Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe最新文献_第4页

Global Income Inequality – A Case Study of OECD Countries and Kazakhstan 全球收入不平等——以经合组织国家和哈萨克斯坦为例

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.35

S. Jumambayev, A. Dzhulaeva, S. Baimukhanova, G. Ilyashova, A. Dosmbek

{"title":"Global Income Inequality – A Case Study of OECD Countries and Kazakhstan","authors":"S. Jumambayev, A. Dzhulaeva, S. Baimukhanova, G. Ilyashova, A. Dosmbek","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.35","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a study into the features of the formation of economic inequality in Kazakhstan in the context of global trends in the country’s development. The methodological basis of the study was a comparative analysis of the former Soviet Union (FSU) and OECD countries in terms of economic development and inequality in the context of global changes and trends, implemented with the help of econometric and economic‑statistical methods. The study revealed a direct statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation between the level of income concentration of the 10% group and the economic growth of Iceland (r = 0.67) and the Republic of Belarus (r = 0.65). In the case of the Republic of Kazakhstan, no such correlation was found. However, in Kazakhstan, the link between the 10% group’s income concentration and gross domestic product per capita has been established. The dynamics of GDP growth and the values of Kazakhstan’s population’s real money incomes have a stable inverse relationship. The correlation coefficient between them is r = –0.46, and the determination coefficient is R = 0.215, based on data from 2008 to 2020. This suggests that economic growth is still the most important factor that influences the population’s real income. The results of the study will be put into practice by familiarizing government officials with the developed proposals for enhancing the state’s policy of overcoming economic inequality and setting the stage for sustainable economic growth. In addition, the results of this study will be of interest to academic science, actualizing new directions for further research.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82450830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Credit Guarantee Schemes – Are They Efficient? Experience from European Union Countries 信贷保证计划是否有效?来自欧盟国家的经验

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.31

Halina Waniak‑Michalak, M. Wozniak, R. Lisowski

{"title":"Credit Guarantee Schemes – Are They Efficient? Experience from European Union Countries","authors":"Halina Waniak‑Michalak, M. Wozniak, R. Lisowski","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.31","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to assess selected elements of the business models of credit guarantee schemes (CGSs) implemented in 20 European Union countries within the financial framework between 2007 and 2013. This paper focuses on the CGSs’ financial additionality that depends mainly on how these programs are managed, the institutions implementing them, the objectives set and their distribution constraints. We analyse the implementation costs and the use of the funds allocated to implement the schemes. To reach the goal, we used several methods: the Kruskal‑Wallis by ranks, the median test, discriminant analysis, multidimensional scaling, and correlation. We also did the power analysis. We discovered that the efficiency of CGS implemented by non‑governmental organisations, mutual guarantee funds and regional agencies is related to the level of regional development. The relationship is not visible only when banks are engaged, which may be due to the impossibility of assigning a bank’s activities to a single region. However, we did not find differences in efficiency between types of organisations that implement CGSs. The answers to the research questions posed in the article can help policymakers and researchers conclude whether it is cost‑effective to continue supporting CGSs and whether the management of these schemes should change. The paper contributes to the economic policy theory in the area of state aid to SMEs and public finance.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87639385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multinationals in Russia and Ukraine in the Face of War – the Stakeholders’ Perspective 面对战争的俄罗斯和乌克兰跨国公司——利益相关者的视角

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.27

M. Marcinkowska

引用次数: 1

The Impact of COVID–19 on EU‑China Trade Flows 新冠肺炎疫情对中欧贸易流动的影响

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.34

Dominika Choroś-Mrozowska

{"title":"The Impact of COVID–19 on EU‑China Trade Flows","authors":"Dominika Choroś-Mrozowska","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.34","url":null,"abstract":"COVID–19 is expected to have contributed towards changing the geographical structure of world trade, including trade between individual EU countries and China. This article presents the results of an analysis of the impact of the COVID–19 pandemic on Sino‑EU trade flows. The research aims to ascertain whether European Union countries noted a strengthening of their competitive advantage in trade with China in any of the 21 HS sections by increasing the value of the normalized revealed comparative advantage index (NRCA). To identify and select the most significant NRCA observations, Chebyshev’s inequality was used. The analysis was carried out for 2015 to 2020, with a particular emphasis on 2020, when the first effects of the COVID–19 pandemic were recorded. EU‑China trade relations have been the subject of numerous studies, but their nature has not yet been fully elucidated. This article tries to fill that gap. The analysis of mutual trade, especially at such an important moment from the socio‑economic perspective, can bring significant results. The analysis revealed that the pandemic did not result in any decline in EU‑China trade. In fact, global trade rose in 2020, with most of the 27 EU countries recording increases in both imports and exports. There were also no significant changes in the structure of the distribution of comparative advantage. However, in contrast to the previously analyzed years (2015–2019), in 2020, the NRCA index shows a flatter distribution, suggesting that most EU countries with the highest comparative advantages actually observed reductions in them.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83441505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ukrainian Agro‑Food Sector in the Context of Global Patterns of Environmental Innovation Development 全球环境创新发展模式背景下的乌克兰农业粮食部门

