Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne最新文献

{"title":"Nutritional problems among patients affected by cancer during chemotherapy","authors":"Marzena Kamińska, A. Kolak, Renata Tymicka, Agnieszka Bronikowska","doi":"10.5114/MS.2015.56673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2015.56673","url":null,"abstract":"Chemotherapy is one of the primary methods of treating cancer. Symptoms occurring during this form of therapy affect patients’ general health status, cause malnutrition, and deteriorate the quality of life of oncology patients, which results in cachexia. Malnutrition during treatment and the resulting bad general health status of patients may lead to disqualification from chemotherapy treatment. Cachexia is a complex and multi-factorial process, characterised by the nearly unknown mechanism of its development. What is extremely crucial is the evaluation of the state of malnutrition among patients qualified for cytostatic therapy and regular control of this state during therapy and immediately after its termination. Clinical practice indicates the importance of applying pharmacotherapy, nutritional treatment, and targeted education for the patient and their closest family regarding diet and correct behaviour, which significantly reduces anxiety and stress.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"22 1","pages":"295-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83305462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome and professional aptitude","authors":"D. Rębak, E. Suliga, S. Głuszek","doi":"10.5114/MS.2015.56672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2015.56672","url":null,"abstract":"The development of civilisation has resulted in a growing problem of metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome. Scientific studies show that this disease is an epidemic of the 21st century. Metabolic syndrome is a collection of mutually related metabolic factors, such as obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, lipid disorders, arterial hypertension, and pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic state, increasing the risk of the development of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes, and their cardiovascular complications. Considering the scale of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, the causes of its development and diagnostic criteria are the main contemporary directions of scientific research. The study presents an analysis of the relevant literature with respect to terminology, diagnostic criteria, and pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. The second section of the study discusses the degree of epidemiological risk due to metabolic syndrome and its individual components among the adult Polish population. The effect of this phenomenon on professional competence is also taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"6 1","pages":"286-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75372857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lead-dependent infective endocarditis and pocket infection – similarities and differences","authors":"A. Polewczyk, Agnieszka Kędra-Banasik, A. Polewczyk, R. Podlaski, M. Janion, A. Kutarski","doi":"10.5114/MS.2015.56666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2015.56666","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Infectious complications in patients with implanted pacemakers are divided into infections of the generator pocket (PI) and lead-dependent infective endocarditis (LDIE). Aim of the research: Identification of risk factors for developing different types of infections and evaluation of the extent of infectious complications. Material and methods: We compared two groups of patients with infectious complications, who underwent transvenous lead extraction (TLE) in the Reference Centre between March 2006 and July 2013. The groups consisted of 414 patients with LDIE and 205 with PI. We analysed risk factors, clinical manifestations, inflammatory markers, microbiology, and echocardiography results. Results: The coexistence of LDIE and PI was observed in 62.1% patients. There were no significant differences in the presence of host-dependent risk factors. Patients with LDIE significantly more frequently had abrasion of leads (35.1.% vs. 21.0%; p = 0.0001) connected with other procedural risk factors: a larger number of the leads (2.2 vs. 2.0; p = 0.004) lead loops (24.6% vs. 13.2%; p = 0.001), and longer time interval from the last procedure prior to TLE (28.7 vs. 22.6 months; p = 0.005). Fever and pulmonary infections, higher level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, vegetation presence, and higher pulmonary systolic pressure were also revealed in patients with LDIE. Positive blood and leads culture were observed in 34.5% and 46.4% patients with LDIE. Conclusions: The frequent coexistence of LDIE and PI confirms their common pathogenesis, but the phenomenon of abrasion suggests also another mechanism for the development of LDIE. Intensity of clinical syndromes, high inflammatory parameters, echocardiography, and microbiology findings are helpful in assessment of the extensity of the infection.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"20 1","pages":"249-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83926746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pressotherapy of a postoperative scar with the application of non-sterile silicone dressings in a 56-year-old woman treated for breast cancer in the Holycross Cancer Centre in Kielce","authors":"P. Macek, Małgorzata Terek-Derszniak, A. Lipińska, Ewa Błaszkiewicz, Halina Król, S. Głuszek, S. Góźdź","doi":"10.5114/MS.2015.56671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2015.56671","url":null,"abstract":"Scarring is a natural process of wound healing. In some cases, however, there is formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids that are the result of collagen decomposition and synthesis. A disturbed scarring process causes functional, aesthetic, and psychological disorders in the patient. Silicone dressings in the form of plasters or gel are used in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. A case of pressotherapy of a postoperative scar with the use of non-sterile silicone dressings in