Health Psychology Report最新文献

{"title":"Mental health of intellectually gifted individuals: investigating the nonlinearity of the relationship between intelligence and general mental health.","authors":"Stanisław K Czerwiński, Paweł A Atroszko, Roman Konarski","doi":"10.5114/hpr/187337","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/187337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite intelligence being generally related to better mental health, individuals with extremely high levels of intelligence (also often referred to as gifted) are frequently viewed to be socially maladjusted, emotionally unstable, and eccentric. Although this view has existed for decades, the scientific data on this subject are highly inconsistent and suffer from several methodological limitations.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>In this study, to test whether the relationship between general intelligence and general mental health is nonlinear in such a way that at extreme values of intelligence the relationship turns from positive to negative the data from eight waves of the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) were used (<i>N</i> range from 2,870 to 7,984), with intelligence being assessed at age 10, and mental health being assessed with several different measures at ages 16, 26, 30, 34, 42, 46 and 50. Quadratic regression, as well as spline regression, which divides the dataset into intervals, creates a separate regression for each interval and then smooths out the breakpoints, was used for analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the nonlinear models generally fit the data better than the corresponding linear models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At high values of intelligence, individuals might begin to experience unique issues affecting their mental health, despite their mental health being at potentially the same or higher level than those with average intelligence. Intellectually gifted individuals have a large potential to have a positive impact on the functioning of the whole society. Recognizing and understanding their problems may prove to be of great importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"13 1","pages":"39-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported health profiles of trauma victims with and without psychiatric histories.","authors":"Alan R King, Sara K Kuhn, Stephanie Brezinski, Michael Jowkar, Kourtney Smith","doi":"10.5114/hpr/187800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/187800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examined associations between self-reported trauma exposure and physical health status after control of variance associated with psychiatric disturbance. Physical and mental health diagnoses were examined among participants with and without histories of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>College (<i>n</i> = 2,320) and national (<i>n</i> = 663) respondents were surveyed to identify trauma histories defined using the primary DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for PTSD. Respondents also identified lifetime diagnoses for a range of medical and psychiatric conditions. They were also asked to provide a self-assessment of their own current physical health status using a ten-point scaling metric.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Support was found for all three hypotheses: (H1) Self-identified trauma was associated with higher prevalence rates for 16 of 18 medical diagnoses; (H2) PTSD diagnoses were associated with higher prevalence rates than trauma alone for 6 of 16 medical conditions; and (H3) Self-reported trauma was associated with higher prevalence rates for 7 of 18 medical conditions among respondents who denied psychiatric histories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trauma exposure both with and without co-occurring psychiatric illness was associated with substantially higher rates of self-reported physical illness. Practitioners and researchers should recognize the potential significance of self-identified trauma and the range of potential biosocial implications that may warrant monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"12 4","pages":"295-307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model of quality of life in a group of people with chronic low back pain.","authors":"Urszula Ziętalewicz, Kamilla Bargiel-Matusiewicz","doi":"10.5114/hpr/185302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/185302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the leading causes of a reduction in the quality of life (QoL). Various methods effectively improve patients' performance and coping with their symptoms in the short term. The lack of focus on psychological factors, thus overlooking an important element of the holistic model, may result in the modest long-term improvement. The present study aimed to test the relationships between the variables in Wilson and Cleary's QoL model in a CLBP group and to compare them to a nonpain group.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Data were obtained from 177 people with CLBP and 160 nonpain participants. We conducted a cross-sectional study in which a multi-module self-administered questionnaire examining biological factors, personality traits, personal values, body assessment, symptoms of depression and anxiety, functional status, general perception of health, life satisfaction, received social support, economic support, satisfaction of health care and sociodemographic factors was adopted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regression models were able to explain 48.4% of the variance of QoL in the CLBP group and 30.9% in the nonpain group. Statistically significant predictors in the CLBP model were the severity of anxiety, emotional stability, receiving social support, and general health assessment and emotional stability in the nonpain group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study has enabled an initial exploratory analysis of the Wilson and Cleary model in a CLBP group. The list of factors determining the QoL should be extended to include emotional stability, social and economic support. Further research is needed to explain the relationships between variables in the model.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"12 4","pages":"337-351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Episodic forgiveness in young American adults and its pathways to distress by health, outlook, spirituality, aggression, and social support.","authors":"Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-Bednarz, Loren L Toussaint, Karol Konaszewski, Janusz Surzykiewicz","doi":"10.5114/hpr/185739","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/185739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Forgiveness is one form of emotion-focused coping, and the positive effects of such a practice on mental well-being have been confirmed by numerous meta-analyses. The biopsychosocial model assumes that feeling burdened is determined by a number of physical, psychological, and social factors, suggesting a multidimensional relationship between forgiveness and distress. In this study, we tested a model according to which various sociopsychological variables (i.e., health, outlook, spirituality, aggression, and social support) mediate the negative association between episodic forgiveness (also known as state forgiveness) and distress.