Audiology Research最新文献

{"title":"Evolution of Research on Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis from 1994 to 2025.","authors":"Jiyu Zhang, Shuqi Yao","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres16020052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD) is a chronic vestibular disorder that has been receiving more research attention lately. Nonetheless, there is a lack of systematic bibliometric overviews tracing the conceptual evolution, knowledge structure, and emerging research frontiers within this field. The utilization of bibliometric and visualization analyses can enhance the understanding of trends and central themes in PPPD research, offering valuable insights for future studies. <b>Methods</b>: Data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, yielding a final dataset of 370 bibliographic records (\"DATA\"). We employed CiteSpace, HistCite, the Alluvial Generator, and R software to conduct multi-dimensional statistical and visualization analyses on publication trends, collaborative networks (countries/institutions/authors), disciplinary distribution, citation bursts, and the evolution of keyword clusters. <b>Results</b>: Starting from 2005, there has been a notable increase in publication volume, reaching its peak in 2024. The United States and Germany are at the forefront of national collaboration, with the University of Munich and the Mayo Clinic being key research institutions. The research focus has transitioned from a primary emphasis on Psychiatry to a broader scope encompassing Neurosciences, Otorhinolaryngology, and General Medicine. Keyword analysis reveals a shift towards standardized terminology, transitioning from \"phobic postural vertigo\" to \"diagnostic criteria\" and \"consensus documents\". Current research trends are centered around comorbidity mechanisms like \"vestibular migraine\", therapeutic approaches such as \"vestibular rehabilitation\", and quality of life assessments using the \"dizziness handicap inventory\". The 2017 consensus document by the Bárány Society is highlighted as a pivotal publication with significant citation impact. <b>Conclusions</b>: The intellectual structure of the field, as revealed by this bibliometric analysis, has transitioned from a phenomenological description to a conceptual unification. The bibliometric analysis indicates that the field is currently in a conceptually stabilized stage characterized by a research focus on refining diagnostic precision and comorbidity exploration, while scholarly attention remains biologically exploratory regarding objective biomarkers and pathophysiological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13113745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manual Insertion of Cochlear Implant Electrodes Versus Robot-Assisted Insertion and Analysis by Micro-CT: A Temporal Bone Study.","authors":"Alexandre Karkas, Clément Arnold, Yann Lelonge, Norbert Laroche, Fabien Tinquaut, Florian Bergandi, Hubert Marotte, Kelly Daouda","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres16020051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Atraumatic electrode array insertion should be targeted in cochlear implantation. Robotic insertion is used in many centers worldwide. Our objective was to evaluate manual electrode placement and robot-assisted placement using RobOtol^® on human temporal bones (TBs), in terms of endocochlear trauma and completion of insertion. <b>Methods</b>: Sixteen TBs originating from eight bodies were implanted with Medel-FLEX24 electrodes through the round window. The right TB was implanted manually, while the left TB of the same body was implanted using RobOtol^® for electrode insertion. Results were analyzed through micro-computed tomography imaging. No statistical analysis was used, given the small sample size; a descriptive interpretation of micro-CT scans was rather preferred. <b>Results</b>: In the \"manual group\", there were two cases (25%) of insertion trauma: elevation of basilar membrane at basal turn (Eshraghi-stage-1). In the \"robotic group\", there were two cases (25%) of insertion trauma: one case of elevation of basilar membrane at the middle turn (Eshraghi-stage-1) and one case of dislocation of all electrodes in scala vestibuli (Eshraghi-stage-3). There were six cases (75%) of incomplete insertion in the \"manual group\" and four cases (50%) of incomplete insertion in the \"robotic group\". <b>Conclusions</b>: Both techniques of electrode placement yielded fairly similar results, in terms of endocochlear trauma and completion of insertion. New larger-scale cadaveric and clinical studies are needed to determine the possible benefit of robot-assisted electrode insertion in cochlear implantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13113926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative Review on Vestibular Complaints After Cochlear Implantation in Adults: Defining Heterogeneous Common Symptoms.","authors":"Francesco Lazzerini, Francesca Forli, Stefano Berrettini, Federica Di Berardino, Marco Pozzi, Diego Zanetti","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres16020050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cochlear implantation (CI) effectively restores hearing across the whole lifespan but may be followed by vestibular complaints, especially in adult recipients. