Oncology and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Some Considerations on the Treatment of Laryngeal Verrucous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Primoz Strojan, Alfio Ferlito","doi":"10.1007/s40487-024-00277-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-024-00277-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"203-206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Dietary Puzzle: Exploring the Influence of Diet, Nutraceuticals, and Supplements on Bladder Cancer Risk, Outcomes, and Immunotherapy Efficacy: Insights from the BLOSSOM Study and Beyond.","authors":"Carlo Buonerba, Concetta Ingenito, Rossella Di Trolio, Francesca Cappuccio, Roberta Rubino, Arianna Piscosquito, Antonio Verde, Ferdinando Costabile, Michela Iuliucci, Felice Crocetto, Francesco Chiancone, Antonio Nacchia, Antonio Campitelli, Luca Scafuri, Roberto Sanseverino, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo","doi":"10.1007/s40487-024-00266-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-024-00266-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder cancer is considered a global health concern characterized by significant morbidity and mortality rates. The complex relationship between diet and bladder cancer is examined, with a specific focus on the role of diet in risk, outcomes, and treatment efficacy. Attention is drawn to the burgeoning field of immunotherapy in bladder cancer treatment, and the possible influence of diet on its outcomes is explored. While evidence remains limited, prior studies in other cancer types have suggested a potential connection between diet and immunotherapy response. To address this knowledge gap, the ongoing BLOSSOM study is presented, which aims to investigate the link between dietary factors, lifestyle, and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Ongoing efforts to decipher the intricate relationship between diet and bladder cancer care are highlighted, emphasizing the quest to unravel the dietary puzzle for the improvement of bladder cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Treatment Patterns and Survival Among Patients with Stage I-III, Non-Squamous, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Surgery as Primary Treatment.","authors":"Soo Jin Seung, Daniel Moldaver, Shazia Hassan, Iqra Syed, MaryKate Shanahan, Geoffrey Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40487-024-00268-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-024-00268-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Approximately half of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present with early-stage disease at diagnosis. Real-world outcomes data are limited for this population but are of interest given recent and impending results from trials evaluating epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and immunotherapies in neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and perioperative settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, longitudinal, population-level study was conducted in patients diagnosed with resected stage I-III non-squamous NSCLC in Ontario, Canada, between April 2010 and March 2019. Study outcomes included patient characteristics and median overall survival (mOS), with stratification by disease stage and treatment exposure. Patients receiving EGFR-TKIs (assumed EGFR mutation-positive by proxy) were a key population of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 8255 cases, 4881 had stage I, 2124 had stage II, and 1250 had stage III NSCLC at diagnosis. The mean patient age was 68 years; 53.5% were female. In the overall cohort, 19.6% received adjuvant chemotherapy. Receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with significantly longer mOS than not receiving such therapy: stage II (7.6 [95% confidence interval: 6.5-8.5] vs. 4.4 [4.0-4.9] years) or stage III (4.4 [3.6-5.1] vs. 2.7 [2.3-3.3] years), both p < 0.0001. Patients receiving treatment (EGFR-TKIs and chemotherapy) were assumed to have experienced disease recurrence/relapse; mOS was longer among those receiving an EGFR-TKI than among those receiving chemotherapy (2.3 [1.8-3.0] vs. 1.1 [1.0-1.3] years).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Ontario, between 2010 and 2019, uptake of adjuvant therapy was low among patients with resected NSCLC, despite such therapy being associated with improved survival. Patients assumed to have recurred/relapsed had markedly reduced mOS, regardless of subsequent therapy, compared with those who did not relapse/recur. Novel peri-adjuvant treatment options are needed to enhance outcomes after lung resection.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"311-326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Real-World Outcomes in High-Risk Relapsed/Refractory (r/r) FL with CAR-T Cell Therapy: A Vodcast and Case Example.","authors":"Kai Hübel","doi":"10.1007/s40487-024-00269-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-024-00269-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Follicular lymphoma (FL) is often considered a chronic disease with frequent relapses, shortening both response duration and survival after every relapse. Selecting the most appropriate therapy at the right time within the treatment timeline is key to optimize outcomes. The aim of this vodcast, featuring Dr. Kai Hübel, is to outline the severity of FL by referring to a patient case as well as highlight chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells as an effective therapy in relapsed/refractory (r/r) FL. The patient was in their early 50s, diagnosed with FL in the early 2010s and presented with a third relapse. The patient complained of night sweats and fatigue but was still capable of self-care (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status Scale 2). The patient received eight cycles of