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>We tested the model on a cross-sectional sample of 436 young adults from the United States (62% of whom were women) using structural equation modelling (SEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the overall model supported our indirect effects hypotheses. An analysis of specific indirect effects revealed that variables such as health, a negative outlook, aggressiveness, and social support play a special role in adaptation to stressful life events in forgiving individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between episodic forgiveness and distress can be explained through complex sociopsychological mechanisms, including feelings of health, outlook, or social support, and attitudes, experiences, and behaviours related to these mechanisms can influence each other and collectively contribute to preventing or reducing perceived burden in young American adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"13 3","pages":"236-249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and validation of the Polish-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) and its relationship to the type of delivery and the baby's Apgar score.","authors":"Paulina Pawlicka, Wiktor Wróbel, Barbara Baranowska, Daria Macewicz, Michał Olech, Caroline J Hollins Martin, Colin R Martin","doi":"10.5114/hpr/186231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/186231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal birth experience is being increasingly recognised as a key clinical outcome parameter. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is a short self-report measure designed to assess birth experience. The current investigation sought to translate the BSS-R into Polish and validate this version of the BSS-R (PL-BSS-R).</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The BSS-R was translated into Polish by an expert panel using forward and backward translation. A complex within-subjects design with an embedded between-subjects component was used to determine the key psychometric characteristics of the PL-BSS-R. Two hundred ninety-four Polish-speaking women in Poland completed the follow-up component of the study where the PL-BSS-R was administered. The PL-BSS-R measurement properties were examined using confirmatory factor analysis, divergent, convergent validity analysis, internal consistency appraisal and investigation of known-groups discriminant characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PL-BSS-R was found to have generally very good measurement properties and to be equivalent to the original English-language version across key validity indices. The PL-BBS-R was found to be significantly correlated with neonatal physical health immediately postpartum and differed across delivery modes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The PL-BSS-R is a psychometrically robust measure of birth experience appropriate for clinical and research use within Poland. Important associations were noted between subjective maternal birth experience and objective measures of neonatal physical health, indicating a critically important future research direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"12 4","pages":"369-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do relationships with parents determine citizens' reactions to war trauma?","authors":"Alicja Senejko, Ewa Gurba, Piotr Oleś, Mateusz Marek, Tomasz Franc, Krzysztof Gurba","doi":"10.5114/hpr/182931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/182931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The article concerns the psychology of trauma: the intensity of the experienced threats and reactions to the trauma in the form of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), defenses and post-traumatic growth (PTG) in Ukrainian immigrants in Poland. The issues of trauma psychology were studied in connection with the relationships with parents.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The methods used mainly concerned the specifics of experiencing strong threats (trauma) and responding to them (PCL-5 questionnaire, Psycho-Social and Psychic Defenses Questionnaire, Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory), determination of closeness to parents (Scale of Closeness to Biological Parents) and secure and non-secure attachment style (Attachment Style Questionnaire). The subjects were 178 people (including 147 women and 31 men), citizens of Ukraine, who arrived in Poland after the outbreak of war on February 24, 2022, and at the time of the study were living in and around Krakow, Wroclaw, Lublin, or Warsaw. The mean age of the subjects was 38 years (<i>SD</i> = 12.57).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the study indicate that non-secure attachment styles (anxious-avoidant and anxious-ambivalent), along with frustration of the need for competence and intensity of threats, are predictors of PTSD and non-constructive defenses. In contrast, a secure attachment style, along with frustration of the need for competence and intensity of threats, is a predictor of constructive defenses, while a secure attachment style is a predictor of PTG. Statistical analyses show that closeness to the mother is not significantly associated with any of the explained variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The accumulation of risks associated with war trauma and the necessity to cope with them are strongly associated with the ongoing war. Attachment styles support or hinder the process of adaptation. The absence of closeness to the mother among the predictors in the models tested represents the most intriguing result, to be confirmed in further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"12 4","pages":"308-321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the key drivers of responsive parenting in mothers and fathers - observed and self-reported responsiveness.","authors":"Paulina Anikiej-Wiczenbach, Maria Kaźmierczak, Stanisław Czerwiński","doi":"10.5114/hpr/181511","DOIUrl":"10.5114/hpr/181511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This article explores parental responsiveness - the ability of a parent to react to a child's needs adequately, promptly, and with tenderness and synchrony. Parental responsiveness can be measured using observational and self-report scales. The purpose of this study was to explore whether individual differences in empathy and attachment in mothers and fathers and their satisfaction with their relationship are predictors of parental responsiveness toward infants. Moreover, self-report and observational measures of parental responsiveness were compared.