{"title":"Islam, Politics and Government","authors":"Sherko Kirmanj","doi":"10.1080/14690760701856382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701856382","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between Islam and politics has attracted considerable attention in recent years, and especially since the 11 September attacks. This paper examines this relationship and comprises an extensive review of the main sources of Islam. The principal aim is to assess arguments regarding the political nature of Islam, and it seeks to investigate whether or not Islam is inherently political. Islamists have used Islam as an ideological tool and also as a weapon to obtain power when they are in opposition. Additionally, they have given their authority a religious gloss when they are in government. Therefore, the second objective of the paper is to investigate the authenticity of their claims of the political nature of Islam. The paper asserts that the Koran and the Sunna are concerned mainly with ethical and moral issues and have little to say about politics and governance.","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127057793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Saffron Revolution: The Role of Religion in Burma’s Movement for Peace and Democracy 1","authors":"B. Rogers","doi":"10.1080/14690760701856424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701856424","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129805037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Cease Fire, Comrades!’ Anarcho‐syndicalist Revolutionary Prophesy, Anti‐Fascism and the Origins of the Spanish Civil War","authors":"J. Getman-Eraso","doi":"10.1080/14690760701856416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701856416","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article challenges the traditionally accepted claims that in the early months of 1936, the anarcho‐syndicalist labour union Confederación Nacional del Trabajo [National Confederation of Labour], or CNT, posed a revolutionary threat to the Spanish Second Republic. This argument has been used to explain the collapse of the Republican regime, and consequently the military coup that sparked the Spanish Civil War in July 1936. Though revolutionary insurrectionism was inherently characteristic of the CNT and the anarcho‐syndicalist movement, in 1936, the organisation was neither prepared nor willing to incite a social revolution. This article analyses the reasons for the anarcho‐syndicalists' turn to moderation, paying special attention to the emergence of a perceived ‘fascist threat’ that heavily influenced the change in anarcho‐syndicalist insurrectionary tactics which lasted into the Spanish Civil War. It also evaluates the impact of these findings on Civil War historiography, and proposes a reconsideration of the assessment of blame for beginning the conflict.","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125059156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ḥasan al‐Bannā or the Politicisation of Islam","authors":"Ana Belén Soage","doi":"10.1080/14690760701856374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701856374","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The politicisation of Islam can be traced back to the establishment of the Muslim Brothers’ Society in Egypt in the late 1920s. Its founder, Ḥasan al‐Bannā, was greatly influenced by the European political religions that appeared in the first decades of the twentieth century, and there were significant similarities between the Society’s organisation and that of fascist parties. In addition, al‐Bannā embraced totalitarianism and developed the notion of Islam as a ‘comprehensive’ system. Finally, his worldview shows striking parallelisms with that of the totalitarian ideologues, with its depiction of history as a process of decline from a mythical past, and of the Muslim Brothers as the saviours who will lead the nation back to the lost utopia.","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122391613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EDITORIAL STATEMENT","authors":"R. Mallett","doi":"10.1080/14690760701861960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701861960","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"247 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132111892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Christian Identity and the Politics of Religion","authors":"M. Durham","doi":"10.1080/14690760701856408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701856408","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since the end of the Second World War, one form of religion has been especially evident on the American extreme Right. Tracing its roots to nineteenth‐century Britain, Christian Identity emerged in the USA in the 1940s. Anglo‐Saxons, it claimed, were the original lost tribes of Israel, and the Bible was written not for the Jews, but for the white race. Taking a wide variety of organisational forms, Identity has experienced a number of bitter disputes. While some adherents argue that the Bible justifies vigilante violence, others insist that it does not, and where the doctrine has long been associated with the claim that Jews are literally children of Satan, in recent years leading Identity preachers have insisted that this is a false reading of scripture. As with other disputes among Identity believers, these arguments do not disrupt the foundational anti‐Semitism of the doctrine. It draws our attention, however, to the centrality of religion for a movement which envisages the coming of a sacralised new order and which, in some forms, has argued that a divine state has already come to pass, in the twelve years of the Third Reich.","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129589664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Michael Collins Piper: An American Far Right Emissary to the Islamic World","authors":"G. Michael","doi":"10.1080/14690760701856390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701856390","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This essay examines the career of Michael Collins Piper, an important figure in the American far right subculture. A prolific writer, his underground books advancing various conspiracy theories have in recent years found a receptive audience in the Islamic world. Casting himself as an alternative media representative, he has conferred with leading statesmen, including Deputy Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates Sultan Ibn Zayd al‐Nahayan, former Malaysian Prime Minister Dr Mahathir Muhammad and Iranian President Mahmud Ahmadinejad. His outreach could presage greater cooperation between segments of the far Right and the Muslim world in the future.","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129099912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Demonising Discourse in Mao Zedong’s China: People vs Non‐People","authors":"Michael Schoenhals","doi":"10.1080/14690760701571114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701571114","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines the use of demonising rhetoric by the Chinese Communist Party during the first decades of the People’s Republic after 1949. It chronicles the rise, flourishing, and ultimate post‐Mao demise of a political discourse predicated on an ‘essential’ distinction between people and non‐people. With the help of illustrations lifted from public and until recently classified sources, it sheds light on the strategic reasoning behind official as well as popular deployment of dysphemisms like ‘ox‐monster’ and ‘snake‐demon’. Noting the extremes to which demonisation was taken during the Cultural Revolution, when some party leaders were made to self‐criticise for mis‐speaking of class enemies as actual human beings, it hints at the role that the trauma of Mao’s final decade in power played in problematising the people vs. non‐people distinction and finally discarding it altogether as incompatible with the needs of political reform.","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127428114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Appendix: Introduction to TMPR special issue 6.3, ‘Political Religions and the Sacralisation of Politics’","authors":"Jie‐Hyun Lim, P. Lambert","doi":"10.1080/14690760701588241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701588241","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The following was due to appear as the Introduction to the six articles of the special issue on: ‘Political Religions and the Sacralisation of Politics’ published in TMPR issue 6.3. Owing to an oversight in the last stages of production, the introduction by Peter Lambert and Jie‐Hyun Lim was omitted, and is republished here as an Appendix to the double issue 8.3/4 on the occasion of the publication of five more articles based on the same conference in a featured section. (See the Editorial Statement and the Introduction by Robert Mallet and Peter Lambert. The original articles can be obtained via the Web at http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title∼db=all∼content=g727349332.) Its relevance to the current issue lies mainly in the organiser’s explanation of the aims of the RICH project on mass dictatorship, which has a direct bearing on the featured theme of ‘heroisation’. The editors would like to apologise to Peter Lambert, Jie‐Hyun Lim and RICH for the original error. RG","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128924232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"About the Contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/14690760701588266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14690760701588266","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":440652,"journal":{"name":"Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129153044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}