenotic occurrence, and the ecological and geographical characteristics. In the composition of the plant communities of the Kazakh small hills, 30 species of vascular plants were identified that belong to the boreal ecological–coenotic group of plants, differing in ecology and coenotic affiliation from plants of zonal steppe vegetation. In conditions of a sharply continental arid climate, the studied boreal species grow in special habitats—in mountain forest–steppe landscapes and moist habitats along rivers and along the shores of lakes. The largest number grows on the slopes of hills with granite outcrops as part of island pine forests. In places of increased moisture at the foot of the slopes and in depressions, which are associated with azonal forest communities, mainly small-leaved plants of this group are also found. In addition, finds of boreal plants were noted in the intrazonal meadow and swamp cenoses and on rocky slopes. As an analysis of the distribution across the territory of the small hills has shown, the maximum diversity of boreal species is concentrated in the Kokshetau and Karkaraly floristic regions, where 23 and 29 species of these plants grow, respectively. Three species of boreal plants are included in the Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan (2006) due to the small number and vulnerability of their populations; however, as the study showed, a number of other boreal species also require protection. The main threats to the conservation of populations of boreal plant species are excessive recreation and fires. Thoughtful measures are needed to preserve rare and vulnerable plant communities, including plant species growing at the border of the range.</p>","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Feature of the Use by the Demoiselle Crane (Anthropoides Virgo, Linneaus 1758) the European Part of the Range in the Spring-Summer and the Pre-Migratory Periods","authors":"E. I. Ilyashenko,&nbsp;K. D. Kondrakova,&nbsp;E. A. Mudrik,&nbsp;M. Wikelski,&nbsp;Sao Lei,&nbsp;V. Yu. Ilyashenko","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124700100","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124700100","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It was revealed by a remote monitoring that the interfluve of Eruslan and Maly Uzen and the Manych basin, which were located 600–800 km from each other, served as the most important spring-summer habitats and key trophic areas of the Caspian, Volga-Ural, and Cis-Ural subpopulations of the Demoiselle Crane (<i>Anthropoides virgo</i>, Linneaus 1758). These subpopulations nest from the Central Ciscaucasia to the Cis-Ural. Demoiselle Cranes of the Caspian subpopulation stay only in the Manych Basin during both spring-summer and trophic stage of migration, without flying outside this territory. Families from the Trans-Volga Region of the Volga-Ural subpopulation use both key areas during the trophic stage, whereas families from the Western Kazakhstan spend most of the trophic stage in the interfluve of Eruslan and Maly Uzen and move to the Manych basin before the start of the transit stage of an autumn migration. The total area of the territory that is used by Demoiselle Cranes in the interfluve of Eruslan and Maly Uzen, as well as in the Manych basin, was 6948.6 and 29457.2 km² respectively. The Volga-Ural subpopulation uses a larger territory in the Manych basin compared to the Caspian subpopulation, which adheres to the coastal zone of the Manych. Cranes which breed in the Manych basin are the first to begin the transit stage of a migration and their departure time is the most extended. The Demoiselle Cranes of the Volga-Ural subpopulation fly away at a later and shorter time.</p>","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Phytocoenotic Potential of Pastures on the Sand Massifs of the Don Basin","authors":"M. V. Vlasenko,&nbsp;A. K. Kulik","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124700057","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124700057","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The phytocenotic potential of pasture ecosystems of the Tsimlyanskii sand massif using the ecological scales of humidity, soil reaction, and soil richness in mineral nitrogen of G. Ellenberg is studied. This work is based on landscape-bioecological and ecological-morphological research methods using methods for studying the structure, stability and development of plant communities. It has been established that the family types &lt;i&gt;Poaceae&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Fabaceae&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Asteraceae&lt;/i&gt; play the greatest role in projective coverage. The predominant life form of vegetation at all sites studied are is 40–71%. The average productivity of phytocenoses is 156–287 g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. The species composition and productivity of pasture phytocenoses changes noticeably depending on the humidity, physicochemical properties, and the richness of the soil in mineral nitrogen. On moist, non-drying, slightly acidic soils with an average nitrogen content, edificators are &lt;i&gt;Agrostis canina&lt;/i&gt; L.