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>A total of 110 triads (mother, father, and child aged 6-10 months) took part in the free play procedure and parents' behaviors towards their children were assessed using the Ainsworth Sensitivity Scale. Moreover, they filled out a set of questionnaires measuring parental self-reported responsiveness, empathy, experiences in close relationships and romantic relationship satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher empathic concern was connected with higher responsiveness and this was seen in both individual and partner measures. At the individual level, measures of responsiveness (self-report and observational) were not congruent and probably depended on other variables. In couples, there were positive correlations in three aspects of their family functioning: observed and self-reported parental responsiveness as well as relationship satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed differences between self-reported and observational measures of parental responsiveness, indicating that their results may not always be congruent and could depend on other variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"12 1","pages":"39-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10900979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139997759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Becoming a father: a qualitative study on the journey to fatherhood","authors":"Václav Škvařil, Pavla Presslerová","doi":"10.5114/hpr/176082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/176082","url":null,"abstract":"The transition to fatherhood represents one of the most significant changes in a man’s life and brings many challenges. Despite the great importance of this period, empirical data on it are not abundant, with only a small amount of psychologi-cal research on fatherhood available in the Czech Republic; this topic is also rather marginalized abroad. This qualitative study aims to explore men’s unique experiences with the process of becoming a father and to understand how paternal iden-tity is shaped.Four men who had recently become fathers participated in the research. A semi-structured interview was conducted with each of them.Using the interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach, an in-depth analysis of the data identified five signifi-cant categories that emerge during the transition to fatherhood: responsibility and commitment to the child, father identity formation, fatherhood and motherhood, changes in the partner relationship and coping with the father role.The research suggests that the process of becoming a father is a long-term dynamic process, in which father identity is shaped and consolidated through a variety of situations and experiences. Within this process, paternal identity is also shaped through repeated comparisons and definitions of the role of the mother. Process of becoming a father involves de-velopmental, identity, personality, partnership and family aspects.","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"54 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived stress and life satisfaction in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of fear of childbirth and self-esteem","authors":"Rafał Gerymski, Joanna Dymecka, Adrianna Iszczuk, M. Bidzan","doi":"10.5114/hpr/174380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/174380","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the functioning and well-being of pregnant women. Negative feelings during pregnancy and the difficult pandemic situation may be the reason behind the perceived fear of childbirth, which can nega-tively affect the pregnant women’s life satisfaction. On the other hand, some protective factors, such as self-esteem, might mediate the relationship between perceived stress and well-being in pregnant women.Our study aimed to determine the relationship between perceived stress, fear of childbirth, self-esteem and life satisfaction. A total of 262 Polish pregnant women participated in this study. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Fear of Childbirth Scale (KLP II), Self-Esteem Scale (SES) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used in the study.The results showed that perceived stress, fear of childbirth and self-esteem acted as significant predictors of life satisfaction in the tested group of pregnant women. Additionally, fear of childbirth and self-esteem played a mediational role in the relationship between perceived stress and life satisfaction.According to Diener’s concept, life satisfaction is an important component of one’s subjective well-being and health. There-fore, it is important to analyse factors that may mediate the impact of stress on pregnant women’s life satisfaction. The present results might suggest that during pregnancy and preparation for childbirth, women should be provided with appro-priate psychological care. Support from medical and psychological specialists, as well as from relatives, can reduce the level of perceived fears and strengthen personal resources. Based on the present results, we conclude that the fear of childbirth and the self-esteem of pregnant women should not be underestimated, as they are important predictors of their life satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139244095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety and coping during COVID-19. Investigation of anxiety management types in a German and Polish sample","authors":"Sebastian Mueller-Haugk, Ilona Bidzan-Bluma, Monika Bidzan-Wiącek, Darshika Thejani Bulathwatta, Marcus Stueck","doi":"10.5114/hpr/171884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/171884","url":null,"abstract":"Background The study aimed to assess the differences in anxiety management types between German and Polish samples. The research was conducted in the context of health-related variables and anxiety management types during the period of March to April 2020. The research project was approved by the Ethical Committee at the Institute of Psychology at the University of Gdansk, Poland. Participants and procedure German Sample: Consisted of 323 subjects with an average age of 46 years. 73% were females, and 26% were males. Polish Sample: Included 100 subjects with an average age of 42 years. 73% were females, and 27% were males. The study collected data on various health-related variables and anxiety management types using specific measurement procedures. Results There were significant differences in the frequency distribution of anxiety management types between the Polish and Ger-man samples (p < .001). In the Polish sample, 60% showed negative anxiety management types (Sensitizer, Repressor, Highly anxious), compared to the German sample with 52%. 40% of the Polish and 48% of the German sample showed positive expressions. There were stronger significant differences in both samples regarding health-related variables, with the Polish sample being at a disadvantage. Conclusions The study provides a comprehensive insight into the anxiety management types between German and Polish samples, re-vealing distinct differences in their responses. The Polish sample exhibited a higher prevalence of negative anxiety manage-ment types compared to the German sample. These disparities can be attributed to a myriad of factors, including historical traumas, transgenerational experiences, and the influence of dominant religions in each country. The findings underscore the importance of considering cultural, historical, and religious contexts when assessing and addressing mental health and cop-ing mechanisms across different populations. Further research with larger samples and diverse groups could offer a more nuanced understanding of these patterns and their underlying causes.","PeriodicalId":44293,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology Report","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136133732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}