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive characterization of vestibular complaints after CI in adults, collecting clinical and instrumental data, as well as discussing the risk factors for their development. From data reported in the literature, we defined five recurring clinical presentations of postoperative vestibular disturbances (phenotypes): acute postoperative vestibular syndrome, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), delayed Ménière-like vertigo attributable to secondary endolymphatic hydrops, chronic postoperative disequilibrium, and stimulation-linked vertigo. According to the different pathogeneses underlying each presentation, the management of postoperative vestibular complaints should be phenotype-guided, including short-course vestibular suppressants and early mobilisation for acute presentations; canalith repositioning for BPPV; empiric therapy for hydropic-like episodes; and vestibular rehabilitation when imbalance is persistent, programming changes for stimulation-linked symptoms. Alongside this phenotype-driven approach, subjective symptoms are common across cohorts but are usually transient and persistent disability is uncommon. Furthermore, instrumental data across the studies indicate that objective abnormalities cluster in otolith and low-frequency canal measures: Cervical, ocular VEMP, and caloric responses are more often impaired than high-frequency canal function on vHIT, confirming histopathological studies showing preferential saccular involvement during the insertion of the electrode array. The risk of postoperative vestibular complaints not only appears to be modulated more by patient-related factors, especially pre-existing vestibular loss, but also by the aetiology of deafness, or age, rather than by device characteristics; atraumatic surgical approaches may further reduce this risk. This review emphasizes that future research on vestibular complaints after CI should adopt standardized phenotypes when evaluating symptoms, objective vestibular function, falls, and quality of life. Additionally, it should correlate these outcomes with hypothetical risk factors and detailed surgical reports.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13113645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Embryonic and Postnatal Gene Therapy Approaches for GJB2-Related Deafness: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Valeria Caragli, Alessandro Martini","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres16020049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Purpose:</i> Hearing loss (HL) is a prevalent condition significantly impairing quality of life, with genetic mutations accounting for a substantial proportion of congenital cases, notably those involving the GJB2 gene encoding connexin 26. This study aims to analyze the current knowledge, feasibility, and challenges of gene therapy targeting GJB2-related HL, emphasizing both embryonic and postnatal interventions. <i>Methods:</i> A comprehensive scoping review was conducted across electronic databases up to October 2025, including studies focusing on GJB2-associated HL, gene therapy approaches, and the timing of interventions. Data extraction encompassed mutation types, animal models, delivery strategies, outcomes, and ethical considerations. <i>Results:</i> The results indicated over 467 GJB2 variants which could impair cochlear ion homeostasis and development. Animal models, mainly murine, demonstrated early-onset degeneration with limited recovery following delayed gene therapy, while early postnatal intervention showed greater efficacy. Viral vectors like AAV have been employed for targeted gene delivery via cochlear injections, achieving partial restoration of connexin expression and cochlear function, yet they have faced limitations including transduction efficiency, immune responses, and long-term stability. Challenges in translating these findings to humans have been compounded by anatomical, immunological, ethical, and safety issues, particularly regarding embryonic gene therapy and germline modifications. Ethical frameworks can vary internationally, highlighting the necessity for careful regulation. <i>Conclusions:</i> While promising advances in gene therapy for GJB2-related HL have been achieved in preclinical studies, significant scientific, technical, and ethical barriers must be addressed before clinical application, especially during embryogenesis. A multidisciplinary, cautious approach is essential to realize the potential of gene therapy in restoring natural hearing while safeguarding individual and societal interests.