a 56-year-old patient treated for breast cancer is described herein. The use of a 2-month pressotherapy of the scar resulted in an improvement in all the assessed parameters. Pressotherapy of the postoperative scar in the patient after mastectomy proved to be an effective and promising method. However, the methods of the scar assessment before and after treatment need objectivity. Pawel Macek, Malgorzata Terek-Derszniak, Anna Lipinska, Ewa Blaszkiewicz, Halina Krol, Stanislaw Gluszek, Stanislaw Goźdź 282 Medical Studies/Studia Medyczne 2015; 31/4 Introduction Scarring is a natural result of wound healing. In some cases, however, there is formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids that are the result of collagen decomposition and synthesis [1, 2]. The cause of the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids is not fully known. Some scars heal well, which leads to the formation of an imperceptible thin line, others are susceptible to the hypertrophy of a scar, and in the worst case, to the conversion into a keloid. A disturbed scarring process causes functional, aesthetic, and psychological disorders in the patient [1, 3]. Frequent symptoms associated with hypertrophic scars and keloids are: itching, pain, and restriction of movement, especially in the vicinity of the joints [4–7]. If left untreated, scars can cause contractures negatively affecting the patient’s health [8–10]. Hypertrophic scars and keloids are usually localised on the skin in the area of the chest, back, shoulders, in places of increased tension, and more often on flexor muscles [8].","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"31 1","pages":"281-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84847807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of clinical risk factors for drug-resistant epilepsy in children and teenagers","authors":"M. Kasprzyk, W. Brola, J. Wendorff","doi":"10.5114/MS.2014.45418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2014.45418","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological illnesses occurring in children. In approximately 20–30% of cases it is drug-resistant. Aim of the research: To assess the already-known risk factors, analyse the rarely described ones, and find new causes of epilepsy drug resistance in children, taking into account the level of impact of each factor. Material and methods: The study comprised 152 of all 383 children hospitalised in 2012 at the Neurology Department of the Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital in Lodz due to epilepsy. Based on medical documentation, neurological examination, and our own questionnaire, we divided patients into two groups: drug-resistant epilepsy or drug-sensitive epilepsy. We compared the type, level of influence, and prevalence of different factors. For statistical analysis, the χ2 test was used. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Drug-resistant epilepsy was found in 64 patients (42.1%), and drug-sensitive epilepsy was found in 88 patients (57.9%). Factors that were most probable to cause drug resistance included: high prevalence of seizures (Cramer’s V = 0.66), type of epileptic syndrome (V = 0.62), psychomotor developmental delay (V = 0.62), and occurrence of status epilepticus (V = 0.6). Factors such as infections of CNS in early childhood, repeated severe infections of airways in childhood, and mother’s infectious diseases with high fever during pregnancy were rare or non occurring (Cramer’s V = 0.41, 0.32, and 0.31, respectively). Conclusions: The study confirmed the previously known causes of drug resistance and indicated the significance of under estimated inflammatory and infectious factors involving pyrexia, in children and also in mothers during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"12 1","pages":"141-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82783090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there sufficient diagnostic criteria for bronchial atypical carcinoid? A case report of bronchial pigmented spindle cell carcinoid with a review of the literature","authors":"P. Lewitowicz, A. Horecka-Lewitowicz","doi":"10.5114/MS.2014.45427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2014.45427","url":null,"abstract":"Here we present a case of a 42-year-old female patient with pigmented spindle cell variant of bronchial carcinoid. The aim of this study was not only to record a rare variant of this tumour but also to highlight the differences in diagnostic criteria of gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonary-thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Ki-67 index is a discriminating factor in differential diagnosis between gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) and, only optionally, in bronchopulmonary-thymic tumours. Since diagnosis is currently based on mitotic activity, optionally Ki-67 index and tumour necrosis, a rare variant of NET, spindle cell carcinoids with cellular atypia could be potential pitfalls for diagnostic controversies or mistakes. Nevertheless, the presented case of typical carcinoid with spindle cell component and mild to moderate cellular atypia has been classified according current WHO criteria as a typical carcinoid.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"9 1","pages":"203-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89516146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How respiratory diseases were treated at the beginning of the 19th century","authors":"J. Starzyk, Katarzyna Starzyk-Łuszcz","doi":"10.5114/MS.2014.43607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2014.43607","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory diseases were quite common in the past. A treatment procedure for an acute respiratory disorder, most probably pneumonia, in a 72-year-old man was presented based on archival source materials dating from 1801. The treatment was provided by a doctor, barber surgeon “nurse” and pharmacist, who were practicing in Koniecpol in 1801. The patient was given mucolytic, antitussive, cardiac, antipyretic and analgesic medications and appetite stimulants. From the medical point of view that prevailed at that time, the treatment was correct. The patient was also given medications recommended under the humoral theory, which was still being followed at that time. According to that theory, the human body was thought to contain four humours: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. An imbalance of humours resulted in a disease. The treatment was designed to restore the proper humoral balance by techniques such as enemas, diuretics and bloodletting. From the present medical point of view, the treatment was incorrect. It caused anaemia and disturbances in water, electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis. The treatment resulted in the patient’s death. However, one can hardly blame doctor Tichi, as his treatment was fully compliant with the scientific views prevailing at that time.