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.29

B. Burkynskyi, L. Kupinets, N. Andryeyeva, O. Shershun

引用次数: 1

A Gain or a Loss? The Consequences of Brexit in the Opinions of Polish Migrants 是得还是失?波兰移民眼中英国脱欧的后果

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.28

S. Fel, Marek Wódka, Jarosław Kozak

引用次数: 1

Forecasting of the Employment Rate in the EU ICT Field 欧盟信息通信技术领域就业率预测

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.19

T. Zatonatska, Yuriy Klapkiv, O. Dluhopolskyi, Olha Fedirko

{"title":"Forecasting of the Employment Rate in the EU ICT Field","authors":"T. Zatonatska, Yuriy Klapkiv, O. Dluhopolskyi, Olha Fedirko","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.19","url":null,"abstract":"The ingrained tendency to implement information and communication technologies (ICT) in EU enterprises over the last decade has caused dramatic changes in the labor market. Since the demand for ICT personnel is growing, there is still a need to create a comprehensive strategy to effectively manage ICT specialists when restructuring enterprises. The aim of the research is to identify transferring processes between low‑ and high‑skilled ICT personnel and predict the employment rate in the ICT field until 2025. A Markov chain was used as the method of analysis. Using statistical data about the employment rate of ICT personnel by education attainment level, we have built a Markov chain model that describes the processes of ICT personnel with different levels of education. Data from 2005 to 2019 was used to build forecasting because of the absence of the latest information. We demonstrate that with the help of digitalization, the employment rate of ICT staff in 2025 will increase by 64% compared to 2018. The research verifies that ICT personnel will be in great demand until 2023 and, importantly, low‑ and middle‑skilled personnel will be in demand, as well as high‑skilled personnel. The employment rate in the ICT field will be at its highest level in 2022 as the favorable economic conditions for ICT adoption will help it. The growing demand for low‑ and medium‑skilled ICT staff are met both by staff relocation processes and by the increasing digitalization of business units and public sector institutions. The added value of the analysis is the prediction that the largest growth in ICT personnel employment will occur by 2023, but employment growth will slow down after that. The main obstacle to employment growth through digitalization is the global economic crisis because of different reasons.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74244964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Generalized Trust, Helpfulness, Fairness and Growth in European Countries A Revised Analysis 广义信任、乐于助人、公平与欧洲国家经济增长——修正分析

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.25

J. Sztaudynger, Ewa Ambroziak, Paweł Starosta

{"title":"Generalized Trust, Helpfulness, Fairness and Growth in European Countries A Revised Analysis","authors":"J. Sztaudynger, Ewa Ambroziak, Paweł Starosta","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.25","url":null,"abstract":"This research is an attempt to assess the impact of trust, helpfulness, and fairness on economic growth in Europe. The first part of the paper highlights the concept of social capital and the related concept of trust, while the second part gives an overview of selected research hitherto conducted on the subject. The third part presents an econometric growth model based on a modified Cobb‑Douglas production function. The model we propose includes three interrelated variables: generalized trust, helpfulness, and fairness, which can be combined into an aggregated variable, called ‘cooperation capital’. The pooled sample covers the years 2006–2018 and includes 22 European countries. European Social Survey data provides a chance to examine the previously inaccessible measurement of the impact of bridging social capital increase on economic growth. The results suggest that approximately 1/8 of economic growth (measured by the GDP growth rate) may be ascribed to the effect of an increase in cooperation capital. In addition, 86% of this effect occurs with a 1–4 year lag. The three‑component cooperation capital explains economic growth better than generalized trust exclusively. The estimated model suggests that an increase in helpfulness among people has the largest impact on economic growth. As the outcomes of this research also clearly show, fairness and trust are key factors for economic growth in Europe.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86654478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Using Acemoglu and Robinson’s Concept to Assess Leviathans in CEECs in the Long Term 用阿西莫格鲁和罗宾逊的概念评估中东欧国家的长期利维坦

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.22

R. Matera

引用次数: 0

IF 0.6

Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.23

D. Żebrowska-Suchodolska, Iwona Piekunko-Mantiuk

引用次数: 0