Journal of Modern European History最新文献_第8页

Decarbonization, Democracy and Climate Justice: The Connections Between African Mining and European Politics 脱碳、民主与气候正义：非洲矿业与欧洲政治的联系

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221113607

Iva Peša

引用次数: 0

Jewish Perversion as Strategy of Domination: The anti-Semitic Subtext of Anti-gender Discourse 作为统治策略的犹太变态：反性别话语的反犹太主义潜台词

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221120875

A. Graff

{"title":"Jewish Perversion as Strategy of Domination: The anti-Semitic Subtext of Anti-gender Discourse","authors":"A. Graff","doi":"10.1177/16118944221120875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944221120875","url":null,"abstract":"This article demonstrates how anti-gender discourse – originating in the Vatican and spreading through ultra-conservative networks such as the World Congress of Families – draws on traditions of conspiratorial anti-Semitism. The repressed link takes two forms: displacement (Judaization of sexual minorities) and attribution of blame (Jews having invented ‘gender’ to destroy Christianity). The first section outlines the structural and historical kinship between the two discourses. Anti-gender discourse continues the 19th-century strand of European anti-Semitism that operates as a cultural code for anti-modernism, reproducing its conspiratorial and polarizing structure and repeating the stereotypes of gendered anti-Semitism. Part two examines an example of disguised anti-Semitic subtext: Gabriele Kuby's Global Sexual Revolution (2015), a central text of anti-genderism, is shown to draw on the writings of E. Michael Jones, a ‘Radical Catholic Traditionalist’. Jones claims that Jews have been plotting for centuries to destroy Western Civilization and enjoys a certain popularity with the Polish right. The final section reflects on the elusiveness of the anti-Semitic subtext and its dependence on cultural context. The displacement of Jews by ‘gender’ facilitates the mainstreaming of right-wing extremism and helps legitimize radical-right groups as political players.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41928466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Environment and Democracy: An Introduction 环境与民主：导论

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221113271

S. Couperus, Liesbeth van de Grift

{"title":"Environment and Democracy: An Introduction","authors":"S. Couperus, Liesbeth van de Grift","doi":"10.1177/16118944221113271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944221113271","url":null,"abstract":"Heightened awareness and alarmism about climate change have prompted politicians, public intellectuals and scholars alike to reconsider the political values, structures and institutions with which to confront it. A number of recurring directions of thought and experiment may be distinguished. For one, ecological authoritarianism – the strand of thought that proposes to abolish or suspend democracy for the sake of achieving ‘green’ goals – testifies to the perceived shortcomings of democratic politics when it comes to immediate collective environmental action. Alternatively, and on the flipside of the same coin, democratic innovations (e.g. citizens’ assemblies, mini-publics and juries) are contemplated to improve popular input, inclusive and deliberative decision-making, and, ultimately, democratic legitimacy in the realm of environmental politics. Meanwhile, technological solutionism has permeated democratic and non-democratic policy-making alike, adding to the fragile balance of immediacy, legitimacy and technology in contemporary climate politics. What seems to be lacking in contemporary discussions about the relationship between democracy and climate change, however, is a critical-historical reflection on (or awareness of) some of the deeply ingrained hegemonic assumptions that inform it. These assumptions revolve around three interrelated and recurring orientations toward climate politics: (1) the inclination to anthropocentrism in understanding the state and development of the natural world (as opposed to a multispecies","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49202468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Dictatorship and Environment: East Germany and the Limits of Change 独裁与环境：东德与变革的极限

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221113611

Julie Ault

引用次数: 0

Gender and the Far-right in the United States: Female Extremists and the Mainstreaming of Contemporary White Nationalism 美国的性别与极右翼：女性极端主义者与当代白人民族主义主流化

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221110101

A. Stern

{"title":"Gender and the Far-right in the United States: Female Extremists and the Mainstreaming of Contemporary White Nationalism","authors":"A. Stern","doi":"10.1177/16118944221110101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944221110101","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores gender and the far-right in the United States with specific attention to female actors and gendered ideologies in the realms of culture and media. By focusing on several female extremists, I show how traditional and rigid ideas of home, marriage, family and community bolster the xenophobia and racism of white nationalism in the United States. This article includes a historical overview of the concept of metapolitics and emphasizes its centrality to the mainstreaming of the contemporary far-right. I suggest that the internet and social media have become the far-right's premier metapolitical spaces, which can help to explain both the normalization of white nationalism and the unique role of female extremists. Several case studies of far-right women elucidate how gender norms are performed online, and how they reinforce anxious narratives of white erasure and victimhood, while fomenting antagonism towards feminism, globalism and multiculturalism. This article explores how female actors are galvanizing white nationalism in the United States, as they build on earlier eras of far-right activism and amplify the far-right via social media.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47323244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