&lt;i&gt;, A. tenuis&lt;/i&gt; Sibth., &lt;i&gt;Thlaspi arvense&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;Typha angustifolia&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;T. latifolia&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;Tanacetum vulgare&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;Phragmites australis&lt;/i&gt; (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., and &lt;i&gt;Scirpus lacustris&lt;/i&gt; L. Under average moisture conditions, on slightly acidic soils with an average nitrogen content, edificators are &lt;i&gt;Achillea millefolium&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;Astragalus arenarius&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;Elytrigia repens&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Nevski, &lt;i&gt;Medicago falcata&lt;/i&gt; L., and &lt;i&gt;Phleum pratense&lt;/i&gt; L. Under average moisture conditions, on slightly acidic soils rich in mineral nitrogen, edificators are &lt;i&gt;Apera spica-venti&lt;/i&gt; (L.) P.Beauv., &lt;i&gt;Atriplex tatarica&lt;/i&gt; L., and &lt;i&gt;Calamagrostis epigeios&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Roth. Under average moisture conditions, on neutral soils with an average nitrogen content, edificators are &lt;i&gt;Artemisia abrotanum&lt;/i&gt; L&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Cirsium incanum&lt;/i&gt; (SG Gmel.) Fisch., &lt;i&gt;Gypsophila paniculata&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;Inula germanica&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;Juncus gerardii&lt;/i&gt; Loisel., and &lt;i&gt;Senecio erucifolius&lt;/i&gt; L&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; On dry, slightly acidic soils with an average nitrogen content, edificators are &lt;i&gt;Chamaecytisus ruthenicus&lt;/i&gt; (Fisch. ex Wol) and &lt;i&gt;Festuca valesiaca&lt;/i&gt; Gaudin&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; On dry, slightly acidic and mineral nitrogen-poor soils, edificators are &lt;i&gt;Anisantha tectorum&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Nevski, &lt;i&gt;Artemisia campestris&lt;/i&gt; L&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;A. maritima&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;A. marschalliana&lt;/i&gt; Spreng&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;A. scoparia&lt;/i&gt; Waldst. &amp; Kit&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Bromopsis inermis&lt;/i&gt; (Leyss.) Holub, &lt;i&gt;Crepis tectorum&lt;/i&gt; L., &lt;i&gt;Koeleria glauca&lt;/i&gt; (Spreng.) DC., &lt;i&gt;Leymus racemosus&lt;/i&gt; (Lam.) Tzvelev, &lt;i&gt;Potentilla incana&lt;/i&gt; P. Gaertn., B. Mey. &amp; Scherb&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Psammophiliella muralis&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Ikonn&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Stipa capillata&lt;/i&gt; L. Under conditions of sufficient and variable moisture, on neutral and slightly acidic soils with an average nitrogen content, edificators are &lt;i&gt;Agropyron cristatum&lt;/i&gt; L. and &lt;i&gt;Thlaspi arvense&lt;/i&gt; L. In the brome–bushgrass–wormwood (&lt;i&gt;Bromopsis inermis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;C","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity of Malacofauna in the Caspian–Manych–Pont System in the Last Interglacial Era","authors":"T. A. Yanina,&nbsp;D. V. Semikolennykh,&nbsp;V. M. Sorokin","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124700148","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124700148","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The conditions for the formation of biodiversity and their comparative analysis at individual stages of development of the Ponto-Caspian basins in the MIS 5 era have been identified. This work was carried out based on the results of studying materials from many years of field research in the Caspian Sea and Sea of Azov–Black Sea regions and the Manych Depression. The biodiversity of malacofauna in the Caspian–Manych–Pont system under the climatic conditions of the MIS 5 era is inextricably linked with the history of the development of the basins. In the Caspian Sea, two transgressive basins have been reconstructed: the Late Khazarian and Hyrcanian. The Late Khazarian malacofauna of the northern part of the paleo-Caspian Sea is represented by 26 species, the main part of which are Caspian endemics belonging to the Cardiidae family. The index species is &lt;i&gt;Didacna