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Empirical Musicology Review最新文献

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Presenting the SWTC: A Symbolic Corpus of Themes from John Williams’ Star Wars Episodes I-IX 呈现SWTC:约翰·威廉姆斯《星球大战》第1 - 9集主题的象征语料库
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i2.8927
Claire Arthur, Frank Lehman, John McNamara
{"title":"Presenting the SWTC: A Symbolic Corpus of Themes from John Williams’ Star Wars Episodes I-IX","authors":"Claire Arthur, Frank Lehman, John McNamara","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i2.8927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i2.8927","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new symbolic corpus of musical themes from the complete Star Wars trilogies (Episodes I-IX) by John Williams. The corpus files are made available in multiple formats (.krn, .sib., and .musicxml) and include melodic, harmonic, and formal information. The Star Wars Thematic Corpus (SWTC) contains a total of 64 distinctive, recurring, and symbolically meaningful themes and motifs, commonly referred to as leitmotifs. Through this corpus we also introduce a new humdrum standard for non-functional harmony encodings, **harte (Harte et al., 2005; Harte, 2010). This report details the motivation, describes the transcription and encoding processes, and provides some brief summary statistics. While relatively small in scale, the SWTC represents a unified collection from one of the most prolific and influential composers of the 20th and 21st centuries, and the under-studied subset of film and multimedia musical material in general. We hope the SWTC will provide insights into John Williams’ compositional style, as well as prove useful in comparisons against other thematic corpora from film and beyond.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135192354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Did Melody Become a Schrödinger Cat? Commentary on Clark & Arthur 梅洛迪变成Schrödinger猫了吗?评论克拉克&;亚瑟
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i2.9548
Klaus Frieler
{"title":"Did Melody Become a Schrödinger Cat? Commentary on Clark & Arthur","authors":"Klaus Frieler","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i2.9548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i2.9548","url":null,"abstract":"I comment on Clark and Arthur's response to a YouTuber’s claim of the death of melody for which they used corpus analysis and statistical methods of computational musicology. While I basically appreciate the effort, I also will discuss three pertinent problems I see ingrained here: whether such claims can be substantiated in any form in the first place, and how to react to dubious claims disseminated from YouTube musicology, and I will also shortly discuss some methodological issues.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135241278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Essen as a Corpus of Early Musical Experience 埃森:早期音乐体验的语料库
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i2.9266
Niels J. Verosky
{"title":"Essen as a Corpus of Early Musical Experience","authors":"Niels J. Verosky","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i2.9266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i2.9266","url":null,"abstract":"Statistics derived from the Essen Folksong Collection have widely been used as a proxy for general stylistic norms familiar to Western listeners. Since the specific facets of contemporary musical experience best modeled by a corpus of nineteenth-century European folksongs remain ambiguous, this study tests whether Essen-like music might be familiar to North American listeners through common children’s songs. Comparison with a corpus of 38 English-language children’s songs highly popular in North America finds that scale degrees from Essen and the children’s song corpus have near-perfect correlations in frequency profiles as well as high to very high correlations in tonal expectations and 4-grams. Profiles of scale degrees’ downbeat probabilities and average durations have moderate to high correlations for the diatonic but not the total chromatic. Overall, profiles of scale-degree behavior from the children’s song corpus match profiles from Essen more closely than do profiles from another corpus of music widely familiar to contemporary listeners (Billboard Hot 100 songs) and similarly closely as a corpus of nineteenth-century common-practice German vocal music (Schubert songs). For contemporary North American listeners, studies relying on Essen might plausibly be reinterpreted in terms of Essen acting as a corpus of early musical experience although the generalizability of Essen-derived statistics likely depends on the precise statistics being measured.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" 116","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135241136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Information-Theoretical Method for Comparing Completions of Contrapunctus XIV from Bach’s Art of Fugue 从巴赫赋格艺术看《十四号矛盾符》完成度比较的信息论方法
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i1.7544
Iván Paz, F. Knights, Pablo Padilla, Dan Tidhar
{"title":"An Information-Theoretical Method for Comparing Completions of Contrapunctus XIV from Bach’s Art of Fugue","authors":"Iván Paz, F. Knights, Pablo Padilla, Dan Tidhar","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i1.7544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i1.7544","url":null,"abstract":"The unfinished final Contrapunctus from Bach’s posthumously-published Kunst der Fuge has received several dozen completions over the past century. Although the majority of these have been published and recorded, none has yet established themselves as the leading solution among performers, and this may have more to do with their perceived ‘Bach-ness’ than the undoubted contrapuntal skill and ingenuity that they each demonstrate. This study uses an established information-theoretical method drawn from mathematics to explore the extent to which it is possible to ‘measure’ the similarity of these reconstructions to the original, and so determine which are closest to the musical lines of Bach’s existing opening of Contrapunctus XIV.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41970284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
How Accurate is whosampled.com?: Exploring the reliability of a user-generated resource whosampled.com有多准确?:探索用户生成资源的可靠性
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i1.8641
Jeremy Orosz
{"title":"How Accurate is whosampled.com?: Exploring the reliability of a user-generated resource","authors":"Jeremy Orosz","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i1.8641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i1.8641","url":null,"abstract":"Whosampled.com is a website that hosts user-compiled lists of samples, covers, and remixes of pre-existing music. This article will evaluate the accuracy of the information on whosampled.com through cases studies on the music of Bruno Mars, Janelle Monáe, Dua Lipa, and the reported samples of Classical music, to determine which types of entries are most likely to be accurate and why. While the site is an informative resource for exploring clear examples of direct samples in genres like hip hop, it is less reliable in documenting other forms of borrowing, especially in genres in which digital sampling is not commonly practiced.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44706325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Commentary on “An Information-Theoretical Method for Comparing Completions of Contrapunctus XIV from Bach’s Art of Fugue” 评《巴赫赋格艺术对偶曲第十四首完成的信息理论比较方法》