From ‘Grey Democracy’ to the ‘Green New Deal’: Post-war Democracy and the Hegemonic Imaginary of Material Politics in Western Europe 从“灰色民主”到“绿色新政”:西欧战后民主与物质政治的霸权想象

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221113288

S. Couperus, S. Milder

{"title":"From ‘Grey Democracy’ to the ‘Green New Deal’: Post-war Democracy and the Hegemonic Imaginary of Material Politics in Western Europe","authors":"S. Couperus, S. Milder","doi":"10.1177/16118944221113288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944221113288","url":null,"abstract":"even nostalgia for the post-war years, which is widespread in scholarship and the public sphere in Western Europe, makes the era a key reference point in efforts to understand the development of politics and society since 1945. In scholarship, the period ’ s resonance is readily apparent in the sparkling superlatives that have been used to describe it. In his seminal history of the short 20th century, Eric Hobsbawm describes the 1950s and 1960s as ‘ golden years ’ . 1 This characterization emphasizes the stark contrast, especially in Western Europe, between the widespread af ﬂ uence of the post-war decades and the preceding ‘ age of catastrophe ’ , a period of 30 years that saw not only the great depression but also the two world wars. Already in the mid-1950s, West Germans began to refer to the prosperity their country had attained so soon after the devastation they faced at the end of World War II as an ‘ economic miracle ’ ( Wirtschaftswunder ). In France, the economist Jean Fourastie famously termed the period from the end of the war until the 1970s the ‘ Thirty Glorious Years ’ ( trentes glorieuses ), and similar char-acterizations can be found with regard to Italy and the Netherlands. The same sort of superlative language has been re-appropriated to describe the progress of post-war democracy as well. In 1953, the German political scientists Christian-Claus Baer and","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45501098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wartime for the Planet? 为地球而战？

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-07-11 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221113281

D. Kelly

{"title":"Wartime for the Planet?","authors":"D. Kelly","doi":"10.1177/16118944221113281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944221113281","url":null,"abstract":"Amid the many discussions of how environmentalism and democratic politics might intersect, perhaps the greatest challenge for historians has come from the simultaneously emergent and epochal shift into the Anthropocene. This is because the Anthropocene signals a world ‘after nature’, but that means at least two things. First, that human beings have become geological agents, and that we have become conscious of our being geological agents, through an increasingly historical awareness of how our species has transformed planetary conditions of habitability. Secondly, and related to the first point, the once seemingly accepted divisions between a humanlycurated, and thus artificial, world of politics and a natural world or environment somehow separate from it, and indicative of a certain type of Western ‘modernity’, no longer seems tenable, if it ever was. However, as we shift, or rather stumble into the complex worlds of the Anthropocene, there is no clear point of origin around which to orient its political implications. In fact, its temporalities weave in and out of deep geological time, modern democratic time, the accelerated time of the post-1945 global order, and now into a sort of Anthropocene time of revision since 2000, the moment of its formal conceptual coining. Yet the pre-eminent theorist of history writing today, François Hartog, suggests that what he has elsewhere seductively termed a regime of historicity, that is, a sense of the complex connections between different sedimentary time-scapes of past, present, and future, is going to be difficult, if not impossible, to conceptualize in the Anthropocene. Why? ‘We have some experience of the world’s time’, Hartog writes, ‘but no experience of Anthropocene temporality is possible’ for human beings. Consequently, the construction of an Anthropocene ‘regime of historicity’ must be informed by ‘chronos time’ or the time of the world of globe – those temporalities that human experience can grasp – but still try to register the time of the planet (such as those temporalities of geological and thermal processes), which we cannot directly experience.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45852155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender and Far-right Nationalism: Historical and International Dimensions. Introduction 性别与极右翼民族主义:历史与国际维度。介绍