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13113232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of a Natural Dietary Supplement for Tinnitus: An Observational Prospective Exploratory Study.","authors":"Massiel Cepeda Uceta, Estela Lladó-Carbó, Raidili Mateo Montero, Catalina Villa Jurado, Montserrat Virumbrales, Iván Domènech Juan","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres16020048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The objective of the study was to assess the benefits on quality of life (QoL) of a natural-based dietary supplement in patients with tinnitus. <b>Methods</b>: An observational, prospective and exploratory study was conducted in 30 patients (mean age 50.7 years) diagnosed with tinnitus. The dietary supplement (Otocalm^®) contained L-theanine, <i>Gingko biloba</i>, melatonin, GABA, zinc, selenium and vitamins B3, B6 and B12, and was administered for 90 consecutive days. Clinical assessment included tone verbal audiometry, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), the Goldberg anxiety and depression scale (GADS), and a 0-10 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) to score the intensity of tinnitus. <b>Results</b>: The mean THI score decreased from 40.8 at baseline to 30.9 at the end of the study (<i>p</i> = 0.012), and the percentage of patients with THI grade 1 (no handicap) increased from 3.3% to 20%. The mean anxiety score decreased from 4.7 to 3.0 (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and the percentage of patients scoring ≥ 4 in the GADS decreased from 63.3% to 33.3%. Changes in VAS scores and verbal tone audiometry were not observed. A decrease in the mean frequency of tinnitus from 2417.4 Hz to 1603.3 Hz (<i>p</i> = 0.519) was found. The product was safe and well-tolerated. <b>Conclusions</b>: The administration of a natural-based dietary supplement composed of L-theanine, <i>Ginkgo biloba</i>, melatonin, GABA, zinc, selenium, and group B vitamins during 90 days in patients with tinnitus was associated with a significant increase in QoL by reducing tinnitus-associated handicap and anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsurgical Reconstruction of the Ear and Temporal Region: Structural and Functional Considerations Including Hearing Rehabilitation-A Narrative Review.","authors":"Florin-Vlad Hodea, Eliza-Maria Bordeanu-Diaconescu, Andrei Cretu, Vladut-Alin Ratoiu, Cristian-Sorin Hariga, Cristian-Radu Jecan, Ioan Lascar, Andreea Grosu-Bularda","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres16020047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reconstruction of the ear and temporal region presents unique challenges due to the complex anatomy of the lateral skull base and the need to restore both structural integrity and auditory function. Historically managed as separate entities, auricular reconstruction and hearing rehabilitation are increasingly approached in an integrated manner, supported by advances in microsurgical techniques and implantable hearing technologies. This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence on microsurgical reconstruction of the ear and temporal region in conjunction with hearing rehabilitation, analyzing a wide range of existing surgical techniques in an integrative manner. Reconstructive techniques discussed include local and regional flaps, free tissue transfer, auricular framework reconstruction using autologous cartilage or alloplastic materials, external auditory canal reconstruction, and subtotal petrosectomy. Hearing rehabilitation options reviewed encompass bone-anchored hearing systems, active and passive transcutaneous devices, middle ear implants, and cochlear implantation. Simultaneous reconstruction and implantation may reduce surgical burden and enable earlier hearing restoration in carefully selected patients, while staged approaches remain advantageous in complex or high-risk scenarios, particularly in the presence of chronic infection or extensive temporal bone surgery. Multidisciplinary collaboration, meticulous preoperative planning, and long-term follow-up are essential to optimize outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13113753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Wearable System for Postural Balance Assessment: Comparison with EquiTest and Static Posturography in Healthy Adults.","authors":"Valerio Maria Di Pasquale Fiasca, Alfredo Gabriele Nanni, Marco Pozzi, Lorenzo Collino, Barbara Martino, Paolo Ranieri, Eliana Filipponi, Giulio Dehesh, Andrea Beghi, Federica Di Berardino","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020045","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres16020045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Objective assessment of postural control is central to the clinical evaluation of vestibular disorders. Although force-platform-based posturography is considered the gold standard, its use may be limited by cost and infrastructural