Health Psychology Report最新文献

{"title":"Typology of parents with alcohol consumption: insights from cluster analysis on psychopathology and parenting experiences.","authors":"Clémence Cier-Dehez, Patrick Raynal, Natalène Séjourné","doi":"10.5114/hpr/207514","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/207514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies have highlighted the negative impact of parental drinking on offspring, but the perception of drinking parents about their parenting role remains poorly explored. This study assessed the parental sense of competence among individuals with alcohol consumption and examined the relationship with parental guilt, burnout, and psychopathological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The sample was composed of 759 individuals who had at least one child aged below 18 living at home. Participants answered questionnaires measuring alcohol consumption, parental sense of competence, parental burnout and guilt, and psychopathological symptoms (anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An analysis comparing participants having low/no alcohol consumption with those having higher consumption showed that parents of the latter group had lower scores of perceived parental competence, higher scores of parental guilt and burnout, and higher levels of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms. A cluster analysis was performed in the subsample with higher alcohol consumption. This identified a cluster (\"High\") with participants scoring well above the mean in psychopathology, while another cluster (\"Low\") included individuals scoring below the mean. The \"High\" cluster, compared to the \"Low\" cluster, exhibited lower scores in sense of competence, higher burnout and guilt, and higher alcohol use, with large effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, parents with higher alcohol consumption perceived themselves as less competent and experienced more significant mental health challenges. However, among those parents, cluster analysis identified one group with higher psychopathology and negative parenting experiences coexisting with another group having lower psychopathology and more positive parenting experiences, suggesting a contrasted typology in parents with higher alcohol consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"13 3","pages":"284-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern racism contributes to overall less pain management and a \"one size fits all\" approach.","authors":"Mollie A Ruben, Adele E Weaver, Lynda A R Stein","doi":"10.5114/hpr/207686","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/207686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Black, Latine, and Asian patients report higher levels of pain and experience more pain treatment disparities compared to White patients. Providers' modern racism might lessen the attention to such disparities and therefore affect how they manage pain. The aim of this study was to identify differences in pain management among participants high vs. low in modern racism and who vary in racial and gender identity according to race and gender of the patient.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 762) were purposefully sampled on Prolific, a crowdsourcing website, to vary in race (White, Black, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Multiracial) and gender (cisgender men, cisgender women, transgender men, transgender women, nonbinary, genderqueer, agender, two-spirit, gender nonconforming, multiple genders). In a cross-sectional survey study, participants were randomly assigned to read 20 hypothetical emergency medicine vignettes of acute injuries that varied by patient race (White, Black, Latine, and Asian) and patient gender (cisgender woman, cisgender man, nonbinary, transgender woman, transgender man). Participants rated the extent of pain management for each vignette. Participants self-reported modern racism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants low in modern racism provided more pain management to Black patients than all other groups, while participants high in modern racism provided similar amounts of pain management to all racial groups, but less pain management overall. In addition, among White participants, men prescribed less pain management to Black patients than women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that modern racism predicts racial disparities in pain management in addition to participant gender and racial identity.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"13 3","pages":"226-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity, home and leisure activities, and neuropsychological performance in middle-aged and older adults living in the community.","authors":"Natalia Gawron, Aleksander Zębrowski","doi":"10.5114/hpr/205093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/205093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a large body of evidence linking physical activity (PA) with improved cognition in later life. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between current neuropsychological functioning and PA, as well as home and leisure activities in middle-aged and older people. Visuospatial functions were of particular interest.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Fifty men and 54 women aged 50-81 years participated in the study. The assessment included standardised or experimental neuropsychological tasks and PA monitoring with a pedometer. In addition, home and leisure activities were examined. These included daily activities related to free time - physical, social, cultural, intellectual and spiritual. The cognitive tasks assessed perceptual processing speed, visuospatial abilities, construction, attention, working memory and executive function. To obtain more general measures of cognitive function, two cognitive factors were extracted using principal components analysis. Correlation analysis and a general linear model examined whether PA, as measured by walking, engaging in home and leisure activities, and age were cross-sectionally associated with neuropsychological performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study group, engaging in a variety of domestic and leisure activities was linked to better performance in the Visuospatial/Executive Function and Working Memory/Executive Function factors. Older age was associated with lower Visuospatial/Executive Function factor scores. Walking volume was not associated with the cognitive factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study support the hypothesis that having a rich cognitive and physical lifestyle can be beneficial to cognitive function in middle and older adulthood. Further research is needed to better understand the links between neuropsychological performance, physical activity and home and leisure activities in these age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"14 3","pages":"246-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13489823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfectionism and objective physical health in older adults: a mediational analysis of psychological distress.","authors":"Pablo Monteagudo, Alessandra De Maria, Ainoa Roldan, Ana Cordellat-Marzal, Sacramento Pinazo-Hernandis, Cristina Blasco-Lafarga","doi":"10.5114/hpr/205355","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/205355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research