surachanica&lt;/i&gt; Andrusov, 1910&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; The Hyrcanian malacofauna includes 22 species, the main part of which are also Caspian endemics. Characteristic types are &lt;i&gt;Didacna subcatillus&lt;/i&gt; Andrusov, 1910 and &lt;i&gt;Didacna cristata&lt;/i&gt; Bogachev, 1932. The composition of the malacofauna was determined by the main factors: the degree of inheritance from the previous basin, the salinity and temperature of the aquatic environment, and the introduction of freshwater fauna with river runoff. The influence of “random” catastrophic factors, such as the breakthrough of a periglacial lake and the flow of its waters into the Caspian Sea, which sharply changed the biodiversity of the Hyrcanian basin compared to the Late Khazarian basin, is significant. In the Pontian basin, the Karangatian transgression developed in three stages. The malacofaunal composition in the northeastern part of the Pontian basin is represented by 37 species, the main part of which are marine Mediterranean species, both euryhaline and stenohaline. Each stage is characterized by its own complex of malacofauna with varying degrees of development of euryhaline or stenohaline elements in them. The second complex, corresponding to the maximum stage of transgression, was characterized by the greatest diversity and the presence of the most halophilic elements. An important feature of the third complex is the presence of Caspian species characteristic of the Hyrcanian transgression of the Caspian Sea. In the Manych Depression, events closely related to the development of the Caspian and Pontian basins were reconstructed: the ingression gulf of the Karangatian transgression of the Pontian basin in the second stage of its development; reduction in the length of the bay, with the simultaneous advance of waters of the Hyrcanian transgression and their discharge into the bay; complete release of the depression from the Karangatian waters and the discharge of the waters of the Hyrcanian transgression into the Karangatian basin in the third stage of development. In the Pontian basin, species diversity was determined by the composition of the m","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Climate in Shaping the Modern-Day Evolution of Insular Steppes of Southeastern Siberia","authors":"I. E. Trofimova,&nbsp;A. S. Balybina","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124700069","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124700069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of a study of long-term climatic conditions in the “ground layer of the air–soil” system in the island steppes of southeastern Siberia are discussed. It is noted that against the background of increasing severity of winters and continental climate of the surface atmosphere in the direction from northwest to southeast, winter cooling of the soil intensifies in the same direction, and summer warming increases slightly. Significant differences in the annual amplitude of soil temperature at depths in territorially separated island steppes were recorded. Its highest values are in Southern Transbaikalia, which corresponds to a sharply continental soil climate. Based on long-term series of the average annual air and soil temperatures and the amount of atmospheric precipitation per year, the trends in their changes in recent decades have been determined. The linear trends in air and soil temperatures are positive almost everywhere, and their long-term series are characterized by good consistency. Atmospheric precipitation in Southern Transbaikalia tends to decrease; in the Cis-Baikal region, the insignificant linear trend has both positive and negative signs.</p>","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Functional Role of Land Cadastre Elements under Conditions of Arid Soil Formation","authors":"Z. G. Zalibekov,&nbsp;I. N. Ismailov,&nbsp;M. E. Kotenko,&nbsp;R. A. Magomedov,&nbsp;Z. M. Mustafaev,&nbsp;Kh. M. Gamzatova","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124010165","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124010165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The functions that determine physicochemical and biological processes that contribute to the development of soil formation and elements of the Land Registry are considered. Modern trends in soil development are characterized by intensification of use and reduction of their functioning areas. The mechanism of formation of objects of anthropogenic soil formation and elements of the Land Cadastre has been studied in the Terek–Kuma Lowland, which is one of the main regions of the Caspian Lowland, which is prone to desertification and aridization. The hierarchical system of objects of the Land Cadastre according to the scale of the functions performed is differentiated at the level of gradations