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221110721

I. Heinemann, A. Stern

{"title":"Gender and Far-right Nationalism: Historical and International Dimensions. Introduction","authors":"I. Heinemann, A. Stern","doi":"10.1177/16118944221110721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944221110721","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue explores the entangled history of contemporary far-right nationalism and gender. Seven case studies apply a distinct historical perspective and analyse gender as a meta-language for xenophobia, racism, and anti-Semitism since the 19th century, while solidifying patriarchy as a foundation of the contemporary as well as historical far right. Topics include family motifs in the propaganda of Alternative for Germany that draws on rhetoric and images used by the National Socialist Regime, the salience of ‘Mother India’ to Hindu Nationalism since the middle of the 20th century, the anti-Semitic subtext of anti-gender discourse in contemporary Poland that seeks to undo any attempts to integrate ‘liberal’ gender norms into official Catholicism since the 1960s, the amalgamation of anti-Semitism and homophobia in the American far-right since the 1970s, the historical roots of identitarian gender concepts in Austria, a historical take on the relationship between ‘metapolitics’ and gender, and an intellectual history of how today's neo-fascism engages in perpetual historical reflexivity. The special issue – while attentive to the transnational and transatlantic dimensions of the contemporary far-right – is both integrative and organized in distinct case studies. Methods used are archival research and analysis, critical review of discursive and political strategies, media content analysis, and mapping of national and transnational networks. Several authors underscore the crucial role of social media platforms and memes in the making and messaging of contemporary far-right nationalism, others rely on more ‘traditional’ media such as journal articles, political speeches and texts. Taken together, the papers in this volume highlight several overlapping themes relevant to the historical study of far-right nationalism and gender and its contemporary transformations: (1) essentialism, (2) racism, and (3) and memes and discourses.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47399595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Gendered Analysis of Hindutva Imaginaries: Manipulation of Symbols for Ethnonationalist Projects 印度教想象的性别分析:民族民族主义项目的符号操纵

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221110725

Mrinal Pande

{"title":"Gendered Analysis of Hindutva Imaginaries: Manipulation of Symbols for Ethnonationalist Projects","authors":"Mrinal Pande","doi":"10.1177/16118944221110725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944221110725","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1980s, feminist scholars have explored the dynamic linkages between nationalism and gender. Case studies have shown representations of women as reproducers, transmitters of culturally sanctioned behaviour, signifiers of ethnic groups and markers of national identity and honour. The emergence of social media created a new digital arena for the circulation of tropes related to gender and nationalism, and the recent rise of Hindu nationalism in India was reflected and perpetuated in social media. This article explores several memes in the intersecting discourse of gender and Hindu nationalism and investigates memes, tweets, Facebook posts and hashtags that were used on social media during the general elections held in India in 2019. Such media content reveals the extent to which nationalist projects relied on gender norms. Although there is no fixed pattern in terms of how gender shapes memes and digital images, we can identify gendered ideologies of nationalism that embrace patriarchal forms of social organization. The article shows that current online discourses of Hindu nationalism often perpetuate patterns of heteronormative, hegemonic masculinity embedded in satire and jokes. Though women's participation and visibility are on the rise in the Global South, sexism and misogyny manifest as mediatized satire in political memes.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48400814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Volk and Family: National Socialist Legacies and Gender Concepts in the Rhetoric of the Alternative for Germany 民族与家庭:德国另类修辞中的国家社会主义遗产与性别概念

IF 0.5 3区历史学

Journal of Modern European History Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.1177/16118944221110713

I. Heinemann

{"title":"Volk and Family: National Socialist Legacies and Gender Concepts in the Rhetoric of the Alternative for Germany","authors":"I. Heinemann","doi":"10.1177/16118944221110713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16118944221110713","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses how the Alternative for Germany (AfD) conflated images of the traditional family with the nation and a racially-defined notion of ‘Volk’, consciously repackaging terms from the 1930s for current political use. Taking a comparative and historical perspective, the article situates the family rhetoric and policies of the AfD in the historical debates on family, reproduction, and women that characterized Germany from the post-war period to the early 21st century. Exploring how the AfD sought to portray and regulate women's roles and reproductive decision-making, the article argues that the party sought to produce an authentic take on family and gender politics, the racism of which went practically unchallenged. It presents four analytical dimensions to grasp the specific biologist family-centrism and anti-gender approach of the AfD in comparison to National Socialism family rhetoric and policies. Sources come from official party platforms, less formal speeches and social media content of party representatives, newspaper coverage and reports by the German Intelligence Service, Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz.","PeriodicalId":44275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Modern European History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45057600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0