rituximab-cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisolone (R-CHOP), followed by irradiation and rituximab maintenance (first-line) and then received rituximab 4 × weekly, followed by rituximab maintenance (second-line). The patient relapsed during rituximab maintenance; the patient was rituximab refractory. The patient received six cycles of bendamustine/obinutuzumab followed by obinutuzumab maintenance. The patient relapsed during obinutuzumab maintenance, achieved a partial remission after irradiation and was switched to R/lenalidomide. Due to several high-risk features, CAR-T cell therapy was initiated. Dr. Hubel underlines how earlier treatment with CAR-T cell therapy would have been beneficial for this patient. Results of the ELARA trial as well as comparative studies have shown tisagenlecleucel to be more effective than standard of care in extensively pretreated r/r FL, including high-risk patients. In conclusion, CAR-T cell therapy is a promising therapy option for patients with multiply r/r FL. A vodcast feature is available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"217-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Public Economic Gains from Early Breast Cancer and Curative Treatment: A Case Study in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER-2) Positive Targeted Therapies.","authors":"Svenn Alexander Kommandantvold, Nikos Kotsopoulos, Isabel Monteiro, Ana Ladeiras, Andrew Hogan, Felipe Barboza Magalhães de Araujo, Mark P Connolly","doi":"10.1007/s40487-024-00264-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-024-00264-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer diagnosis influences the choices that patients make regarding current and future labor market activity. These choices have implications for governments based on resulting changes in taxes paid and benefits received. In this analysis we explore how human growth receptor 2 (HER2)-positive residual invasive breast cancer and different treatments influence government accounts excluding health costs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HER2-positive early breast cancer (eBC) health states from a published disease model were used to establish likelihood of working and wage impact at different stages of disease. The indirect productivity losses for an average woman aged 49 years were translated into fiscal consequences to government by applying an established government perspective-modeling framework. The fiscal projections (discounted) include gross tax revenue by disease stage, government transfer costs related to time off work and early retirement ,and net fiscal balance (e.g., gross taxes-transfers) in three countries Canada, Portugal, and Brazil.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The net fiscal balance in Canada for a healthy woman was C$109,551 compared with a HER2-positive eBC woman treated with trastuzumab emtansine (C$69,767) or trastuzumab (C$62,971). A similar pattern was observed in the three countries but reflecting the overall tax burden in each country, labor force activity, and available public benefits. Age at diagnosis was an important determinant of the likely net fiscal balance, as this influences the remaining working years.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Women diagnosed with HER2-positive eBC were estimated to pay less lifetime gross taxes and receive more in sickness benefits compared with healthy women. Treatments that improve outcomes are likely to offer fiscal gains for government from improved work force participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"277-292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Podcast on Emerging Treatment Options for Pediatric Patients with ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma and Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors.","authors":"Eric Lowe, Yael P Mossé","doi":"10.1007/s40487-024-00275-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-024-00275-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) are rare cancers observed predominantly in children and young adults. ALCL accounts for 10-15% of all pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphomas and is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease. In children, 84-91% of cases of ALCL harbor an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene translocation. IMT is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that also tends to occur in children and adolescents. Approximately 50-70% of IMT cases involve rearrangements in the ALK gene. A combination of chemotherapeutic drugs is typically used for children with ALK-positive ALCL, and the only known curative therapy for ALK-positive IMT is complete surgical resection. Crizotinib, a first-generation ALK inhibitor, was approved in the USA in 2021 for pediatric patients and young adults with relapsed or refractory ALK-positive ALCL; however, its safety and efficacy have not been established in older adults. In 2022, crizotinib was approved for adult and pediatric patients with unresectable, recurrent, or refractory ALK-positive IMT. This podcast provides an overview of ALK-positive ALCL and IMT. We discuss the current treatment landscape, the role of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and areas of future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"247-255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene Therapy for Neurofibromatosis Type 2-Related Schwannomatosis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions.","authors":"Ruofei Yuan, Bo Wang, Ying Wang, Pinan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40487-024-00279-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-024-00279-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)-related schwannomatosis is a rare autosomal dominant monogenic disorder caused by mutations in the NF2 gene. The hallmarks of