of global, federal, and constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities. The analysis of the elements of the Land Cadastre and their role in a multi-sectoral plan was carried out using the ecological–biosphere concept of soil formation, the fundamental basis of which boils down to the differentiation of objects into two groups: the sphere of objects of human economic activities, as a result of which land biomass is created and oxygen is produced using carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and the sphere of industries, housing construction, and transport communications, which consume biogenic energy and organic matter. In addition to the selected groups, the sphere of geological deposits is included. The technogenic cover, consisting of elements simultaneously performing the functions of cadastral registration and processes of anthropogenic soil formation, has been determined starting from detailed survey scales (1 : 100 and 1 : 1000). The cadastral burden at the most highly detailed scales of research creates a minimal burden. At the first stage of cadastral registration, the assessment is carried out covering individual areas and fields of crop rotation and the elements of the minimum size used when performing field work. At the second stage, larger objects are allocated as production units (crop rotation lands, team plots, and pasture rotation fields). The variety of objects of the Land Cadastre and their combination with the technosphere create a special structure of categories of biotic and abiotic natures that are ubiquitous on the earth’s surface. The emergence of a land cadastre and its assessment are determined by the production functions necessary to create favorable conditions for obtaining economic products. Cadastral objects act here as a factor of anthropogenic soil formation. Their influence is manifested in changes in soil properties: the temperature of the surface layers of the earth, the content of humus, the dry residue of easily soluble salts, volumetric weight, and water permeability. The cadastral content of the technogenic soil cover resulting from the influence of the anthropogenic factor is in a state of dynamic development due to two factors: the market economy and the direction of the arid type of soil formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halomorphic Soils of Coastal Designs of Endorous Pulsating Chloride Lakes During the Regressive (Arid) Climatic Phase","authors":"L. L. Ubugunov,&nbsp;A. D. Zhambalova,&nbsp;V. I. Ubugunova,&nbsp;T. A. Ayushina,&nbsp;A. S. Syrenzhapova","doi":"10.1134/S2079096124010153","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2079096124010153","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past half century, global warming has become one of humanity’s serious problems, which is accompanied by ecosystem reactions, that is, climate aridization and subsequent desertification of landscapes. In southeastern Transbaikalia (Dauria) and the bordering regions of Mongolia and China, the problem is intensified by regionally occurring cyclical (approximately 30-year) humid (transgressive) and arid (regressive) climate phases. In these territories there are more than 500 drainless salt and brackish lakes of various chemical compositions and varying degrees of mineralization. Naturally, all the ongoing climate changes are clearly reflected in the hydrology and chemical composition of these reservoirs and in the landscapes of lake depressions, including the soil cover. During the regressive climate phase, we conducted studies of the main types of soils in the lakeside depression of the pulsating chloride Lake Bab’e. Their morphology, particle size distribution, physicochemical and other properties, composition, and salinity chemistry were studied for the first time. It has been established that these soils form a genetically related series of saline soils: quasi-gley solonchaks of the chloride type of salinity–humus-quasi-gley saline soils–light humus saline soils. It was revealed that the formation of salt marshes is directly influenced by highly mineralized lake waters. Humus-quasi-gley saline soils formed in superaquatic positions are periodically affected by lake waters and are active only in the humid climate phase. Also, the research results indicated that in humus-quasi-gley and light humus soils, chloride–soda and soda-chloride salinization of the lower horizons was noted. The obtained materials will be necessary for monitoring saline soils and ecosystems of lakeside depressions of cyclically pulsating highly mineralized drainless reservoirs in the transboundary territories of Transbaikalia (Russia), Mongolia, and China during global and regional climate changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44316,"journal":{"name":"Arid Ecosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}