requirements. Wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) represent a promising alternative; however, their clinical validation should account for intrinsic differences in measurement paradigms rather than strict metric equivalence. <b>Objective</b>: To preliminarily evaluate the within-session reliability of a wearable IMU-based medical device for balance assessment (Gravity), and its agreement with established static (SBP) and computerised dynamic posturographic systems (CDP) in healthy subjects. <b>Methods</b>: Sixty-three healthy adults were enrolled in two independent method comparison studies: a wearable IMU-based balance system versus a static stabilometric platform (GRAVITY vs. SVEP; <i>n</i> = 42) and a wearable IMU-based balance system versus computerised dynamic posturography (Gravity vs. EquiTest; <i>n</i> = 21). Gravity measurements were obtained simultaneously with reference systems across standardised sensory conditions. Within-session reliability and method agreement were assessed. <b>Results</b>: Within-session reliability of Gravity was outcome-dependent. Length-based components demonstrated higher repeatability (ICC (single) = 0.25-0.35; ICC (average) = 0.41-0.52), with narrower limits of agreement (LoA = ±9-12%) and lower measurement error (SEM = 3.3-4.3%). In comparison with SBP, length-based measures exhibited narrower limits (LoA = ±12-17) and more consistent relationships. Comparison with CDP revealed moderate agreement for composite and preferential scores (LoA: -2.20-7.07; -5.54-8.12). <b>Conclusions</b>: Gravity sensor may represent a clinically meaningful, outcome-dependent performance, with superior reliability and comparability for length-based postural measures compared with area-based measures. The device could provide balance assessments compatible with both static and dynamic posturographic systems, accounting for physiological variability. These findings support the potential clinical use of wearable IMU-based posturography, particularly in settings where conventional force-platform systems are not readily available, and warrant further validation in larger, more clinically diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Air-Bone Gap: The Role of Bone Conduction Thresholds in Predicting Functional Outcomes and Guiding Surgical Decision-Making in Active Middle Ear and Bone Conduction Implants.","authors":"Joan Lorente-Piera, Raquel Manrique-Huarte, Sebastián Picciafuoco, Janaina P Lima, Valeria Serra, Manuel Manrique","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020046","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres16020046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>: In patients with conductive and mixed hearing loss, implantable hearing devices such as active middle ear implants (AMEIs) and bone conduction implants (BCIs) are established alternatives when conventional hearing aids fail. Although bone conduction (BC) thresholds are routinely used as eligibility criteria, their role as frequency-specific predictors of postoperative functional outcomes remains poorly defined. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of preoperative BC thresholds across the audiometric spectrum on postoperative speech recognition outcomes after implantation with AMEIs and BCIs. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral center including patients implanted with BCIs or AMEIs. Pre- and postoperative audiological data were analyzed, including air and bone conduction thresholds, frequency-segmented BC measures (low, mid, and high frequencies), cochlear frequency gradient (ΔBC Slope), and speech recognition scores (SRSs) at 65 dB HL one year after implantation. <b>Results</b>: 102 patients were included (50 BCI, 52 AMEI). Both implant types achieved significant postoperative improvements in tonal thresholds and SRS compared with pre-implantation values (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). High-frequency BC thresholds (BC-High, 4-6 kHz) showed a significant inverse correlation with postoperative SRS in both BCI (r = -0.382, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and AMEI users (r = -0.398, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and emerged as the only independent predictor in multivariable models (BCI: β = -0.533, <i>p</i> = 0.022; AMEI: β = -0.491, <i>p</i> = 0.020). Low- and mid-frequency BC measures were not associated with postoperative speech outcomes (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). ROC analyses demonstrated excellent discriminative performance of BC-High for identifying suboptimal outcomes, with area under the curve values of 0.92 for BCI (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and 0.94 for AMEI (<i>p</i> = 0.002), and implant-specific cutoff values of >47 dB HL and >61 dB HL, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: High-frequency BC thresholds showed the strongest association with postoperative speech recognition after implantable hearing rehabilitation. BC-High