NF2-related schwannomatosis are bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS). The current treatment options for NF2-related schwannomatosis, such as observation with serial imaging, surgery, radiotherapy, and pharmacotherapies, have shown limited effectiveness and serious complications. Therefore, there is a critical demand for novel effective treatments. Gene therapy, which has made significant advancements in treating genetic diseases, holds promise for the treatment of this disease. This review covers the genetic pathogenesis of NF2-related schwannomatosis, the latest progress in gene therapy strategies, current challenges, and future directions of gene therapy for NF2-related schwannomatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"257-276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Podcast on Pre- or Perioperative Chemoimmunotherapy for Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Shared Agreement from the Thoracic Surgeon and Oncologist Perspectives.","authors":"Luca Bertolaccini, Andrea De Giglio, Eleonora Gariazzo, Giulio Metro","doi":"10.1007/s40487-024-00267-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-024-00267-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Management of stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been dramatically revolutionized by studies testing the addition of immunotherapy (IO) to chemotherapy in the pre- or perioperative setting. That is because the integration of chemoimmunotherapy (chemo-IO) with surgery has consistently shown a significant improvement in pathological complete response (path CR) rate, event-free survival, and, more recently, overall survival, versus preoperative chemotherapy alone. Particularly, resectable stage III NSCLCs represent a disease entity with a high risk of distant recurrence after radical surgery, for whom pre- or perioperative chemo-IO should be considered as the preferential treatment option. However, owing to the heterogeneity of stage III NSCLC, a standard definition of resectability is not established yet, being often subjective according to the expertise and clinical background of the thoracic surgeon. In addition, careful patient selection on the basis of tumor biomarkers, meticulous staging of the disease, and accurate monitoring of treatment-related adverse events are critical factors that could prevent the ineligibility for surgery of patients treated with pre- or perioperative chemo-IO. Finally, the impact of downstaging for initially borderline resectable tumors, as well as the exact number of preoperative chemo-IO cycles needed and the indications for adjuvant IO, still need to be fully elucidated. In this podcast, we will touch upon the above-mentioned topics from the perspectives of the thoracic surgeon and the oncologist, and suggest a shared agreement between two of the main actors involved in the treatment of resectable stage III NSCLCs.Podcast audio available for this publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"207-215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant CDK4/6 Inhibitors for Early Breast Cancer: How to Choose Wisely?","authors":"Elisa Agostinetto, Luca Arecco, Evandro de Azambuja","doi":"10.1007/s40487-023-00250-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-023-00250-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10881905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Study of Cemiplimab Effectiveness in Elderly Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin: Insights from a Real-Life Scenario.","authors":"Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Aieta Michele, Leo Silvana, Domenico Bilancia, Rossella Di Trolio, Michela Rosaria Iuliucci, Concetta Ingenito, Roberta Rubino, Arianna Piscosquito, Michele Caraglia, Marianna Donnarumma, Ferdinando Costabile, Raffaele Conca, Marco Pisino, Angelo Vaia, Luca Scafuri, Antonio Verde, Carlo Buonerba","doi":"10.1007/s40487-023-00256-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-023-00256-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This retrospective study investigates the efficacy of cemiplimab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the PD-1 receptor, in treating squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study analyzes data from 50 patients with SCC, focusing on various clinical parameters, including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment history, disease status at the beginning of therapy, and survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the patients who received at least one cycle of cemiplimab, 42% showed a clinical response. Adverse reactions were generally low, with the safety profile deemed excellent. During a median follow-up of 9.6 months, 17 patients experienced progression or death. Among these, 15 patients had died at the time of the analysis. The median progression-free survival (PFS) for the entire cohort was approximately 20.8 months, while median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Univariate Cox regression analysis for PFS showed that tumors in the arms and legs were associated with higher progression risk, while age above 65 years was not statistically significant. Distant metastasis exhibited a trend towards improved PFS. In terms of OS, distant metastasis was a significant predictor of reduced survival, while age above 65 years was not statistically significant. In a multivariate model, only the absence of distant metastasis remained significant, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 12.3 (95% confidence interval 1.3-112.1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide valuable insights into the real-world effectiveness of cemiplimab in SCC management.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"147-155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10881452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}