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i1.9158
Stefanie Acevedo
{"title":"Commentary on “An Information-Theoretical Method for Comparing Completions of Contrapunctus XIV from Bach’s Art of Fugue”","authors":"Stefanie Acevedo","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i1.9158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i1.9158","url":null,"abstract":"Information entropy can be a powerful tool for analyzing differences in musical style as suggested in Paz et al. (2022). The application of such a tool, however, requires unambiguous operationalization of the variables being measured, and establishment of clear relations between the variables and the distinguishing features of the style. Without these, interpreting entropy, or any other relative measure of difference, leads to no useful conclusions regarding the similarity between style.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44540299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editor’s Note Editor’s音符
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i1.9547
Daniel Shanahan, Daniel Müllensiefen, Niels Chr. Hansen
{"title":"Editor’s Note","authors":"Daniel Shanahan, Daniel Müllensiefen, Niels Chr. Hansen","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i1.9547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i1.9547","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135494297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Blurred Lines in Allegations of Musical Intertextuality: A Response to Orosz 音乐互文性指控中的模糊界限:对奥罗什的回应
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i1.9168
Trevor de Clercq, Deborah Wagnon
{"title":"Blurred Lines in Allegations of Musical Intertextuality: A Response to Orosz","authors":"Trevor de Clercq, Deborah Wagnon","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i1.9168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i1.9168","url":null,"abstract":"This commentary responds to Orosz’s recent EMR article, which presents research on the accuracy of user-generated information on the whosampled.com website. In general, we find Orosz’s main conclusions—that the accuracy of an entry tends to relate to the type of sample (direct or interpolated), how distinct the sample is, and the style of music—are convincing and well-supported by examples. That said, we believe Orosz’s ultimate appraisal of the web site as an invaluable resource to be contingent on the user. From the viewpoint of a music theorist such as Orosz, the web site may indeed be a beneficial resource. But for other users, especially students aspiring to create popular music, a lack of education about the legal issues surrounding the web site may foster a problematic perspective on music sampling.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44464236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reexamining the Effects of Ratio Simplicity and Familiarity on Abstract Pattern Learning in Dyad Sequences Dyad序列中比率简单性和熟悉性对抽象模式学习的影响
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i1.8446
R. Friedman, Douglas A. Kowalewski, Sijia E. Song
{"title":"Reexamining the Effects of Ratio Simplicity and Familiarity on Abstract Pattern Learning in Dyad Sequences","authors":"R. Friedman, Douglas A. Kowalewski, Sijia E. Song","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i1.8446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i1.8446","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we conceptually replicated two experiments by Crespo-Bojorque and Toro (2016; Experiments 4a & 5a) in an attempt to corroborate their finding of improved performance in abstract pattern learning within sequences of conventionally consonant versus dissonant dyads. In addition, to determine whether the processing advantages for consonance that they reported were due to the ratio simplicity or the familiarity of the stimuli, we added a condition in which participants were either presented with unconventionally tuned small versus large integer-ratio dyads. Results failed to replicate Crespo-Bojorque and Toro’s (2016) original findings: Neither conventionally consonant nor unconventionally tuned small integer-ratio dyads conferred any advantage in pattern learning or generalization. However, in a post hoc analysis using a subsample of participants with no music training, there was evidence that initial pattern learning was more efficient when the patterns were embedded within familiar as opposed to unconventionally tuned dyads. This is consistent with Crespo-Bojorque and Toro’s (2016) proposition that interval familiarity may bolster abstract pattern detection. Discussion centers on the need for additional research on the impact of consonance on pattern learning, highlighting the importance of adjudicating between the effects of ratio simplicity and enculturation.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49361674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Demographic Sampling Model and Database for Addressing Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Bias in Popular-music Empirical Research 用于解决流行音乐实证研究中种族、民族和性别偏见的人口抽样模型和数据库
Empirical Musicology Review Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i1.8531
Nicholas J. Shea
{"title":"A Demographic Sampling Model and Database for Addressing Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Bias in Popular-music Empirical Research","authors":"Nicholas J. Shea","doi":"10.18061/emr.v17i1.8531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/emr.v17i1.8531","url":null,"abstract":"This report summarizes the development and application of a demographic encoding model designed to assist researchers in aligning dataset diversity with real-world diversity in popular-music corpus studies. Drawing on sampling strategies in machine-learning research and encoding procedures in health sciences and the humanities, the model and its associated open-access data provides researchers with a tool to generate more inclusive databases along the parameters of race, ethnicity, and gender. The model itself attempts to reconcile the intersectional boundaries of personal identity with the binarity required by statistical encoding and analysis. Importantly, it facilitates a mindful approach through conditional parameters; for example, by minimizing the risk of tokenizing minoritized artists in multi-member ensembles by considering said artist’s agency and demographic proportion within the group. Applying the model to artist samples from various popular-music corpora affirms the underrepresentation of non-white and non-male artists in related research. In response, the report outlines how a researcher might utilize intentional demographic sampling when developing future corpus-based popular-music studies.","PeriodicalId":44128,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Musicology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48685742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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