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"30 1","pages":"131-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88649780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of unstable-surface functional exercises on static balance in adolescents with intellectual disability – a preliminary report","authors":"E. Mikołajczyk, A. Jankowicz-Szymańska","doi":"10.5114/MS.2014.41984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2014.41984","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Independent and safe mobility considerably affects social functioning and performing activities of daily living (ADL). People with intellectual disabilities commonly have a reduced sense of balanced posture. Aim of the research study: Examination static balance in adolescents with moderate intellectual disabilities under the influence of a 12-week programme of functional exercises on unstable surfaces. Material and methods: Static balance was assessed on an Alfa stabilometric platform. A total of 34 adolescents, aged 14–16 years, were involved in the tests. They were divided into two groups: group one took part in a 12-week exercise programme, and group two constituted a control group. Results: A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the scores of the experimental and control group was revealed after the termination of the exercise programme, and it related to the Centre of Pressure (COP) surface area in the balance assessment test with eyes closed. The suggested battery of exercises considerably (p < 0.05) affected the shortening of the path length in the balance assessment test with eyes open. Those differences were not observed in the control group. The experimental group boasted a statistically significant (p < 0.05) shortening of the path length and a smaller surface area covered by the COP in exercises with eyes closed. Conclusions: The suggested training programme improved static balance in intellectually disabled adolescents who took part in regular exercise sessions.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84715339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome – causes, diagnostic criteria and prevalence","authors":"A. Horecka-Lewitowicz, P. Lewitowicz, O. Adamczyk-Gruszka, Dariusz Skawiński, M. Szpringer","doi":"10.5114/MS.2014.42000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2014.42000","url":null,"abstract":"Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is the outcome of alcohol exposition in the prenatal period. It is irreversible. In Poland, FAS is becoming more and more common, the diagnostic tools are limited though. It is recommended to use the 4-Digit Diagnostic Code, which evaluates the 4 basic FAS symptoms: growth retardation, dysmorphic appearance, damage to the central nervous system and prenatal alcohol exposure. It has been confirmed that there is no safe amount of alcohol for a mother to drink while carrying a baby. To put it another way, only a complete lack of alcohol consumption is a guarantee that the baby will not suffer from FAS. It is necessary for society to know that even the smallest amount of alcohol is bad for the foetus. A number of people still believe that, for example, red wine is good and healthy for both the mother and child.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"22 1","pages":"48-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78715212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocardial infarction of interior wall: a case study","authors":"P. Musiał, K. Makowski, P. Zięba, Ewa Zięba, G. Nowak-Starz","doi":"10.5114/MS.2014.47927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/MS.2014.47927","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases are the primary death factors of people in the world. Myocardial infarctions and strokes are the most predominant among them. Securing a patient with myocardial infarction requires a rapid pre-hospital procedure and a fast cardiac intervention at an invasive cardiology centre. The paper describes a case of a 55-year-old man diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), i.e. myocardial infarction of the bottom wall. The operative procedure requires following the MONA algorithm (M – morphine, O – oxygen, N – nitroglycerin, A – aspirin). The process of data tele-transmission is an important element of the pre-hospital proceedings at the level of Medical Emergency Team. It makes it possible to send quickly the ECG record from the ambulance or patient’s home to a cardiology centre. Streszczenie Choroby ukladu krązenia stanowią glowną przyczyne zgonow ludzi na świecie. Wśrod nich najcześciej przewazają zawaly mieśnia sercowego i udary mozgu. Pacjent z zawalem mieśnia sercowego wymaga szybkiego postepowania przedszpitalnego oraz szybkiej interwencji kardiologicznej w ośrodku kardiologii inwazyjnej. W artykule przedstawiono przypadek 55-letniego mezczyzny, u ktorego rozpoznano ostry zespol wiencowy z uniesieniem odcinka ST, czyli zawal mieśnia sercowego, w tym przypadku ściany dolnej. Obowiązującym schematem jest postepowanie wedlug algorytmu MONA (M – morfina, O – tlen, N – nitrogliceryna, A – kwas acetylosalicylowy). Waznym elementem w postepowaniu przedszpitalnym na poziomie ZRM (Zespol Ratownictwa Medycznego) okazuje sie proces teletransmisji danych, ktory umozliwia szybkie przeslanie zapisu EKG z ambulansu lub domu pacjenta do ośrodka kardiologicznego.","PeriodicalId":44061,"journal":{"name":"Medical Studies-Studia Medyczne","volume":"38 1","pages":"271-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80780890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}