has suggested that the relationship between perfectionism and perceived health may be mediated by psychological distress. However, there is a lack of studies that demonstrate this relationship in older adults and that also use objective physical health measures (such as physical fitness). This study aimed to investigate whether the associations between perfectionistic dimensions and physical fitness in older adults are mediated by psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Older adults (<i>N</i> = 121; 90 women) were evaluated for perfectionism (perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns), psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, and upper limb strength). The mediation model was run with the PROCESS macro for SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns significantly and positively predicted depression, anxiety, and stress (all <i>p</i> < .050). Anxiety negatively predicted balance, while depression negatively predicted upper limb strength (both <i>p</i> < .050). Mediation analyses indicated that perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns were associated with poorer balance via higher levels of depression. Both dimensions were also associated with less upper limb strength via higher levels of anxiety. No associations were found between perfectionism and cardiorespiratory fitness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings support the idea that psychological distress has an important role in the link between perfectionism and physical health in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"13 3","pages":"259-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of a communal workplace climate in occupational well-being: associations with lower burnout and higher work engagement.","authors":"Paweł Jurek, Magdalena Wyszomirska-Góra","doi":"10.5114/hpr/203970","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/203970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to examine the predictive role of communal and agentic workplace climates in relation to work engagement and job burnout among Polish employees across various industries. A communal workplace climate emphasizes organizational and managerial priorities related to fostering positive relationships among employees, whereas an agentic workplace climate highlights a focus on employee productivity and performance.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Two cross-sectional studies comprising a total sample of 910 participants were conducted. Each study utilized distinct methods for measuring burnout and work engagement. The research employed multiple linear regression models and path analysis to explore how these climates affect employee outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings from the study indicate that a communal workplace climate is associated with significantly lower levels of burnout and higher levels of work engagement. In contrast, an agentic workplace climate marginally contributes to burnout, displaying a positive relationship - indicating that stronger perceptions of the workplace as agentic are associated with increased burnout. However, it also weakly correlates with increased work engagement. Additionally, attitudes toward the organization were found to mediate these relationships.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research highlights the beneficial effects of a communal climate in reducing burnout and boosting engagement, while also pointing out the complexities introduced by an agentic climate. The results contribute to understanding how to create more optimal and psychologically safe work environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"13 3","pages":"271-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"If they knew I was gay... would I be accepted? Anxiety and depression in gay men who have or have not come out in the context of acceptance.","authors":"Dorota Mącik, Wojciech Kędziora","doi":"10.5114/hpr/200847","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/200847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Poland, exclusionary societal attitudes towards gay men continue to persist. The stress associated with a lack of acceptance is considered a significant component of minority stress, which, in turn, leads to anxiety and depression. The aim of the present research was to investigate whether coming out differentiates gay men in terms of the severity of anxiety and depression and to explore the factors that explain these differences.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>A total of 304 participants who identified themselves as gay men (age 18-44, <i>M</i> = 27, <i>SD</i> = 6) completed four questionnaires: the State-Trait Personality Inventory to measure anxiety and depression traits; the Attitudes Towards Homosexuality Scale (with modifications to assess the participant's beliefs about how heterosexual society perceives non-heteronormative sexual minorities); the Perceived Acceptance Scale to evaluate the perceived acceptance from mothers, fathers, family, and friends; and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to measure global self-esteem. They were also asked if they had come out. Participants were recruited using two social networking platforms: Facebook and Fellow. Hierarchical regression analysis was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the case of non-disclosure of sexual identity, anxiety and depression were primarily explained by the lack of acceptance from friends, the perception that others fear homosexual individuals, and low self-esteem. In men who had come out, anxiety and depression were negatively associated with acceptance from friends and both parents, positively with perceiving others as discriminatory and critical. The percentage of variance explained by each variable was significant, ranging from 32% to 42%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Perceiving others' attitudes as anxious may hinder the coming-out process, but also disclosing one's orientation is associated with experiencing discrimination and criticism. In both cases it relates to the intensification of anxiety and depression. The most protective factors seem to be experiencing acceptance, especially from friends.