could function as a prognostic marker of functional outcome rather than an eligibility criterion, providing clinically meaningful information to refine preoperative counseling and individualized decision-making within current indication frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147505057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cochlear Implantation in Down Syndrome: Functional Outcomes, Challenges, and Management Strategies.","authors":"David H Elisha, David H Cohen, Andrea Monterrubio, Ryan Hossain, Nicholas DiStefano, Rahul Mittal, Adrien A Eshraghi","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020044","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres16020044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The aim was to evaluate cochlear implantation (CI) outcomes in children with Down syndrome (DS) with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), addressing a literature gap and discussing challenges including anatomical abnormalities, cognitive deficits, and Eustachian tube dysfunction. <b>Data Sources:</b> Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase from inception through to June 2025. <b>Review Methods:</b> A systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was performed. Included studies reported CI outcomes in DS patients receiving otolaryngologic care for SNHL. Extracted data included findings on ear anatomy, auditory performance, speech/language development, intelligibility, and duration of CI use. <b>Results:</b> A total of 149 abstracts were screened, yielding six studies with 26 patients that met the inclusion criteria. The review included pediatric DS patients with documented ages at implantation spanning from 11 months to 17.9 years. CI provided significant benefits for DS patients, including improved audiometric results, enhanced environmental awareness, and psychosocial gains. Optimal outcomes were associated with early implantation, thorough preoperative imaging (CT/MRI), and management of middle ear disease. Variability in outcomes often reflected cognitive limitations and anatomical challenges such as cochlear nerve hypoplasia and Eustachian tube dysfunction. <b>Conclusions:</b> CI can significantly improve quality of life and communication in children with DS when tailored to their unique needs. Preoperative imaging is essential to assess candidacy, and middle ear disease should be addressed prior to surgery. Clinicians should counsel families with individualized goals that emphasize functional hearing gains over normative speech benchmarks. Broader adoption of CI in this population may be supported by standardized, population-sensitive outcome measures and future prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147505041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating the Sensation-Emotion-Cognition (SEC) Model into Tinnitus Care: A Preliminary Exploratory Study of a Comprehensive Tinnitus Management Protocol.","authors":"María Del Carmen Moleón González, Farzon Danesh, Ali A Danesh","doi":"10.3390/audiolres16020043","DOIUrl":"10.3390/audiolres16020043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of an external source, is a prevalent condition that can substantially affect physical and mental health. Although tinnitus is not typically curable, it is often manageable with structured, multidisciplinary care. This pilot research describes the Sensation-Emotion-Cognition (SEC) model, a practical audiological framework developed by Danesh et al. that targets three core dimensions of the tinnitus experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We integrate findings from an exploratory retrospective cohort and a prospective expansion study. The SEC protocol included sound therapy, counseling and relaxation training, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) delivered through either unguided, module-based internet CBT, clinician-guided module-based internet CBT, or six therapist-led CBT sessions. The objective was to evaluate whether this multifactorial approach is associated with reductions in tinnitus-related distress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this prospective study, preliminary results from 16 participants who completed the study were associated with significant pre-post changes in tinnitus-related outcomes: 4C management confidence increased from M = 30.38 to 60.19 (<i>p</i> < 0.001; Cohen's dz = 1.04), and SAD-T emotional distress decreased from M = 4.75 to 2.38 (<i>p</i> = 0.001; Cohen's dz = 0.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest the potential value of an integrated management strategy; however, given the single-group pre-post design and attrition, the results should be interpreted as exploratory and warrant confirmation in larger controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":44133,"journal":{"name":"Audiology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147505061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}