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147357358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and post-pandemic consequences of body dysmorphic disorder: a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Jonathan Martínez-Líbano, José Miguel Ahumada Reyes, Andrea Sarmiento Passalacqua, Jair Alier Collao Molina, Jovania Gallegos Bulnes","doi":"10.5114/hpr/202321","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/202321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has had a growing impact in Western cultures, manifesting itself in social pressures to achieve physical standards, affecting both men and women. Media influences have magnified these ideals, promoting a standardized body appearance, which has generated an increase in appearance-related disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated body concerns. Therefore, we aimed to determine the post-pandemic prevalence and its consequences. For these purposes, a systematic review was carried out based on the PRISMA strategy to identify relevant studies between 2019 and 2023 in databases such as Web of Science and Scopus. Selection criteria were applied, including cross-sectional or longitudinal studies that focused on populations without a previous diagnosis of BDD and used clinical instruments. Of the 52 articles identified, 10 met the inclusion criteria and were selected. Four were used for the systematic review and 6 to carry out the meta-analysis. The prevalence of BDD was high, at 20.8% (6 studies, logOR = 0.208 [95% CI: 0.121-0.294], <i>Z</i> = 4.69, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>I</i> ² = 98.51%). In conclusion, the restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic such as remaining in isolation, the closure of beauty services, and the increase in the use of social networks and video calls increased anxiety and stress levels in patients diagnosed with BDD and also in people with symptoms related to BDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"13 3","pages":"215-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and psychometric evaluation of the Polish version of the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI-PL).","authors":"Magdalena M Rowicka, Mark D Griffiths, Attila Szabo","doi":"10.5114/hpr/200761","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/200761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise addiction (EA) is manifested by loss of control over exercising and experiencing numerous negative consequences. One of the most commonly used psychometric instruments to assess the risk of exercise addiction is the six-item Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI). The present study translated and validated the EAI into Polish and evaluated its psychometric properties.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The study included 858 adult participants (54% female) aged between 18 and 69 years (<i>M</i> = 35.20, <i>SD</i> = 9.54) who exercised recreationally. Participants completed the EAI along with exercise-specific questions and basic demographics. Additionally, a subsample (<i>n</i> = 214) completed the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the construct validity of the Polish EAI. Convergent and criterion validity, as well as reliability, were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CFA confirmed the one-factor model with good fit statistics (comparative fit index and Tucker-Lewis index > .95, root-mean square error of approximation < .08). The EAI was invariant between men and women. Convergent validity was adequate. The scale's internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's α = .91, McDonald's ω = .91, and composite reliability = .91).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study successfully validated the EAI among Polish adults. The results provide robust evidence concerning the scale's reliability, construct validity, and convergent validity, enabling further research on exercise addiction in Poland.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"14 1","pages":"99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The moderating roles of social support and spirituality in the relationship between complicated grief and quality of life among women who have experienced pregnancy loss.","authors":"Sebastian B Skalski-Bednarz, Teresa Loichen, Loren Toussaint, Adrianna Mendrek, Karol Konaszewski, Janusz Surzykiewicz","doi":"10.5114/hpr/196641","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/196641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is widely known that losing a baby is a stressful experience in a woman's life. However, the mechanisms through which loss and grief affect mental health are complex and multifaceted. Based on the framework of stress-and-coping theory, this cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the potential moderating effects of social support, resilience, and spirituality on the relationship between complicated grief and quality of life among women who have experienced pregnancy loss.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Data from paper-pencil surveys were obtained from 333 Bavarian females aged 18-67 years who had suffered the loss of a pregnancy. Moderated regression modelling using 5,000 bootstrap confidence intervals was conducted to test the hypotheses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results confirmed the moderating role of spirituality and social support. More specifically, the relationship between complicated grief and quality of life was significant when social support or spirituality was low and non-significant when levels of each moderator were high. While resilience was a positive predictor of quality of life, it did not prove to be a significant moderator in the impact of complicated grief.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that healthcare providers and support systems should consider tailoring interventions that focus on spirituality and social support to break the negative impact of experiences related to pregnancy loss on overall mental health. Nevertheless, it is important to note that the data were drawn from support groups organized by Caritas Germany, underscoring the need for more diverse demographic representation to enhance generaliz-ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"14 1","pages":"24-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is life worth living for? A systematic review on meaning in life and meaning in work as protective factors for healthcare professionals' wellbeing.","authors":"Gaia Corbella, Antonia Pierobon, Marina Maffoni","doi":"10.5114/hpr/199541","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/199541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The wellbeing of healthcare professionals is a topic of utmost importance in public health, given the close connection between healthcare professionals' mental health and their ability to provide high-quality care. A promising protective resource is the concept of \"meaning in life\" (MiL), defined as the extent to which people give meaning and purpose to their lives. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement on three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science), searching for MiL and its influence on wellbeing among healthcare professionals. Only quantitative and qualitative research papers published in English-language peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2022 were considered eligible. Initially, 842 papers were retrieved. After the removal of duplicates, screening (title, abstract, full text) and quality check, 19 articles were included in the review. A narrative summary and description of the findings were given. The main findings demonstrate that a variety of sociodemographic variables (i.e. age, gender) and personality traits (i.e. self-esteem, attachment style, functional coping strategies, optimism, hope, social support) can positively impact fostering MiL, which, in turn, prevents psychological malaise. Moreover, for the majority of healthcare professionals, their work serves as a crucial source for sustaining personal MiL. Thus, workplace health promotion interventions should focus on the dimension of MiL, which can potentially act as a protective factor to preserve and improve the wellbeing of healthcare workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"13 2","pages":"111-132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}